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The aim of this study is to analyse the perception of students and university teachers on the level of importance of generic competences when devising the End-of-Degree Project in Teacher Education, as well as on the amount of training the students receive regarding these competences. It also looks for possible differences between both groups and both ratings. An online survey was applied to a sample of 52 university teachers and 199 fourth year and graduate students of Primary/Preschool Teacher Degree courses. Participants were asked to rate 33 generic competences of an instrumental, interpersonal and systemic nature. It was found that the students thought they had received less training regarding many of the competences, as compared to the perception of university teachers. In addition, importance score was significantly higher than those related to training for both students and university teachers. These results highlight the need to explicitly address and assess the development of generic competences across all subjects in ways that meet the students’ needs.

Abstract The present study focuses on how the COVID-19 crisis was dealt with and represented in newspaper articles in the period January 2020-February 2022. To this end, a corpus of articles was compiled from the Times using Sketch Engine (https://www.sketchengine.eu/), in order to manage and investigate the corpus quantitatively; discourse and genre analyses were applied for the qualitative approach. After providing a definition of the coronavirus timespan and the term crisis, the paper explores how the language used changed over successive periods of crisis management and communication (Coombs 2010). It also shows how the unpredictable development of the pandemic had an effect on communication flows, which in turn affected how the crisis unfolded. Different types of information were conveyed through the media that played a crucial role in selecting what to convey (and what not to convey) to the readers and how to represent it. This significantly contributed (and continues to contribute) to the development of the readers’ opinions and sentiments, fuelling their worries and feelings of uncertainty, weakness and risk (Denti 2021; Wodak 2021). Future research will focus on metadiscursive features and the changes in rhetorical persuasion (Hyland 2005), and on the politicisation of the crisis (Musolff et al. 2022; Thielemann and Weiss 2023).

Nowadays, TikTok is one of the most famous apps among youngsters since its users create different types of videos that attract students' attention. Hence, learners can use this app as a tool for learning English since there are many videos they can watch for learning and improving their pronunciation. For this reason, many researchers have conducted studies focused on knowing the students' opinions regarding the use of TikTok for academic purposes; unfortunately, there are no studies about the students’ perceptions towards the use of the app as a means to enhance students’ pronunciation. Therefore, this study aimed to understand A2 students' perceptions of using TikTok to improve English pronunciation. It was necessary to use interviews to gather the information for this study to analyze students’ opinions about using the app to enhance pronunciation. Moreover, this study is significant since it helps explain how students and teachers can take advantage of the app as an additional tool for learning English.

Background: Despite measures put in place to combat teenage pregnancy, the rate remains high. Community health workers (CHWs) are a cadre of health workers that can help put measures in place to reduce teenage pregnancy in the communities in which they live and work. Aim: This article aims to gain a deeper understanding of CHWs’ perceptions regarding teenage pregnancy in the rural districts of Limpopo province. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study approach was employed to collect data from CHWs in two rural districts of Limpopo. A non-probability purposive sampling approach was used to choose 81 CHWs. Eight focus group discussions (FGDs) were organised, and audio recorded to collect data from participants. The discussions were 2–3 h long and conducted in English, and data saturation was attained by the fifth FGDs. Results: An eight-step tech’s content analysis approach was employed to deductively code, analyse and summarise data into themes. Three themes emerged: the prevalence of teenage pregnancy in rural villages, factors contributing to teenage pregnancy and challenges faced by CHWs when dealing with teenage pregnancy. Conclusion: The study’s findings revealed that CHWs face challenges in their communities when offering appropriate teen pregnancy services and CHWs believe that teen pregnancy numbers remain high. There is a significant barrier in combating teenage pregnancy; if contraceptives are not acceptable to the community, the only solution and option for combating teenage pregnancy is abstinence. Contribution: The CHWs presented their insights of teenage pregnancy in rural communities. The outcomes of this study could help clinical practise, schools, communities, youth-friendly services, policymakers and other non-governmental organisations reduce teenage pregnancy.

Machine translation (MT) is improving even for low-resource minoritized languages such as Basque, for which free online engines are available. However, the level of adoption and common practices involving the technology are unknown, even though it has the potential to disrupt a carefully planned Basque language revitalization and sustainability process. To shed light on MT usage habits and perceptions among the Basque community, we report on the results of a survey of language specialists and general users, and a focus group with professional translators and interpreters. The data shows that MT is already becoming more popular among users of all backgrounds and that, overall, the attitude towards the technology is positive, which might result in increased use in the future. However, participants express concern about the impact MT will have on the development of Basque. The results call for further research on the language impact of MT and MT literacy initiatives.

The online following of conspiracy theory believers known as QAnon has recently come into focus of U.S. government agencies and terrorism scholars, raising questions about the risk of violence it poses. To address these questions, as well as to triangulate existing research on QAnon’s threat, the present study compared survey responses about actual radical intention and activist intention scores of QAnon supporters (n = 113) and non-QAnon participants (n = 287), relative to QAnon’s radicalization as perceived by non-QAnon participants. Actual radical intention scores for QAnon supporters were significantly lower than the perceptions of QAnon radical intentions, and were not significantly different than the actual radical intention scores for non-QAnon participants. Activist intention scores were lowest among QAnon supporters, followed by non-QAnon supporters, and then by perceptions of QAnon activist intentions. The implications of the results for public policy are discussed.

The pedestrian experience, in addition to being strictly related to the physical environment, also represents a way of approaching the other, It is also a means for recreation and the material and symbolic exchange that makes possible the socio-spatial appropriation of the urban environment. However, in the case of the urban peripheries of Latin America, the experience of mobility is limited by social elements that affect passers-by in different ways. Based on 20 interviews with residents of Lima Norte and El Callao during the Covid-19 pandemic, we approach the experiences related to the quality of urban services, recreation and leisure spaces, and the feeling of insecurity in the streets. We seek to explore the perceptions that residents of peripheral districts in Lima Norte and El Callao develop about public space from their pedestrian experience. In this regard, we found that the pedestrian experience of residents is marked by insecurity in the streets, but in turn is affected by differences related to gender. This difference marks the development of particular walking strategies in public spaces.

