Migrant workers, college students, urban workers, entrepreneurs and technical personnel who love agriculture and are willing to return to countryside are the main body of rural economic innovation. They are a new driving force for promoting the development of agricultural and rural economy and solving the problems of agriculture, rural areas and peasants. The government has issued several policies to encourage these people to start businesses in countryside. However, whether the policy measures have achieved the expected policy objectives and whether they can effectively promote rural economic innovation are a question worth discussing. Taking the case Han chuan City of Hubei Province as an example, this paper uses field study to show the characteristics of the main body of rural economic innovation and explore the practical effects and existing problems of policies for promoting rural economic innovation. The results show that the multiplier effect of the main body of rural economic innovation has not really been played out. The main reasons include the limitation of policy making, inadequacy implementation of policy and insufficient incentives. Finally, it is concluded that the government should strengthen the training of entrepreneurial farmers, create a favourable industrial and policy environment and encourage high level and highly skilled personnel to come to countryside.