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The odor in a car can have a negative impact on human health, mood, and mentality. Therefore, it is imperative to find an appropriate method to trace the odor and identify the substances that cause it. Three odor testing methods were utilized to evaluate seat-related materials. Subjective evaluation still holds an advantage in odor typing, and many odor types of vehicles and seats are inevitably correlated. By combining subjective and objective methods, 11 types of odor substances can be identified using GC-MSODP. Based on these substances, the relationship with the odor type can be determined in a single step. As a purely objective testing method, GC-IMS can identify 16 types of odor substances by leveraging its principle advantages, which can replace the olfactory identification of the ODP process, reduce harm to personnel, and also facilitate large-scale testing. Degree analysis and other procedures can be employed to effectively control product consistency. However, to achieve better odor traceability and consistency control, it is necessary to develop accurate quantitative methods for GC-IMS.

The selection of mobile phase is significant for the separation result of HPLC, for it may have influence on the quantitative analysis. During HPLC analysis, engineers usually use (water-acetonitrile) mobile phase system to separate aldehydes and ketones, however, the existence of acetone will affect the separation effect of other substances. The paper researches one new (water-acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran) mobile phase system to separate aldehydes and ketones. By analyzing the standard curves and test results of unknown samples, the new mobile phase can meet the analyzing needs, also it can eliminate the influence of acetone in the analysis process. What’s more, the paper uses molecular simulation[1–3] (MS) to calculate the interactions between the mobile phase and the aldehydes and ketones, mean square displacement value (MSD) and radial distribution function value (RDF), and the separation phenomenon can be well explained. In this paper, MS technology is first proposed for the development of new mobile phase, which can predict new unknown mobile phase, improve the efficiency of method development, also it can benefit the accurate qualitative analysis and prediction of peak out behavior of unknown substances.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are common emitting substances in vehicle interior parts and materials, with a wide range of boiling points (50-250°C) and a polarity range ranging from medium to non-polar, at least 200 species. Currently, VOC sampling mainly uses Tenax TA sorbent for collection, which has good stability and is suitable for weakly polar to non-polar substances between C6-C16. But there are many types of VOC substances, and each substance has its unique characteristics. Tenax TA is not suitable for all substances, and it is not the best sorbent choice for substances with medium polarity or low carbon number. In recent years, the vehicle and indoor environmental standards are open to the selection of sorbent, no longer limiting the type of sorbent sorbent, and more sampling tubes mixed with different sorbent types have emerged to achieve the best sampling results. After summarizing the common emitted substances in the car, this article selects 6 common types of sorbents or mixed sorbents for substance collection, and searches for the optimal sorbent type for each substance.

2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DIPEMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GlyMA) were used for the investigation of the redox-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization, by using poly (ethylene oxide)-4-(4-Cyanopentanoic acid) dithiobenzoate (mPEG-CPADB) as the macro-chain-transfer agent (macro-CTA). The particle growth process study indicated that the particles changed from spheres to worms, and then to vesicles during the polymerization process. The degree of polymerization (DP) of the hydrophobic block P(DIPEMA-co-GlyMA) affected the particle morphology, particle diameter and molecular weight significantly. Pure polymeric vesicles could be obtained when DP was equal to or higher than 60, and with increasing of the DP of the hydrophobic block, the diameter and the molecular weight of the particles both increased.

Polymeric vesicles with tertiary amine and epoxy functional groups were fabricated via the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization of 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DIPEMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GlyMA) in an ethanol-water mixture by using poly (ethylene oxide)-4-(4-Cyanopentanoic acid) dithiobenzoate (mPEG45-CPADB) as the macro-chain-transfer agent (macro-CTA). Biocompatible polymer mPEG45 with molecular weight of 2000 and 4-(4-Cyanopentanoic acid) dithiobenzoate (CPADB) were used for the macro-CTA synthesizing via the esterification reaction. Investigation of the degree of polymerization (DP) of the hydrophobic block P(DIPEMA-co-GlyMA) and the solid content indicated that both have significant effect on the particle morphology and particle diameter. 1H NMR and FTIR analysis indicated the existing of tertiary amine and epoxy functional groups on the produced vesicles.