In current social theorising there is a burgeoning interest in the ‘afterlife’ of resource extraction. In this chapter, we maintain that while the assumption of a post-extractive afterlife might grasp certain social and extractive dynamics of mining areas, it is not necessarily indicative of how people in mining sites themselves conceive of being in time. To this end, we explore how different temporal experiences coincide and converge with one another in two informal gold-mining regions in Colombia and Venezuela. In particular, we reveal that during our fieldwork in these regions the extractive present was imagined as an afterlife and/or a thing of the past. In other words, miners who were extracting in the present nevertheless experienced and described their work through tropes of anteriority (of being stuck in an earlier time) and posteriority (of being stuck after history). In the gold rush of the Venezuelan Arco Minero region, miners encountered their ongoing mining practices as if having descended into a messy hereafter they had never imagined becoming part of. In the Colombian Chocó region, residents of post-boom towns and villages returned to pre-boom extractive practices, and described these practices as the tragic aftermath of a rich gold rush, while simultaneously relating them to pre-boom years of poverty. We couple both cases to highlight how lived experiences in present-day gold country cannot be analysed without considering previous booms and busts, as one resource frontier’s life is often another frontier’s afterlife. We present ‘muddled times’ as an alternative way to conceive of the temporality of the gold mine.

Purpose: The role of formal education is currently viewed as central in preventing violent radicalisation and extremism (VRE), however educators' understanding, or competences have not been developed accordingly. Therefore, this study critically investigates Finnish educators' perceptions of presumed manifestations of VRE among their students. Findings: Finnish educators confront ideologically and morally challenging situations, some of which include extremist features. They do, however, have difficulties in distinguishing VRE from other types of motives for hostile or violent rhetoric or behaviour, especially if students from societal minority groups are involved. Practical implications: False labeling may have negative consequences on students. Educators' need VRE-related in-service trainings that focus on increasing educators' knowledge and reflection on their VRE-related preconceptions and intuitive responses to these. Research limitations: We acknowledge the possible skewedness of the survey data as responding may have felt more appealing to those educators who have encountered VRE or who are interested or worried about VRE.

Tree species have always played an important role in tropical cocoa farms. However, their survival is threatened by changes in farming practices. This study aims to understand the interactions between farmers in Indénié-Djuablin and the tree species that they save or introduce in their cocoa farms. To do this, an inventory of these species was carried out in 54 cocoa farms selected on the basis of the area and density of tree species. An individual semi-structured survey was then conducted with the cocoa farm owners to find out how they perceive and use the tree species found on their farms. In these cocoa farms, 63 tree species were inventoried that were used in four categories of use : food, timber, medicinal and fuelwood. Furthermore, 64.06% of these wood species are perceived as having positive or negative impacts on the development of cocoa trees. The timber like Tiama (Entandrophragma angolense), Bété (Mansonia altissima) and Iroko (Milicia excelsa) is valued for the excellent shade that is beneficial to young cocoa trees and the improvement of soil fertility while medicinal plants like Emien (Alstonia boonei), Ilomba (Pycnanthus angolensis) and Akpi (Ricinodendron heudelotii) are perceived as creating excessive shade and as potential hosts of crop pests. Some woody plants that are detrimental to the development of cocoa trees are therefore maintained in cocoa farms for specific uses. Taking this aspect into account in any agroforestry project would make it possible to sustainably reconcile agricultural production, conservation of plant diversity and resource development.

Background: Sexual and reproductive healthcare services (SRHS) are crucial investments for improving individual well-being and granting an opportunity to exercise sexual and reproductive rights. Primary health care (PHC) nurses are described as gatekeepers, preventing many individuals, including the members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex (LGBTQI) community, from accessing much-needed healthcare services. Aim: The study aimed at exploring the experiences and perceptions of PHC nurses during the provision of SRHS for members of the LGBTQI community. Setting: The study was conducted among eight clinics around Tshwane in South Africa. Methods: Twenty-seven professional nurses were selected purposively, using an exploratory design approach. A semistructured interview guide and in-depth face-to-face interviews were used to gather data. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis (TCA). Results: Four themes emerged: understanding of SRHS, attitudes of PHC nurses, frequency of rendering services based on utilisation of SHR and views of nurses on the right to access SRHS. Conclusion: A heteronormative approach was mostly indicated when rendering SHRS to the members of the LGBTQI community. Members of the LGBTQI community do not use the SRHS as often as heterosexual patients; lack of training, skills and knowledge were identified as barriers to rendering much-needed SRHS for members of the LGBTQI community. Contribution: The findings of this study assisted in demonstrating the PHC nurses’ perceptions, experiences, skills and knowledge of LGBTQI SRHS, thus improving the members of the LGBTQI community’s accessibility and utilisation of SRHS.

The present research paper highlights the importance of plurilingual competence and plurilingual approach to language education in pre-service teacher training taking students at the Teacher Training College of Bouzareah-Algeria as a case study. The study is designed to gain insight into the development of plurilingual competence and the implementation of plurilingual approach to foreign language teaching and learning in the pre-service program that is addressed to the students of the departments of French and English in their final year of university studies as they guarantee a professionalization of the pre-service training (Kervran, 2005; Castelloti, 2002). To achieve the above mentioned aims, the researcher employed a qualitative method by using semi-structured interviews with pre-service teachers being trained to teach foreign languages in the secondary education as well as Master students of Didactics who are teaching in the field area aiming at suggesting a didactic model for integrating plurilingual approach for teacher education.

