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L’intervista ripercorre la formazione, la carriera accademica, i rapporti con la comunità scientifica internazionale, i principali temi che caratterizzano l’ampia produzione storiografica di Chris Wickham, nonché il suo impegno politico e le sue esperienze nel campo della valutazione della ricerca e dell’editoria scientifica.

Review

The resettlement of herders in pastoral zones is often criticized for hindering pastoral mobility, which is essential to survival. We integrate narratives of conflict and environmental change with maps to demonstrate the complementarity between pastoral mobility – porous borders – and border demarcation – rigid borders. We use evidence from the Sondré-Est Pastoral Zone in southern Burkina Faso, where herders were voluntarily resettled near agricultural villages following the droughts of the 1970s. Over time, however, farmers encroached on the borders of the pastoral zone and surrounding grazing areas declined. This increased land-use disputes. Tensions were exacerbated by the fact that these communities kept maps as community secrets. We re-created the administrative boundaries of the pastoral zone to map land-use/land-cover changes and conflict hot spots. The maps show that conflicts happened along porous borders where agricultural fields encroached. Herders called for a clear demarcation of the border of the pastoral zone to preserve exclusive access to resources within it. Simultaneously, they also wanted to maintain shared access to other resources outside the pastoral zone. The herders' desire for both border clarity and some form of flexibility underlines the complementary between both processes, especially in times of resource scarcity and land-use conflict. The mystery around the maps helps sustain ambiguity that is key for pursuing both goals. Keywords: GIS, land-use and land-cover change, farmer-herder border conflicts, pastoral mobility, Sahel, Burkina Faso

South African Black Theology of the 1960–1980s characterised its primary site of struggle as the racial capitalism of apartheid. Intersecting race and/as class has been a distinctively South African contribution to African biblical scholarship. Less common, but equally significant, is the intersection of culture and/as class. This article analyses this trajectory, reflecting on how three South African biblical scholars (Gunther Wittenberg, Makhosazana Nzimande and Hulisani Ramantswana) have discerned the need for the African decolonial project to recognise and recover the class divisions within a culture. A recurring cultural trope across the three scholars is their use of proverbs to discern class distinctions within culture. The works of each of these three scholars and their dialogue partners in South African Contextual Theology and South African Black Theology are interrogated for how they intersect notions of class and culture. https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2020/v34n2a13

“Transversal city” and transtopia are an invitation to rethink, conceptually and empirically, our urban future. Individual actors, persons with and without migration/flight background, today appear more and more transversal with respect to how they perceive the world, how they give themselves an identity, how they confront others, and how they observe, reflect, and produce knowledge. Previous “modern” static, clearly defined, and discernible constructions of belonging, which follow the “either/or” logic of socio-structural statistical ordering schemes, are actively rejected in a reflected way. Instead, belonging and identity are constructed individually following a reasoning which is transversal: spontaneously, situationally, by improvisation, oriented to potentials, crossing boundaries, transgressing, and generating abstract order and multiple references. Observed transgressive tendencies are discussed starting from a postmigrant perspective, which is part of the recent migration discourse. By identification of four main characteristic discursive moments, transversality is conceptualized, analyzed, and differentiated from the explicitly postmigrant perspective, which is part of the critical perspective. Instead, the concept of the “transversal city” arises with its changed modes of knowledge production, its consequences for social justice and sustainable development, and the evolution of a new processuality of governance, in politics and planning, urban agendas, and the production of “the urban”.

This article exposits Maritain’s and Peirce’s account of the preconditions for emergence of event relations. It spotlights Maritain’s model of how to prepare for the receipt of objective intellection, as well as Peirce’s treatment of abductive inferencing. It further identifies the foundational representations (signs) which compel the intuitional/inferencing process. Both Peirce and Maritain advocate that inferring event relations depends upon two distinct kinds of knowledge: from empirical sources in Secondness/sensible experiences, as well as from an objective transcendental state in Firstness. In the latter, intuitions emerge from unbidden pictures vividly flashing across the mind’s eye, while in the former, embodied action templates trace lived experiential paths with objective import.

Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi’s novel Kintu (2014) places alongside forms of historical fiction familiar to European readers, a form of historical causality that obeys a different logic, namely, one governed by the long-term efficacity of a curse uttered in pre-colonial Buganda. The novel can be read as a historiographical experiment. It sets in a relationship of ‘proximity’ linear historical narration as understood within the framework of European historicism and the genre of the historical novel theorised by Lukács, and notions of magical ‘verbal-incantatory’ and ‘somatic’ history that elude the logic of hegemonic European historicism but nonetheless cohabit the same fictional space. Makumbi’s novel thus sketches an ‘entanglement’ of various historical temporalities that are articulated upon one another within the capacious realm of fiction, thereby reinforcing a cosmic ontology and axiology of reciprocity and fluid duality whose infringement in fact triggers the curse at the origin of the narrative.

Although the Republic of Ireland has been a member of the European Union for nearly five decades, the country’s first official language, Irish, was only recognised as an official EU language on 1 January 2007. However, a lack of appropriately qualified linguistic personnel means that the language is currently subject to a derogation on its use in the EU institutions, which is scheduled to be lifted in 2022. Interviews conducted previously with interpreters in the Republic of Ireland (Hoyte-West 2020a) noted that practitioners generally viewed media coverage of the derogation as contributing to a positive image of the translational professions within the EU context; however, further research needed to be carried out on the topic. Accordingly, this article looks at how institutional translators and interpreters have been depicted in the Republic of Ireland’s English-language print media from 2007 to 2019. Using data obtained through a qualitative content analysis of the country’s three major English-language newspapers, an overview of the current situation is provided through analysis of the attitudes and opinions expressed.

INTRODUCTION: the knowledge of epidemiologic and clinical variables in patients with SARS- CoV-2 infection provides evidence and lessons that are useful for the pandemic response, with consideration of National and sub-National variations. The objective of this study was to characterize and describe the clinical and epidemiologic features of all the hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in Rivers State Nigeria, from March to August 2020. METHODS: a prospective descriptive multi-center study of patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 RT PCR, who were hospitalised for treatment and self-isolation in four treatment centers in Rivers state, Nigeria. RESULTS: the mean age of all the patients was 39.21 ± 12.31 years, with a range of 2 to 77 years. The majority of patients were in the 31 to 40-year (33.0%), 41 to 50-year (23.1%) and 18-to 30-year (22.0%) age groups. The patient population included 474 (73.4%) males and 172 (26.6%) females, with 93 (14.4%) healthcare workers. A history of contact and travel was established in 38.5% and at least one comorbid disease condition was present in 32.8% of patients. Patients with severe disease were 61 (9.45%), while the overall case fatality rate was 2%. The leading comorbid disease conditions were Hypertension in 23.8% and diabetes in 7.7% of patients. Fever (26.0%), dry Cough (17.6%), dyspnoea (12.7%), anosmia (12.7%) and headache (9.9%) were the most common symptoms. The presence of comorbidity and increasing age predicted death from COVID-19. CONCLUSION: the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of this cohort of hospitalised patients show significant similarities with existing trends from previously reported studies, with contextual peculiarities.

Although the Republic of Ireland is a bilingual country,this study illustrates that there are comparatively few domestic training options available for interpreters of spoken languages. In providing an overview of the present state of affairs, this article contextualises the current linguistic situation both within the country and at the European level. Attention is paid to the recognition of Irish as an official language of the European Union (EU), as well as tothe corresponding implications for interpreter training. In addition, the domestic situation regarding community interpreters is also outlined, with the lack of official regulation of the interpreting profession also noted. Subsequently, the options for interpreter training in tertiary education are outlined, both at the undergraduate and the postgraduate level. In addition, relevant information regarding the structure and content of the modules and courses is provided. To conclude, some thoughts regarding potential developments of interpreter training in the Irish context are outlined.

In MS 620 (1909), C. S. Peirce crafts his ultimate statement regarding habit-formation. Here he defines and illustrates the influence of specific vivid virtual habits with the objective of changing future beliefs/actions. The specificity of the protoplans as deter-minations invites immediate implementation of action interventions, or recommenda-tions to change action approaches. In this way, virtual habits transcend mere possibility for implementation of the action strategy; their vividity and specificity uniquely qualify them as soon to be actualized episodes.

