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With an 11Ah LiMn2O4 battery as the object of study, through disassembling the battery after normal charge and normal discharge as well as over-charge and over-discharge, and using such methods as x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, this study explores the micro-changes that happened to the material for the anode and cathode of this lithium battery after over-charge and over-discharge, and provides the measures to prevent batteries from charge and discharge, so as to avoid potential safety problems during the use of lithium batteries.

The micro-analysis of energy storage batteries in overcharge test at 20°C temperature was investigated. The results showed as follows: (1) Compared with the normal battery charge at room temperature scanning microscope maps of battery overcharge, the crystal was fractured of the positive surface when the battery was overcharging, and with the increase of experimental time, the crystal fracture is more serious, this is to say that the battery electrolyte decomposition or battery material structure could change by overcharge test. (2) Based on the XRD maps, the characteristic peak position of overcharge test of cathode materials were changed, this showed that the content of cathode material elemental has been destroyed and changed in overcharge test.

The micro-analysis of energy storage batteries in overcharge test at 20°C temperature was investigated. The results showed as follows: (1) Compared with the normal battery charge at room temperature scanning microscope maps of battery overcharge, the crystal was fractured of the positive surface when the battery was overcharging, and with the increase of experimental time, the crystal fracture is more serious, this is to say that the battery electrolyte decomposition or battery material structure could change by overcharge test. (2) Based on the XRD maps, the characteristic peak position of overcharge test of cathode materials were changed, this showed that the content of cathode material elemental has been destroyed and changed in overcharge test.