The treatment of wastewater is a circular solution to both water scarcity problems in times of climate change and to avoid direct discharge of untreated wastewater in the environment. The use of treated wastewater (TWW) has been considered as the main water resource in different parts of the world, especially in semi-arid and arid contexts. Palestine is one of these contexts. Here, water stress is locally exacerbated by cultural, political and social constraints, as well as by water quality deterioration and a lack of effective water management which have heavily affected both the environment and the socio-economic development of the Beit Dajan Community, West Bank. To the aim of identifying the core issues, social implications and possible multiple-layer recommendations addressing this situated case of environmental injustice, we conducted a qualitative study under the scope of applied sociology. Moving from the hypothesis that the use of wastewater in agriculture can be hindered by misconceptions or prejudices, in this paper we explore local community’s perceptions and attitudes towards treated wastewater in Beit Dajan (West Bank). Here, besides improving local agricultural production, treated wastewater available for agriculture has the potential to minimize freshwater abstraction and, as a result, water stress. Two focus groups and six interviews, conducted between November 2021 and January 2022 with a total of 36 participants, let us identify three main factors that, according to Beit Dajan’s local community, still prevent TWW use from being adopted successfully: mismanagement of the treatment unit; misleading (or lack of) information; socio-cultural and religious aspects. The research’s results, however, suggest that existing obstacles are in fact already overcome in everyday production and consumption practices.

Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La révolution numérique offre de nouvelles possibilités de transferts d’argent avec l’intégration d’acteurs longtemps exclus des circuits financiers ordinaires. Pour appréhender les bouleversements que son adoption a provoqué dans les pratiques socioéconomiques au sein de la population tchadienne, une enquête qualitative a été réalisée auprès de quatorze (14) personnes à travers l’observation directe et l’entretien. Les résultats obtenus portent sur les perceptions de la monnaie électronique et les pratiques des transferts d’argent par téléphone mobile à N’Djaména.

Cet article étudie la bienveillance en éducation en l’opérationnalisant dans un dispositif d’évaluation continue pour apprendre durablement dans une université suisse. À la suite d’une production initiale, 64 étudiant∙e∙s ont rédigé un feedback sur un travail de pairs. Les étudiant∙e∙s ont répondu à un item de perception de la bienveillance des feedbacks reçus. Réuni∙e∙s en 30 forums, les étudiant∙e∙s ont ensuite fait ressortir des recommandations pour formuler un feedback bienveillant. Sont analysées les variations des perceptions de bienveillance pour un même feedback, les liens entre les contenus des feedbacks et la perception de leur bienveillance, et les recommandations exprimées. La discussion donne à voir le caractère subjectif et situé des perceptions de bienveillance.

Between the beginning of March and the end of May 2020, Burkina Faso experienced a controversial communication around the management of Covid-19 patients. In order to strengthen the resilience of the population in the face of the pandemic, "social" measures were then taken. Finally, barrier measures were strongly relayed by the media, including "Let's get wet with a handkerchief to throw immediately in the trash". This measure strongly disrupts the organization of household waste management in the capital Ouagadougou, now marked by permanent contact between the actors of the sector and garbage waste at all stages of management. This article aims to highlight the effects of Covid-19 communication on perceptions of health risks related to household waste in Ouagadougou. It is based on data collected during the period of confinement introduced in Burkina Faso between March and April 2020.Mainly qualitative, these data were collected from people from waste sector (opinion leaders, pre-collectors, municipal councillors, etc.). These data reveal that the media coverage of barrier measures amplifies the health risks associated with waste and reconfigures the relationship between pre-collectors and waste producers in Ouagadougou. They also show that, in view of the climatic conditions and the time taken at each stage of household waste management, all actors, from pre-collection to landfill, are exposed to the risks of contracting Covid-19 COVID-19 from soiled tissues thrown in the garbage cans.

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Copyright of Swiss Journal of Educational Research / Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Bildungswissenschaften is the property of University Library of Bern and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Globally, the health crisis linked to the coronavirus pandemic forced the closure of schools and universities to prevent the rapid, uncontrolled spread of the disease. COVID 19 has had a disturbing impact on all walks of life. Among these, higher education concerns us. This article analyses the Gambian system for ensuring the continuity during the pandemic at the university.

Geçmişten günümüze sanat eserlerine konu olan mekanlar cezbedici olagelmiştir. İçinde bulunduğumuz teknolojik ve hızlı dünyada ise bu cazibeyi en fazla, görselliğin en önemli unsur olduğu filmler/diziler oluşturmaktadır. Merak ve görme isteği uyandıran bu mekanlara erişmek eskiye kıyasla çok daha kolay olduğundan, kaçınılmaz biçimde yeni bir turizm türü olarak “film turizmi” ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu alanda yapılan çalışmalarda genelde konuya turist perspektifinden yaklaşılmış, yerel halkın bakışıyla ilgili çalışma sayısı sınırlı kalmıştır. Yerel halkın görüşlerini derleyen çalışmalarda ise çoğunlukla gelişmiş turizm destinasyonları veya yerleşimler ele alınmış olup kırsal alanlar ve turizm faaliyetlerinin yeni başladığı bölgeler çok araştırılmamıştır. Literatürdeki bu eksikliğin giderilmesi amacına yönelik olarak, Muğla’nın Yeşilyurt köyünde yaşayan halkın, bölgede başlayan turizm hareketliliğine yönelik ekonomik, sosyo-kültürel ve çevresel algılarını ve bu algıların bölgede turizm gelişimini desteklemeleri üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen bu çalışmada veriler, çok değişkenli istatistiksel analiz yöntemleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda yerel halkın turizm gelişimini genel olarak olumlu algıladığı ve belirgin şekilde algılanmasa bile sosyo-kültürel ve çevresel etkilere yönelik algıların destek tutumunda etkin unsurlar olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Research framework: With the democratization of photography, the practice of keeping a family album has become widespread. Objects produced from snapshots, texts, drawings and collages have imposed themselves as founding structures of unique affective communities. Yet, since this practice has entered the field of research, this medium has only been considered in terms of sociology leaving aside the study of forms, as well as in terms of artistic disciplines, thus projecting a particularism preventing any hermeneutics. Objectives: This article aims to reread the practice of family album through its materiality so as to apprehend its significance for the subjects represented within a group whose specificities we must understand. Methodology: In order to do this, we will rely on the collections of the Niepce Museum (Burgundy, France) and the consultation of nearly a thousand items, 219 of which form the core, mainly French photographic albums produced between 1880 and 1980. Results: This research observes the important fragmentation of the album space, which it will consider as a place that gathers, preserves and secures the sensitive expression of a fantasized family. It also examines the album through the prism of play and the experiments in social relationships that it allows. Conclusion: Thus, the album is at the heart of the discipline, social aesthetics, and sociological dimensions, which confirms their co-dependence and testifies to the expressive scope of the object itself. Contribution: To our knowledge, no study has considered a sufficiently large corpus of relics and disciplines are often dissociated by research in order to consider the family album in its entirety, for its form and its content.