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This introductory essay consists of two parts. The first is a contextualisation of the overall pur- pose of the monographic section, as well as a general summary of the questions, issues and themes which we were proposing to debate. The second part is an Appendix, which sets out the guidelines of the database MedItaNunC, which supported some of the research, and now provides not only a large percentage of the source material, but also a methodology about the connections which can be made through the information brought together. The essay looks at the historiography of the subject, including the recent wealth of research published from the perspective of gender studies in this area, and the way in which the Italian material fits into it. It also explains the chosen chronology, and the geographical spread used in the volume, and the important input of archaeology, which has helped propose new questions. Lastly, it sets out the three core themes which run through the other papers in the volume: the links between female monasteries and the city elites, the history of the monasteries concerned in the light of both their foundation and hagiographical myths, their material culture, and their ideological place in the cityscape, and finally, the attempt to identify the difference, if any, between female and male monastic houses. It is hoped that the collection will provide a first panorama of female monasticism across the multiplicity of Italian political and cultural landscape.

This Monographic Section proposes to study female monasteries in Italy in the period 700 to 1100, focusing on comparing and contrasting those in cities covering northern, central and southern Italy (Brescia, Venice, Verona, Ravenna, Rome, Benevento and Naples). Key elements of this comparison are the links of nuns and abbesses with the most powerful royal and aristocratic families in the area, and the way in which these contributed to the power and wealth of the relative houses. Examining these, as well as the role of the nuns in the memorialisation and representation of these families through prayers, relics, and patrimonies, will also lead to a comparison between various monastic traditions (Lombard, Frankish Carolingian, post Byzantine, Roman) in different areas, and to the identification of specific features of these in their associations with the contemporary elites.

Though the state, the church, theology, and biblical interpretation have been considered “sites of struggle” by South Africa’s liberation theologies, the Bible has not. This article reappraises the work of South African Black theologian Itumeleng Mosala (thirty years later) and considers his particular understanding of the Bible as a site of struggle, drawing as he does on redaction criticism. The article analysis Mosala’s notion of the ideological dimensions of redaction criticism, clarifies some of the concepts Mosala uses, argues for the role of literary methods in redactional criticism, and advocates for the inclusion of the “exploited classes” in the exegesis as well as the appropriation of biblical texts. Examples from Isaiah are used by way of explication.

This article discusses using poetic transcription (Glesne, 1997) as a tool for examining trust, including what trust looks and feels like from the “lived experiences” (Richardson, 1992) of university educators. We first explore the rationale for using poetic transcription in this study, discussing how and why poetry may be used as a profound narrative tool (Wells, 2004). This is followed by an overview of the methodology of poetic re-presentation (after Butler-Kisber, 2010; Glesne, 1997; Richardson, 2003). Next, we present selected poems from three different educators (a retired teacher, graduate student teacher, and teacher/administrator). We discuss critical insights and perspectives on trust, including ways that poems can evoke emotion, build empathy, and elicit deeper understandings of the topic at hand (Cannon Poindexter, 2002; Clunis D’Andrea, 2013; Eisner, 1997; Faulkner, 2007; Furman, Lietz, & Langer, 2006). We conclude by discussing some of reasons why poetry is ideally suited for broadening the horizons of educational research. Dans cet article, nous traitons de l’emploi de la transcription poétique (Glesne, 1997) en tant qu’outil pour examiner la confiance, y compris la manière dont la confiance paraît et se ressent à partir d’« expériences vécues » (Richardson, 1992) par des éducateurs universitaires. Tout d’abord, nous explorons pourquoi nous avons utilisé la transcription poétique dans cette étude, nous discutons comment et pourquoi la poésie peut être utilisée en tant qu’outil narratif profond (Wells, 2004) pour découvrir le coeur de la confiance. Ensuite, nous présentons un aperçu de la méthodologie de la représentation poétique (après Butler-Kisber, 2010; Glesne, 1997; Richardson, 2003). Puis nous présentons quelques poèmes choisis de trois éducateurs différents (un professeur à la retraite, un étudiant diplômé enseignant et un enseignant/administrateur). Nous discutons les idées critiques et les perspectives sur la confiance, y compris les diverses manières dont les poèmes peuvent évoquer l’émotion, faire éprouver l’empathie et susciter une compréhension plus profonde sur le sujet à l’étude (Cannon Poindexter, 2002; Clunis D’Andrea, 2013; Eisner, 1997; Faulkner, 2007; Furman, Lietz et Langer, 2006). En conclusion, nous discutons quelques-unes des raisons pour lesquelles la poésie se prête de façon idéale à la recherche en éducation.

