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The theoretical study of Chinese technological innovation assumes the perspective of prototype structure of scientific being, and consists of four directions of investigations: ontological study of innovation cognition, behavior study of innovation cognition, subjects of innovation cognition, and subjective material foundation of innovation cognition. The study aims to obtain technological innovation capacity through construction of an external technological innovation system. However, an external system would necessarily result in redundancy of systems and decreased operability. For the purpose of environmental friendliness and resource conservation, it is vital for our technological innovation to ignite the intrinsic innovation vitality of the system. Therefore the endogenous mechanism of innovation is the scientific direction to take for the theoretical study of technological innovation.

Using the CNKI database as the sample source, we investigated the makeup of current research results on Chinese technological innovation, and found that the study of Chinese technological innovation consists of nine directions - underlying principles of innovation behavior, concepts of innovation cognition, methods of innovation, behavior of innovation subjects, structure of innovation mediators, innovation capacity, public service system of innovation, policy support system of innovation, and cultural environment of innovation, as well as several issues of innovation, including its behavior mechanism, operational mechanism, work mechanism, modes of implementation, modes of mathematical representation, modes of physical representation, modes of behavioral representation, modes of performance representation, modes of function realization, modes of structure realization, modes of workflow realization, modes of carrier realization, etc. Such a scattered makeup requires us to formulate the system of Chinese technological innovation achievements from the perspective of philosophy of science. This will be an important mission in the study of Chinese technological innovation.