This study aimed to explore perceptions about two vocabulary instruction programs as reported from a cohort of 37 English for academic purposes (EAP) students enrolled in an academic speaking course in an English medium (EMI) university. While one group received concordance-based instruction of formulaic expressions (FE) for 10 hours, one group received a similar instruction of single academic vocabulary (AV). Participants were interviewed after pedagogical intervention was finalized. Semi-structured interviews with each participant were audio-recorded and later transcribed verbatim for qualitative thematic analysis. Findings showed that both groups perceived vocabulary intervention they received to be useful for their academic needs and for enhancing their awareness about contextual use of academic vocabulary and formulaic expressions. As a third theme, the FE group emphasized the contribution of learning FE to their confident performance in L2 whereas the AV group differently reported that they enjoyed systematicity of AV instruction. Pedagogical implications of findings were discussed.

Medical students report a growing prevalence of mental health illnesses due to the medical school curriculum being considered challenging, lengthy, and leaving little time for leisure. Currently, several mental health apps are available and hold promise in terms of the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of mental health disorders. This study aimed to investigate medical students’ habits, attitudes, and intentions about using mental health applications. A survey questionnaire given to one hundred and thirty-three Moroccan medical students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca and answered by one hundred and eleven of them was used to collect primary data. Improvements in the management and monitoring of mental health illnesses as well as a reduction in environmental costs as a result of a decrease in patient travel to mental healthcare facilities are the most obvious reasons why medical students perceive mental health applications to be useful. The findings also indicate that medical students are less familiar with mental health apps and use them less frequently than other mobile health apps. Furthermore, downloading a mental health app, being diagnosed with mental health issues, and perceiving mobile mental health apps to be useful don’t ensure their active use among medical students. Therefore, more research on the determinants of the use of mobile mental health apps is needed. Those related to environmental protection must also be considered.

Cet article présente une synthèse des résultats d’une recherche qui a analysé les perceptions d’élèves du secondaire au sujet de la diversité sexuelle et de genre. L’étude de cas qualitative a été menée auprès de 24 participant.e.s (âgé.e.s de 17 à 18 ans) provenant d’une école secondaire du Grand Vancouver. L’analyse de leurs discours a révélé que leurs perceptions avaient tendance à réaffirmer des visions du monde hétéronormatives et cisgenres, à normaliser la diversité sexuelle et de genre, et à minimiser l’impact des idéologies homophobes et transphobes en tant que formes de discrimination systémique. Les participants garçons étaient également plus susceptibles de défendre des conceptions binaires et biologiques du genre, et de rejeter l’identité trans, suggérant un lien entre la performance sociale de la transphobie et la construction de la masculinité cishétéronormative. À partir de ces résultats, une série de huit axiomes sont présentés dans le but d’orienter le développement d’une pratique pédagogique queer et de contribuer ainsi à la création de salles de classe véritablement équitables, inclusives et critiques.

Si la traduction a longtemps occupé une place centrale dans l’enseignement des langues, elle est tombée en désuétude au XXème siècle lorsque d’autres méthodes pédagogiques furent introduites et souffre désormais d’une « mauvaise réputation ». Toutefois, depuis le XXIème siècle, de nombreuses recherches ont reconsidéré l’utilité de la traduction dans les cours de langue. Il en ressort que la traduction fait partie des stratégies d’apprentissage auxquelles les apprenants recourent fréquemment lors de l’apprentissage d’une L2 (Naiman, 1996). Dans cette étude exploratoire descriptive, il a été question d’introduire la traduction dans un cours de composition écrite avancée en français au niveau universitaire (niveau B2/C1 du CECRL) à travers une activité appelée ici « double traduction » afin d’étudier son apport possible au niveau de la précision lexicale et syntaxique. Nous nous sommes également intéressés aux perceptions des apprenants quant à l’utilité de la L1 pour améliorer leur style à l’écrit en L2.

L’entrée en vigueur de l’aide médicale à mourir (AMM) au Québec et au Canada pose la question de l’élargissement de cette prestation à des mineurs. La présence soutenue des infirmières au chevet du patient les amène à recevoir des demandes liées à l’AMM. Le but de cette étude est d’explorer les perceptions d’infirmières œuvrant en service d’oncologie pédiatrique au regard de la possibilité pour des adolescents de plus de 14 ans, de demander l’AMM. Six infirmières œuvrant en soins oncologiques ou palliatifs pédiatriques ou étant en contact direct avec des adolescents en fin de vie dans le cadre de leur travail d’infirmières ont participé à une entrevue individuelle semi-dirigée. Les résultats de cette recherche mettent en exergue que : 1) les infirmières reconnaissent leur rôle de soutien dans les soins du patient en fin de vie ; 2) la plupart ont une opinion professionnelle en faveur de l’AMM pour les adultes et distinguent celle-ci de leur opinion personnelle ; 3) elles apprécient les discussions autour de l’AMM et sont préoccupées par l’établissement des critères l’encadrant ; et 4) une longue expérience comme infirmière engendre plus de préoccupations sur l’élargissement de l’AMM, mais en même temps rend les infirmières plus à l’aise de fournir des informations à ce sujet. Au vu de ces constats, les établissements universitaires et de santé pédiatrique doivent reconnaître et évaluer la nécessité d’une formation des infirmières sur l’AMM afin de les outiller davantage face à de telles situations et ainsi, mieux répondre aux besoins de leurs patients.

