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L'ingestion de corps étranger de l'ésophage est un motif fréquent de consultation aux urgences pédiatriques. Cependant le phénomène peut se retrouver à tous les âges. Les auteurs décrivent les caractéristiques cliniques, paracliniques et thérapeutiques des corps étrangers enclavés dans l'ésophage pris en charge à l'hôpital du Mali. Il s'agit d'une étude prospective, menée entre janvier 2011 et décembre 2014 incluant tous les cas d'ingestion de corps étrangers enclavés dans l'ésophage. Au total 36 patients ont été pris en charge par des moyens endoscopiques ou chirurgicaux. L'âge moyen était de 6 ans (extrêmes: 14 mois- 62 ans). Le sexe masculin était dominant avec un sexe ratio de 1,75. Les corps étrangers étaient bloqués dans le rétrécissement crico-pharyngien dans 69,45% des cas suivi du rétrécissement aortique dans 22,22% des cas. Le délai d'extraction du corps étranger en moyenne était de 7 heures 30. La fibroscopie rigide a permis l'extraction du corps étranger dans 88,89% des cas. Une chirurgie par thoracotomie a permis d'extraire le corps étranger dans 5,55%. Les corps étrangers de l'ésophage peuvent se retrouver à tout âge mais restent plus fréquent chez l'enfant. L'extraction endoscopique est la man'uvre la plus réalisée mais la chirurgie pour extraction d'un corps étranger bloqué dans l'ésophage bien que rare reste le dernier recours à cause souvent de leur nature et de la survenue des complications. Le meilleur moyen pour lutter contre ces accidents reste la prévention.

In areas with complex stratigraphic lithology, the relationship between the penetration rate and drilling parameters should be fully considered to optimize the drilling process and improve drilling efficiency. The most frequently utilized methods for performing parameter optimization through correlation analysis are the correlation coefficient, principal component analysis, and grey correlation. The correlation coefficient method solely evaluates the extent of linear correlation between two variables, it cannot be applied to the non-linear connection between penetration rate and drilling parameters. The application of principal component analysis may produce inaccurate experimental findings due to the intricate and poorly co-varying nature of drilling parameters. The grey correlation method can lead to the substantial bias in the results because of the vast quantity of data analysed. Based on the vast quantity of data, using the copula function, the big data analysis method analyses the nonlinear relationship between penetration rate and drilling parameters. It constructs a united distribution function expression to determine the optimal parameter selection criteria. The in-situ drilling data from dozens of wells in the Chepaizi area are collected and optimized six types of parameters. The optimal parameter combination is determined. Following field investigation, there was a noteworthy increase of 34.83% in the average penetration rate.

The X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), weight loss corrosion rate, corrosion residual strength (CRS), and slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) methods were used to study the effects of the addition of rare earth Erbium (Er) on the dynamic corrosion mechanical properties of the AM50 magnesium alloy. The results show that after Er was added, a new phase of Al3Er appeared and the microstructure was refined. The corrosion resistance of rare earth Er addition to the alloy was 0.5% > 1.5% > 1.0% > 0. Furthermore, the corrosion rates decreased in 432 h. The CRS results within 168 h show that the strength after an addition of 0.5% Er was the highest and the decline rate was the smallest. According to the shape of the tensile curve of CRS and the morphology of the tensile fracture, the addition of rare earth Er did not change the fracture form of the alloy, which remained as quasi-cleavage.

La creación consciente y sistemática del microrrelato en China surgió en los años 80 del siglo pasado, casi coincidiendo con el auge del microrrelato español. Es un género nuevo e independiente, que está de moda y ahora se encuentra en grandes cantidades en Internet, sobre todo en las redes sociales, como por ejemplo, en Twitter. Actualmente la Tuitescritura y la Tuiteratura son muy populares en el mundo. Lamentablemente, por ciertas razones, no se puede utilizar Twitter en nuestro país. Sin embargo, siempre tenemos algo en sustitución. Weibo, el Twitter chino, es el más utilizado y bienvenido entre los ciudadanos. En Weibo, cada mensaje no puede pasar de 140 hanzy (caracteres chinos), esto significa que el microrrelato tiene que ser muy breve y conciso. Asimismo, debe mantener las características del género, siendo sobre todo imprescindibles la narratividad y la ficción. Por lo tanto, se exigen una creación muy cuidada y un escritor con un nivel bastante alto de narración y expresión. En este artículo analizaremos los microrrelatos de Weibo, descubriendo las similitudes que ofrecen respecto al microrrelato hispano. Asimismo, reivindicaremos el estudio de este amplio espacio de creación popular por parte de la investigación académica.

