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Organizational culture has always been a mainstream issue of research in the field of organizations, and its connotation has been gradually enriched, perfected and presented a trend of diversification. Innovation is perceived as a critical factor in helping enterprises to retain competitive advantages, while employee innovation behaviour is thought to be the basis for enterprises to innovate. Using the definitions proposed by Chinese and foreign scholars in the past decade for reference and from the perspective of social cognitive theory, this paper, in the form of an argumentative essay, mainly to elaborate the connotation of organizational culture as well as the concept of employee innovation behavior, and it studies on the impact mechanism of organizational culture on employees and defines the research concepts on the impact of employee innovation behavior. And therefore the paper introduces the state of related research in China and abroad by outlining and summarizing the existing research, and points out that an organization creating atmosphere of encouragement for innovation can stimulate the employee’s sense of self-efficacy and further make the individuals sense of self-reliance, sense of efficacy, which in turn leads to a sense of innovation among individual employees. This paper theoretically shows that organizational culture plays a rather positive part in guiding individual employee to display innovative behaviors, and by summarizing and reviewing the existing studies, it points out the future development prospect of this field, which will provide reference and help for the subsequent researchers to carry out their studies.