This article focuses on the role of the dramaturg in the process of creating performances in which immersive audio is at the heart of the meaning-making, arguing that in immersive audio the dramaturg takes up a position of first experiencer, rather than first spectator, and that this requires a changed approach from the early stages of conceptualization through to production. Drawing on, revising and augmenting existing ideas and tools in the field of dramaturgy rather than radically dispensing with them, the article theorises three shifts in the attention of the dramaturg in such work by contrast to pre-existing practices; namely: a shift in the positioning of the dramaturg, a shift in anticipated positioning of the audience and a shift in the potential structuring of the audience’s experience. The work presented here assembles its own toolbox for immersive dramaturgy by applying George Home-Cook’s notion of “aural attention” to the dramaturgical process, expanding Elinor Fuchs’ set of dramaturgical questions to ask of a stage play, and finally offering a tool for composing dramaturgically by considering how meaning functions across “layers of perception” when creating an immersive space for an audience to inhabit.

The paper set out to explore pre-and in-service foreign language teachers’ perceptions of attributes of effective teachers in Ukraine within a framework developed by the authors of the study to unravel the construct of effective language teaching. Two groups of pre-service (n=105) and in-service (n=127) teachers were recruited using a snowball sampling technique. The independent samples t-test and MANOVA statistical procedures were utilised to analyse and compare data generated from a self-report questionnaire. The findings indicated that the highest value was assigned to the performance category of teacher effectiveness, followed by the prerequisite category, including teacher competence, with the lowest value attached to the output category. A considerable degree of convergence was observed in students’ and teachers’ views on many attributes of teacher effectiveness. Both groups endorsed such attributes as clear teaching, target language proficiency, knowledge of language pedagogy, active engagement of learners, downplaying the importance of learners’ test scores. Nevertheless, a statistically significant difference was detected between the perceptions of the two groups of subjects. The students accentuated teachers’ personality and rapport domains, as well as motivating instruction. They also endorsed traditional approaches to language teaching in giving preference to form-focused instruction. Conversely, the teachers associated effective teaching with competence, careful planning and ongoing professional development. Teachers gave precedence to current methodological approaches in favouring meaning-focused instruction. A conclusion was drawn that teachers form more sophisticated cognitions of effective teaching in the process of professional maturation, thus implying the necessity for closer attention to the development of prospective teachers’ cognitions in teacher education programmes.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel virus that has rapidly spread across countries globally, and has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). In South Africa, more that 1 million cases have been confirmed since case zero was detected in March 2020. South Africa is currently leading in the sub-Saharan African region in terms of COVID-19-related mortality and morbidity rates. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore primary health care practitioners’ perceptions and understanding regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Setting: The study was conducted at two selected primary health care facilities (a community health centre and satellite clinic) within a low-income rural context in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted to explore and describe perceptions and understanding of primary health care practitioners regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 15 participants at two different clinics situated in rural KZN, South Africa. Participants comprised of nurses, physiotherapists, pharmacists, community care givers, social workers and clinical associates. The participants were both men and women who were all above the age of 20. Data were collected through individual, in-depth face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. An audiotape was used to collect data, which were transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed manually by thematic analysis following Tech’s steps of data analysis. Results: Participants reported pre-pandemic and pandemic perceptions of fear, denial, expectancy and a perceived poor preparation for the COVID-19 outbreak. The findings also revealed participants’ misperceptions regarding the nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and unrealistic expectations of occupational compensations for working during the outbreak. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that primary health care practitioners generally have negative perceptions and understanding regarding the pandemic because of misinformation obtained from social media. Interventions to support health care practitioners are necessary to mitigate the potentially negative implications of health practitioners’ misconceptions on service delivery and their mental health.

Introduction: The electronic cigarette is a new-generation smoking product whose mechanism of use could, in theory, minimize adverse health effects., Aim: Determine the knowledge and perceptions of a sample of Tunisian doctors regarding electronic cigarettes., Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over a two-month period with a sample of Tunisian doctors. We used an online self-questionnaire on physicians' knowledge and perceptions of e-cigarettes., Results: Data were obtained from 216 physicians. Of the participants, 97.2% were familiar with e-cigarettes, 56.5% reported low knowledge, and 83.4% expressed motivation to learn more about e-cigarettes. Overall, 83.8% of doctors felt that electronic cigarettes are harmful to the user's health. Use of this product would increase the risk of cancer according to 73.1% of participants, the risk of cardiovascular disease according to 68.5% of participants, and the risk of chronic lung disease according to 79.2% of participants. The perception of e-cigarettes as harmful to the user's health was associated with the physicians' medical specialty (p=0.032). The recommendation of e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool was negatively correlated with addictology training (p=0.027)., Conclusions: Physicians' knowledge of electronic cigarettes is heterogeneous, reflecting the current lack of information and consensus.

Les stratégies d’adaptation développées par les populations rurales en général et les éleveurs en particulier face aux dérèglements climatiques traduisent globalement leur perception. Ainsi, la bonne ou la mauvaise perception des changements climatiques détermine la pertinence des mesures d’adaptation. La présente étude a eu pour objectif d’analyser la perception des changements climatiques par les éleveurs de bovins et leur pertinence par rapport aux observations météorologiques dans le bassin de l’Ouémé supérieur au Bénin. Cette analyse s’est appuyée sur la collecte des données météorologiques (pluviométrie et température) sur la période de 1980 à 2019 et des données socioanthropologiques issues d’enquêtes de terrain. Trois cents éleveurs de bovins ont été interviewés. Les principales données collectées sur le terrain étaient relatives aux caractéristiques sociodémographiques et à la perception des changements climatiques. Les données météorologiques ont été analysées selon l’indice standardisé des précipitations et les données de terrain selon la méthode fréquentielle. Les résultats ont révélé que les éleveurs percevaient une augmentation de la température moyenne et un prolongement de la saison sèche, ce qui correspondait aux observations météorologiques. En revanche, leur perception d’une diminution des extrêmes pluviométriques, d’une augmentation des extrêmes thermométriques, d’une fin précoce de la saison pluvieuse, d’une installation de plus en plus tardive de la saison des pluies et d’une durée plus courte de la saison des pluies était contraire aux observations météorologiques. La prise en compte de la perception des éleveurs de bovins dans l’élaboration des politiques d’adaptation aux changements climatiques contribuerait fortement au développement durable du secteur d’élevage.