Livestock pollution is one of the main sources of agricultural pollution, which has a negative impact on the global environment. Monitoring, simulation and early warning of major pollutants emitted from livestock production is of great significance for reducing agricultural pollution. Especially, real-time comprehensive monitoring and early warning of the concentration and distribution of harmful gases could improve the harm of livestock production to people, livestock itself and the environment, and increase the safety level of livestock production. This study focused on the perception and monitoring of the discharge status of livestock farming simulation technics, mainly to carry out Internet of Things-based monitoring of the main components of livestock culture pollutants, and to use odor gas air dispersion software “ModOdor” to simulate the spread of pollutants. This study was aimed to determine the characteristics of pollutant diffusion in typical farms, which could provide decision reference to odor hygienic buffer zone and minimum shelter distance to achieve the ecological and safety objectives of livestock farming.

With the development of modern information technology, the three-dimensional design technology is widely applied in the substation engineering design of State Grid Corporation of China, and will run through the whole process of the power grid, effectively promoting the management of the substation engineering full life cycle.This paper analyzes the application scope of three-dimensional design in substation engineering is studied in depth, and the future application development is prospected, which provides a reference for the development direction of three-dimensional design in the future.

This paper explores an improved method for the semantic similarity calculation of words combined with HowNet and CiLin. Firstly, we designing the algorithm based on HowNet’s sememe similarity improvement calculation, comprehensively considering the influence of each part of sememe on the overall meaning, and improving the calculation of word similarity based on HowNet by changing the specific calculation method of each part of sememe. At the same time, we adopt different strategies for the different results obtained in the similarity calculation of CiLin. The experimental RG data set proves that the modified Pearson coefficient of the method reaches 0.87.

The rainwater collection and utilization technology in substation was investigated, and then a novel water-saving technology system for green substations is presented in this paper. A 220kV substation was chosen as the example to analyze the system. The results showed that it can save 278.5m³ water resource. It can provide important reference for rainwater collection and utilization in unattended substation.

According to the characteristics of multi-input, multi-output, multi-loop, non-linear and large hysteresis of fluid network, the mathematical model of node, regulating valve and pipeline are established respectively. Simulation based on Panysimu platform is carried out in this paper, and the influence of various disturbances on the entire primary fluid network is analyzed. The simulation results show that the circulation capability of the primary heating fluid network plays a vital role in the rational design of the whole heating system and the safe and economic operation.

Due to the short duration, high intensity and sudden intensity of torrential rain, mountain torrents are easily formed in the northern hilly area.The distributed hydrological model is used as the main means of rain-flood forecasting. Rainfall as an important input,its spatial interpolation accuracy and time scale directly affect the forecast results.Therefore, in this paper, the spatial interpolation calculation and analysis of rainstorm process with hourly scale is carried out in the northern hilly area. Taking Licheng district in Jinan as the research area, the spatial interpolation methods, such as IDW,OK and OCK, are used to calculate the spatial interpolation of 16 time-by-time rainstorm processes for 11 typical rainfall with different duration, and the interpolation results are cross-validated and error analysis is carried out.The results show that the accuracy of the collaborative Kriging interpolation considering the elevation is higher in the short duration rainstorm process of the hilly area.

The resolution of seismic section images can directly affect the subsequent interpretation of seismic data. In order to improve the spatial resolution of low-resolution seismic section images, a super-resolution reconstruction method based on multi-scale convolution is proposed. This method designs a multi-scale convolutional neural network to learn high-low resolution image feature pairs, and realizes mapping learning from low-resolution seismic section images to high-resolution seismic section images. This multi-scale convolutional neural network model consists of four convolutional layers and a sub-pixel convolutional layer. Convolution operations are used to learn abundant seismic section image features, and sub-pixel convolution layer is used to reconstruct high-resolution seismic section image. The experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to the comparison method in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM). In the total training time and reconstruction time, our method is about 22% less than the FSRCNN method and about 18% less than the ESPCN method.

Introduction: The aim of this work was to present the contribution of the endoscopy in the management of esophageal dilatation for caustic esophageal stenosis (CES)., Methods: This was a descriptive and prospective study in the thoracic surgery department at the Hospital of Mali. A total of 46 cases of CES is recorded and divided into 4 groups according to the topography of the esophageal lesions. For the different methods of dilatation the number of performed endoscopic support was determined to understand the contribution of endoscopic means in the success of dilatation for CES. The outcome, complications and mortality in the two methods were compared., Results: Fibroscopy was used in 41.30% of patients with Savary Guillard dilators and in 47.82% of patients with Lerut dilators. Video laryngoscopy was used in 58.69% of patients who underwent dilatation with Lerut dilators. The passage of the guide wire was performed in 39.13% under video laryngoscopy and 58.68% under fibroscopy. In comparison of the two methods, there is a significant difference in the occurrence of complications (p=0.04075), general anesthesia (p=0.02287), accessibility (p=0.04805) and mortality (p=0.00402)., Conclusion: The CES is a serious disease and under evaluated in Mali. The endoscopies contribute significantly to the success of esophageal dilatation for caustic stenosis in the different methods we used.