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Describes the activities and growth of ABRATES (Brazilian Translators Association). This association, although private in character and financed by members' dues, has gained government recognition, has helped to organize courses for translators, and has taken the first steps to protect the rights of the translator, demanding appropriate labor legislation measures. (MES)

The study aimed to know the negative and positive effects of electronic commerce on the workforce, and to address the provisions that came in the legislation of the countries of the interior with regard to employment in the field of electronic commerce, or international agreements in this regard. The study reached several results, the most important of which are: There are legal obstacles related to regulations and laws in terms of their availability and application between countries. And the absence of an adequate and clear legislative framework regulating e-commerce, especially in developing countries, and that labor legislation did not address any legal rules or provisions related to electronic commerce, unlike many other areas of work that have given rise to many legal provisions. The study recommended several recommendations, the most important of which are: the necessity of building a legal legal system for all areas of e-commerce because it has become a reality, the legal rules that regulate it and attention to legal rules and provisions should be found by labor legislation in countries and organizations for groups of workers who work in the field of electronic commerce, in order to provide legal protection for them , And preserve the economic and social rights of countries in providing job opportunities for the unemployed.

The contratista de viñaswas a central figure in the development of Mendoza wineindustry sincethe late 19th century. The particularities of this occupational category have generated a debate on whether these workersaresalaried or independent (entrepreneurs) workers. From a historical perspective, this paperstudies the process of identity and legal construction of the contratistaas a rural workerand studies, in particular, the struggle of the workers and the participation of the State in thisprocess. The documentary corpus used is based on bibliography of political and social leaders, parliamentary discussions and newspapers.

In the context of a labor market with normative dimensions in constant evolution, the employee status is quite difficult. In consistence with the principle of protecting employee rights, labor law has imposed new measures that counterbalance the employer‟s position of authority within the employment relationship, both at European and national levels. These include the obligation to inform the employee about the essential elements of his working relationship, obligation established at European level by Council Directive 91/533/EEC of 14 October 1991, and at national level by the Labor Code.