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This paper mainly deals with the classification of text type data. The statistics show that more than 8000 articles have been reached in all kinds of documents retrieved by the optical network. However, there are few papers on the factors that affect the classification of text. The text classification method used is important, but the internal factors sometimes play a great role, and even affect the success or failure of the whole text classification. In order to make up for this deficiency, this paper selects the Rocchio algorithm as the classification method, mainly from the category clustering density, class complexity, category definition, stop words and document’s length five internal factors, we tested their influences on text classification by the experiment. Experiment shows that the clustering density is higher and the complexity of the lower class, class definition is higher, the higher the accuracy of text classification, text classification effect is better, and better effect to text stop words, the length of the text does not directly affect the effect of text classification, but according to the text classification algorithm is more suitable to choose the length of the document.