The sudden switch to online teaching enforced by the covid-19 pandemic has impacted teacher education at universities, particularly micro-teachings and teaching practice, as technology has become an inherent part of these processes. The growing body of literature on online teaching and teacher education during lockdown conditions mainly addresses challenges in teacher education and educator perceptions. However, very few studies deal with the perceptions of student- teachers. To fill this gap, a group of teacher educators conducted a research study with 63 students enrolled in a master’s Degree in Teaching efl for Secondary Schools offered at Masaryk University, Czechia. To carry it out, qualitative coding procedures were employed on a dataset of 120 lesson reflections written by students completing their teaching practice via online courses which were ordinarily conducted in person. The purpose was to find out how student-teachers perceived technology use when teaching online. The main findings show that, despite constant comparison between the face-to-face and online classrooms and an initial reliance on the success of technology to determine a lesson’s success, the majority of student-teachers normalized technology as a platform for teaching, using technology-specific language for teaching strategies and classroom events. These findings suggest that online teaching and learning should be seen as an integral part of teacher education.

This initial research report aimed to explore the impact on students’ and teachers’ learning and teaching expectations of an English Course containing English for Specific Purposes (ESP), Saber Pro samples, and the use of graded audiobooks by interpreting students and teachers’ perceptions. Data was gathered through a survey and a focus group interview. The initial findings revealed that the current syllabus was designed efficiently in terms of layout, but certain aspects concerning content, language level, methodology, and evaluation needed to be adjusted. The interpretation of this academic community’s perceptions resulted in the reconstruction of the course syllabus.

Ce texte vise à étudier les perceptions d’étudiant·es de leurs apprentissages en lien avec des sentiments/émotions lors de tâches de production et de réception de feedbacks entre pairs articulées dans un dispositif d’évaluation continue pour apprendre. Les résultats montrent que les tâches de production et de réception de feedbacks peuvent provoquer des émotions positives qui peuvent augmenter la motivation et l’implication dans les tâches, des émotions négatives désactivantes, qui peuvent diminuer la motivation et l’implication, et des émotions négatives activantes, qui peuvent favoriser l’apprentissage. En particulier, des émotions de doutes et de déstabilisation face à la maîtrise des contenus peuvent susciter un besoin d’apprendre, qui, combiné à une certaine pression évaluative et à un sentiment de responsabilité, semblent représenter un véritable tremplin pour la régulation des apprentissages. Cette étude donne à voir qu’il est particulièrement important de prendre en compte les dimensions affectives lors de l’implémentation d’évaluation entre pairs à l’université.

The introduction of medical assistance in dying (MAID) in Quebec and Canada raises the question of extending this service to minors. The constant presence of nurses at the patient's bedside leads them to receive requests related to MAID. The aim of this study is to explore the perceptions of nurses working in paediatric oncology services concerning the possibility for adolescents over 14 years of age requesting MAID. Six nurses working in paediatric oncology or palliative care or in direct contact with adolescents at the end of their lives as part of their nursing work took part in an individual semidirected interview. The results of this research highlight that: 1) nurses recognise their supportive role in the care of patients at the end of life; 2) most have a professional opinion in favour of the MAID for adults and distinguish this from their personal opinion; 3) they value the discussions around the MAID and are concerned about the establishment of criteria for it; and 4) long experience as a nurse leads to more concerns about the expansion of the MAID, but at the same time makes nurses more comfortable providing information about this subject. In light of these findings, academic and paediatric health care institutions need to recognise and evaluate the need for training nurses on MAID to better equip them to deal with such situations and thus better meet the needs of their patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: The Higher Institute of Nursing Sciences (ISSI) has initiated a reform of its teaching program according to the LMD system (License-Master-Ph D) and adopted a competency-based approach (CBA). Aims: To explore the perceptions and attitudes of the teachers of the ISSI, the main actors of the reform, faced with the introduction of the CBA and its implementation in nursing education. Methods: A phenomenological design with semi-directed interviews has been carried out with four permanent and visitor teachers of the ISSI who engaged in the training of the first cohort of students of the CBA-based program. Results: The participants recognize encouraging transformations in teaching, learning and assessment in CBA. The CBA gives place for a greater learner responsibility, a better cohesion of the learner's training path through effective collaboration within the team of trainers, and to the change of the role of teachers form "master" to facilitator. Supporting teachers throughout the change process facilitated the integration of the various actors and reduced initial reluctance. The new initiative involves additional expenses that the institution has to deal with. Conclusion: The context of the ISSI, which initially trained a very limited number of students, was an asset for the introduction of CBA. The training and support of the trainers' team was a decisive element for the adherence of the players and the successful implementation of the CBA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay introduces the celebrated nineteenth-century Russian Armenian seascape painter Ivan (Hovhannes) Aivazovsky’s (1817-1900) Massacre of the Armenians in Trebizond in 1895 as one of the most important of the artist’s multifarious responses to the systematic series of massacres unleashed upon the Ottoman Armenian population during 1894-1897. An important document of intellectual engagement with a recorded event of wholesale massacre, the work is presented as an early manifestation of atrocity imagery within an Armenian historical context, radically introducing the representation of violence into an already established Russian Armenian visual taxonomy of Ottoman Armenian victimhood. It is a work that survives only through its mediated reproduction in Russian Armenian lawyer and editor Grigor Djanshiev’s illustrated Russian language Fraternal Help for the Suffering of the Armenians in Turkey, a tome produced to raise funds for the survivors of the mass violence and publicise the events to a wider audience. The essay examines the claim as implied in the work’s caption of the image as truthful depiction of an actual well-documented event, the 8 October 1895 massacre in the eponymous city, and asks whether it represents, rather, an imagined dramatization subordinating human drama to the artist’s customary concern for a Romantic aesthetic. The essay further considers the propagandistic attributes of the work, manifested via its mass circulation and wide dissemination, particularly as incorporated into Fraternal Help.