The coal accumulation in the M coalfield occurred in the Early-Middle Jurassic. There are three main coal-bearing strata in the M coalfield, the Early Jurassic Talicike Formation, the Yangxia Formation and the Middle Jurassic Kizilenur Formation. Based on the sequence stratigraphic division and sedimentary environment analysis of 85 Jurassic wells in the Kubai Basin, and the compilation of sequence stratigraphic correlation profiles for 20 well-connected wells, this paper comprehensively studies the drilling, logging, outcrop, core and paleontological data. This paper establishes the isochronous sequence stratigraphic correlation framework of the Jurassic in the Kubai Basin with third-order sequences as units. Finally, this paper studies the sequence stratigraphic characteristics and lithofacies paleogeography of each Jurassic sequence in the M coalfield.

Based on the research from 2000 to 2020 in China Knowledge Resource Database (CNKI) as the data source, with the help of CiteSpace V and VOSviewer digital technology, a knowledge map is drawn on the number of articles, issuing organizations and keywords of underground space landscape in China. Visualization technology shows the relationship between the structure, evolution, and cooperation of underground space and landscape research, and intuitively shows the research hotspots and frontier dynamics of underground space landscape in China. The experiments results show that the underground space landscape was in its infancy before 2003, and then it began to develop rapidly. At present, underground space landscape research in China mainly focuses on hot spots such as landscape design, urban underground space, and public space. Through the visualized map analysis of the underground space landscape literature, it shows the use of new energy and new technology to create energy-saving underground buildings will become a new research trend.

Regional comprehensive energy is the focus of current research, and electric vehicles are an important part of regional energy. The orderly participation of regional EV groups in demand response for optimal scheduling of charge and discharge can not only save the charging cost of EV owners, but also smooth the load fluctuation caused by EV charging. In this paper, an Integrated Energy Electric Vehicle Scheduling Model Based on Prospect Theory is proposed. Firstly, the optimal charging and discharging strategy of each Electric Vehicle is obtained Based on the price demand response Model. Secondly, a decision-making method of participation willingness based on the prospect theory is proposed to consider the risk bias of EV owners. Finally, a case study is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with electric vehicles participating in random charging, the optimization model proposed in this paper reduces the cost by 32% and the average hourly load by 67%.

CFD technology isused to simulate the PV/T air collector with gradually expanding and shrinking channels, and thegradually expanding and shrinking channels have influence on the temperature of the heat absorbing plate and the temperature outlet air of the PV/T air collector is analyzed.The resultshowsthat the expanding and shrinking channels have adverse effectson the massairflow in the collector,causing the temperature of the heat absorption plate to rise.Increasing the mcan effectively reduce the temperature of the heat absorption plate and enhancethe photoelectricefficiency of the system,and thetemperatureof air outlet will be enhanced.However, themassflowhas greater influence on the outlet temperature, and the increase of the mass flowmakes the outlet temperature decreasemore obvious. As the air mass flow increases, the temperature difference between m=0.0081and m=0.0169will increase. When the massflow is 0.0029kg/s, the temperature difference is 1.69℃; when the massflow is 0.0169, the temperature difference is 2.35℃.

A numerical study of heat and mass transfer characteristics of a two-inlet PV/T air collector is performed. The influence of thermal characteristics and efficiency is investigated as the area ratios of inlet and outlet of the single channel with two inlets are changed. The design of the two-inlet PV/T air collector can avoid the poor heat transfer conditions of the single inlet PV/T air collector and improve the total photo-thermal efficiency. When the inlet/outlet cross-sectional area ratio is reduced, the inlet air from the second inlet enhances the convection heat transfer in the second duct and the temperature distribution is more uniform. As the cross-sectional area of the second inlet increase, the maximum heat exchange amount of the two-inlet PV/T air collector occurs between the inlet and outlet cross-sectional area ratio L=0.645 and L=0.562.