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Słowniczek wyrazów dotyczących pokrewieństwa i powinowactwa. An Unknown Manuscript by Jan Łoś The paper discusses Jan Łoś’s Słowniczek wyrazów dotyczących pokrewieństwa i powinowactwa z zabytków językowych do końca XVI w. (‘A dictionary of kinship and affinity terms from monuments till the 16th century’) whose manuscript is stored in the collections of the Silesian Library in Katowice. The article contains a physical description of the unit and a metalexicographic analysis of its microand macrostructure, contrasted with Łoś’s conception of Słownik staropolski (‘Old Polish dictionary’). Furthermore, the paper indicates content and source relationships between the analysed work and another text by Łoś (Nazwy stopni pokrewieństwa i powinowactwa w dawnej Polsce ‘Names of degrees of kinship and affinity in old Poland’) and draws attention to the lack of reception of the manuscript in later linguistic works. The article also presents the history of the manuscript, so far as it could be reconstructed. It ends with conclusions about the significance of the manuscript for linguistics, in times when it was written, and currently.

BAROQUE POLISH IN THE INTERNET OR THE ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY OF POLISH IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES In 2021, the Electronic Dictionary of Polish Language of the 17th and 18th Centuries (e-SXVII) was given the 4th edition Award of the Linguistics Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences for outstanding scientific achievements in the field of linguistics. The award was granted in the category of team work carried out by Prof. Włodzimierz Gruszczyński PhD together with the Studio of the History of Polish Language of the 17th and 18th Centuries IJP PAN under his management, where e-SXVII is being created. The dictionary has been recognized as “an achievement in producing linguistic resources or tools”. The article reports on the history of the studio and introduces the evolution of conceptual works, especially after the decision to suspend further publication of SXVII in paper form (2004) and transform it into the first Polish dictionary created initially in the electronic form. It also deals with detailed issues regarding the canon of sources, structure and content (shape) of individual elements of the entry and media structure, and relations with other digital collections (especially the Electronic Corpus of Polish Texts from the 17th and 18th Centuries). The authors of the article also describe an important IT tool created for the needs of this dictionary.

On the etymological dictionary of Romance languages (Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, DÉRom) The paper presents to Polish linguists of various specializations the Romance etymological dictionary Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman (DÉRom) which, despite having existed for several years, remains entirely unknown in Poland. Its goal is to reconstruct the Romance protolanguage, protoroman, on as many levels as possible. Its novelty lies in the application of the historical-comparative method to modern Romance forms, and reconstructing Proto-Romance forms based on them. Departure from the traditional Latin-leaning etymology brings qualitatively new results to the field of Romance diachronic linguistics. The paper concludes with examples of two dictionary entries.

Elements of grammatical information in the dictionary edited by T. Lehr-Spławiński, as an example of socio-cultural factors in lexicography The paper examines the convention of formulating the inflectional information, especially pertaining to grammatical cases, in Trzaska, Evert, and Michalski’s Dictionary of Polish that was edited in the interwar period by T. Lehr-Spławiński. The author attempts to determine what factors informed the use of a lexicographically innovative solution that nonetheless did not upset the linguistic tradition, and has proven both very functional and influential for future conventions in Polish lexicography. The analysis of nominal inflection presented in the dictionary is compared to analyses in numerous academic and popular grammars, mostly from the interwar period or widely known at the time, and in the context of the publishing layout of the editor who contracted Lehr-Spławiński. The aim of the paper is to highlight the significant role that research on the sociocultural context plays in metalexicographical studies and in a better understanding and interpretation of dictionaries, not so much as linguistic compendia, but also as texts of culture.

Cultural Information Versus Lexicographic Description in a Monolingual Dictionary of Polish The paper speculates whether the lexicographic description in a general dictionary of Polish should contain explicit information about cultural knowledge petrified in the language. The author believes that this kind of commentary is important from the point of view of mediation between generations and cultures, and it can help create an active dictionary. An analysis of words from various fields (Wielkanoc ‘Easter’, szlachta ‘nobility’, dzwony ‘bell-bottoms’, bezpieka ‘security services’, orzeł ‘eagle’, magiel ‘mangle’, trzepak ‘carpet hanger’, and others) illustrates and justifies this desideratum, assuming that cultural information will be only partially connected with the semantic description. Such information should be incorporated in different fields within the microstructure of an entry, including material illustration. For many units, the introduction of an explanation in an extrasemantic section “cultural knowledge and competence” can be used as an alternative or supplementary solution.

Dictionaries on trial. Use of lexicographic works in court judgements The paper discusses the issue of the use of lexicographic works in the process of linguistic interpretation, which causes multiple problems in the judicial practice. Omitting positive examples, we show judgements in which the decision can be considered argumentatively unsatisfactory in the area of linguistic interpretation. We hope that the presented material will help linguists and authors of Polish dictionaries better understand how their work is utilized by other users of Polish. Simultaneously, we indicate moments where judicial errors result not only from lack of knowledge or negligence on the part of the interpreters, but also from defects and inconsistencies in the results of linguistic work (e.g. from inadequate definitions or insufficient contrast between definitions of related lexemes), and insufficient familiarization of the extra-linguistic milieu with methodologically newer dictionaries and language corpora.

Linguistic mythological heritage in S.B. Linde’s Słownik języka polskiego ‘Polish dictionary’. Vocabulary Linguistic mythological heritage preserved in S.B. Linde’s Słownik języka polskiego ‘Polish dictionary’, comprises mainly one-word mythologisms, i.e. mythologically-motivated lexemes. The subject of my query are those Polish mythologisms, and that are lexicographically marked in Linde’s dictionary (are entries or subentries). The paper discusses the problem of mythological sources and that of textual lexical mythologisms; it isolates groups of mythological names, and describes Linde’s lexicographical notation of the selected linguistic units (among others, their place in the macro- and microstructure of the dictionary, qualification, markings, abbreviations, information on the origin, definition and isolation of secondary meanings).