INTRODUCTION: With the increase in life expectancy, women will live longer during their postmenopausal period. To improve their quality of life, they should be aware of what challenges they will be facing. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of middle-aged women towards menopause. METHODS: in this cross-sectional study, data collected using a multistage clustered random sampling from 54 health centres in the Democratic Republic of Congo were used. Participants filled a questionnaire derived from the menopause rating scale and from local beliefs. The knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards menopause were evaluated among pre- and postmenopausal women. RESULTS: of the 353 women, both pre- and postmenopausal women knew the definition of menopause but for the symptoms, postmenopausal women were more informed than premenopausal. For the attitudes and practices towards menopause, while both had equally positive attitudes, the premenopausal women did not know which practices to adopt. CONCLUSION: Congolese women had limited knowledge, positive attitudes and unconventional practices towards menopause. Health-care providers, therefore, need to dispense appropriate advice to middle-aged women before the advent of menopause.

INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is highly preventable and curable if diagnosed and treated early, however, it is still the leading cause of death among women. Despite efforts to increase cervical cancer screening, its uptake is still low. The purpose of the study was to investigate the perspectives of registered nurses on barriers of cervical cancer screening in Swaziland.METHODS: an exploratory qualitative design was used for the study. Face to face in depth interviews were conducted with 15 registered nurses using an interview guide. The study was conducted in four clinics from both the private and public sectors, which were purposively sampled. Interviews were captured using an audio recording device, they were transcribed verbatim and then analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: four themes emerged which were deterrents to cervical cancer screening. These were perceived client barriers, health care system related barriers, nurse related barriers and the nature of the procedure. CONCLUSION: these barriers to service provision need to be addressed by extensive health education to women as well as the cervical cancer screening programme to provide all resources required to increase the uptake of screening.

INTRODUCTION: Quality improvement teams facilitate improvement in the performance of the health facilities and simultaneously improving the quality of health services. There is scanty information on the factors associated with performance of quality improvement teams. This study aimed to assess the perceptions of members of the quality improvement teams on the factors influencing the performance of quality improvement teams in regional referral hospitals in Tanzania. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four regional referral hospitals in Tanzania. We used self-administered questionnaires to collect data from 61 members of quality improvement teams. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the perceived factors influencing team performance. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to test the association between perceptions of the team members and factors associated with team performance. RESULTS: The overall mean perception score on team performance was high at 27.51 ± 4.62. Five factors namely: training (83.6%); communication (75.1%); team cohesiveness (71.5%); clarity of roles and responsibility (70.2%); team size and composition (65.5%); and self-assessment and learning (56.2%) were considered as the main drivers of team performance. Inadequate management support obtained the lowest score (36.1%). Multivariable regression analysis established a significant association between training, communication, clarity of roles and responsibilities, team size and composition, self-assessment and learning, management support and team performance. CONCLUSION: Inadequate management support to the team was found to be a barrier to team performance. Managerial interventions should focus on provision of coaching and mentoring to the team while addressing resource challenges affecting the team performance.

INTRODUCTION: the phenomenon of unintended adolescent pregnancy continues to be a reproductive and public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Healthcare providers play an important role in influencing the use of contraceptives among adolescent girls. This study assessed knowledge and perceptions of healthcare providers regarding the use of modern contraceptives among adolescent girls in Umlazi Township, KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. METHODS: this was a descriptive study involving 35 healthcare providers covering all 10 primary healthcare clinics in Umlazi Township. Data collected through a structured questionnaire were coded, entered into Epi data Manager (version 4.6) and exported to STATA (version 15.0) for analysis. RESULTS: of the thirty-five healthcare providers that participated in this study, professional nurses (54.3%) and enrolled nurses (17.1%) constituted the majority. The mean age of the participants was 42.11 years, with 88.6% being females. More than a third (37.1%) of healthcare providers did not know whether or not modern contraceptives make users promiscuous, while more than half (57%) had negative attitudes towards adolescents exploring contraceptive methods. Healthcare providers viewed health systems challenges, such as poor working conditions, long queues, and contraceptives stock-outs, as deterrents towards the provision of quality sexual behaviour counselling and modern contraceptive education to users. CONCLUSION: poor health systems and negative behaviours by healthcare providers influences the delivery of family planning services in primary healthcare clinics and serve as barriers to quality family planning services provided to younger women.

L’habileté à communiquer oralement est importante en sciences, mais peu d’outils évaluent les perceptions et l’attitude d’étudiants de programmes scientifiques envers la communication orale en sciences. Cette recherche propose la création, d’une part, d’un modèle théorique de la communication orale en sciences et, d’autre part, d’un questionnaire conforme à ce modèle intitulé Perceptions et attitude envers la communication orale en sciences (PACOS) pour des étudiants du postsecondaire. Un échantillon total de 1295 étudiants collégiaux québécois en sciences de la nature a participé à cette recherche en répondant aux trois versions successives du questionnaire PACOS tout au long de son élaboration. Cinq facteurs ont été identifiés par des analyses en composantes principales (ACP) et par une analyse factorielle confirmatoire (AFC), soit le plaisir, l’anxiété, la perception de la pertinence ainsi que deux aspects du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle lors d’une communication orale en sciences (SEPCOS) qui ont émergé lors de l’élaboration du questionnaire : le SEPCOS « normes et contenu », qui porte sur l’efficacité à bien s’exprimer oralement, et le SEPCOS « sens du spectacle », qui décrit plutôt la façon d’être et de capter l’attention du public. L’évaluation globale du PACOS montre que ce questionnaire a de bonnes qualités psychométriques et que les facteurs obtenus lors du processus de validation soutiennent le modèle théorique.

The ability to communicate orally is important in science, but few tools assess students’ perceptions and attitude toward scientific oral communication in scientific programs. This research developed the Perceptions and attitude towards oral communication in science (PAOCS) questionnaire for postsecondary students with the theoretical model associated. A sample of 1,295 Quebec college students in a natural sciences program participated in this research, responding to the three versions of the questionnaire during the stages of its development. Principal component analyses (PCA) followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) made it possible to identify five factors for the PAOCS questionnaire: pleasure, anxiety, perceived relevance, and two aspects of self-efficacy (SEOCS), namely the Norms & Content SEOCS, which relates to the effectiveness in expressing oneself orally, and the Showmanship SEOCS , which describes rather how to be dynamic and capture the attention of the audience. The overall evaluation of the PAOCS shows that this questionnaire has good psychometric qualities and that the components obtained during the validation process support the theoretical model.

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Introduction. La sexualité est une occupation qui contribue à la santé, au bien-être et à la vie affective. Toutefois, l’intégration de cette occupation au sein de la pratique en ergothérapie représente un défi en raison de nombreuses barrières. Objectif. Explorer les perceptions des ergothérapeutes membres d’un groupe d’intérêt virtuel en sexualité en matière d’habilitation à l’occupation de la sexualité, ainsi que leurs perceptions au sujet du soutien reçu dans le cadre de ce groupe. Méthodes. Cette étude exploratoire a été réalisée auprès de 25 ergothérapeutes qui ont participé aux échanges du groupe d’intérêt en ligne ou à la collecte de données via un questionnaire en ligne. Les données qualitatives ont été analysées par thématiques et les données quantitatives ont été analysées par des statistiques descriptives. Résultats. La moitié (50 %) des participants ont indiqué qu’il est difficile d’intégrer l’occupation de la sexualité dans leur pratique. Les stratégies d’habilitation aux occupations considérées comme les plus utiles et les plus importantes étaient celles d’éduquer et d’adapter. Un quart (25 %) des participants rapportent que le groupe d’intérêt les a aidés à aborder la sexualité avec leurs clients, alors que 37,5 % mentionnent que le groupe permet le soutien et le partage. Conclusion. Un groupe d’intérêt pour ergothérapeutes peut avoir des retombées positives sur les perceptions de ses membres en ce qui a trait à l’habilitation à l’occupation de la sexualité. Les barrières et les stratégies d’habilitation identifiées par les participants permettront d’orienter de futures initiatives visant à améliorer la pratique ergothérapique en rapport avec l’occupation de la sexualité. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Introduction. Sexuality is an occupation that contributes to health, well-being and emotional balance. However, integrating this occupation into occupational therapy practice represents a challenge due to many barriers. Objective. To explore the perceptions of occupational therapists regarding the enablement strategies for the occupation of sexuality as well as their perception of the support they have received from a virtual interest group in sexuality. Methods. This exploratory study was carried out with 25 occupational therapists who participated in the exchanges of an interest group online or in the data collection via an online questionnaire. Thematic analysis were conducted for qualitative data and quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results. 50% of participants indicated that it is difficult to integrate the area of sexuality in their practice. The most useful and important strategies for enabling sexuality were those of educating and adapting. 25% of participants reported that the interest group helped them to approach sexuality with their clients while 37.5% mentioned that the group provided support and sharing occasions. Conclusion. An interest group regarding habilitation to the occupation of sexuality for occupational therapists can lead to positive repercussions on the perceptions of its members regarding sexuality. The barriers and enablement strategies identified with the participants will help guide future initiatives aimed at improving occupational therapy practice in habilitation to the occupation of sexuality.

The objective of this study was to examine the perceptions and behaviors of Gambian adults in response to COVID-19 social mitigation strategies. An online survey of 200 respondents was conducted. The survey inquired about respondents´ motivation to comply with a social distancing strategy and their ability to adopt 3 recommended social distancing strategies (avoiding public transport without wearing facemask, avoiding public gatherings and self-isolation). Respondents were also asked about the level of trust they had in the information about COVID-19 from the government and their confidence in the handling of the COVID-19 situation by the authorities. (52%) of respondents reported that they would be motivated to comply with a social distancing strategy because they believed it is the right thing to do. Avoiding public transport without wearing facemask (n=154, 78.9%), followed by avoiding public gatherings (n=143, 73.3%) were considered to have high to very high capacity to adopt ratings among respondents. Whereas, only (n=132, 68.7%) thought that their ability to self-isolate, would be high to very high. Only (n=87, 44.2%) stated that they have high to very high level of trust in the information about COVID-19 from the government. The rest, (n=110, 55.8%) ranked their trust level as intermediate, low, very low or don´t know. Majority of respondents (n=114, 58.7%) disagreed to strongly disagreed that the authorities are doing a good job in handling the COVID-19 situation. These findings can be used to improve adoption of COVID-19 mitigation strategies and ensure trust and confidence in response efforts.

Cet article étudie les perceptions d’étudiant·es universitaires de tâches de production et de réception de feedbacks entre pairs articulées dans un dispositif d’évaluation continue (faisant se rejoindre évaluations formative et certificative) conçu dans une vision d’évaluation soutient d’apprentissage (AfL) et d’évaluation comme moyen pour apprendre (AaL). L’analyse inductive des perceptions des étudiant·es montre des apprentissages en profondeur liés à la compréhension des concepts et au développement de diverses compétences « transversales » (compétences réflexives, compétences communicationnelles, bienveillance, empathie, compétences collaboratives, compétences évaluatives). Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière de la recherche sur les feedbacks entre pairs.