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Though the state, the church, theology, and biblical interpretation have been considered ‘sites of struggle’ by South Africa’s liberation theologies, the Bible has not. This article reappraises the work of South African Black theologian Itumeleng Mosala (thirty years later) and considers his particular understanding of the Bible as a site of struggle, drawing as he does on redaction criticism. The article analyses Mosala’s notion of the ideological dimensions of redaction criticism, clarifies some of the concepts Mosala uses, argues for the role of literary methods in redactional criticism, and advocates for the inclusion of the ‘exploited classes’ in the exegesis as well as the appropriation of biblical texts.

In a curious paradox, one of the best-known recent statements about African futurities itself seems to vanish into a permanently receding future. Rem Koolhaas famously wrote of Lagos: "Many of the much touted values of contemporary global capital and its prophetic organizational models of dispersal and discontinuity, federalism and flexibility, have been realized perfectly in West Africa. This is to say that Lagos is not catching up with us. Rather, we may be catching up with Lagos." (qtd in Nuttal and Mbembe 4)

The northern Central Plateau of Burkina Faso has been the site of extensive development assistance since the 1980s. Thousands of hectares of degraded land have been rehabilitated through investments in Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) techniques. Comprehensive assessments of these projects have documented their beneficial impacts. This study extends these insights to consider the effects of SWC on livelihood sustainability by comparing recent household-level indicators with studies conducted twenty years earlier. Comparing quantitative data from two different points in time allows researchers to identify 'livelihood trajectories', or the general direction of either improvement or decline. The results show that although SWC investments have improved the natural capital of Mossi households, improvements in other forms of capital have accrued mostly among wealthy households. Key words: Livelihoods, development, Mossi, Burkina Faso

Historians often consider the year 888 to have marked the effective end of the Carolingian empire established by Charlemagne. This paper explores the issue from the perspective of a contemporary author, the monk Abbo of Saint-Germain des Prés. Abbo is today best known for his poem about the Viking sieges of Paris, but he later also compiled a fascinating and rather overlooked set of sermons. Taken together, these texts offer an insight into contemporary responses to the “crisis” that followed the deposition and death of Emperor Charles the Fat.

INTRODUCTION: Nigeria ranks among countries with the highest burden of tuberculosis. Yet evidence continues to indicate poor treatment outcomes which have been attributed to poor quality of care. This study aims to identify some of the systemic problems in order to inform policy decisions for improved quality of services and treatment outcomes in Nigeria. METHODS: a comparative assessment of the quality of TB care in rural and urban health facilities was carried out between May and June 2013, employing the Donabedian model of quality assessment. Data was analysed using the SPSS software package version 20.0. The level of significance was set at p=0.05. RESULTS: health facility infrastructures were more constrained in the urban than rural settings. Both the urban and rural facilities lacked adequate facilities for infection control such as, running water, air filter respirators, hand gloves and extractor fans. Health education and HIV counselling and testing (HCT) were limited in rural facilities compared to urban facilities. Although anti-TB drugs were generally available in both settings, the DOTS strategy in patient care was completely ignored. Finally, laboratory support for diagnosis and patient monitoring was limited in the rural facilities. CONCLUSION: the study highlights suboptimal quality of TB care in Rivers State with limitations in health education and HCT of patients for HIV as well as laboratory support for TB care in rural health facilities. We, therefore, recommend that adequate infection control measures, strict observance of the DOTS strategy and sufficient laboratory support be provided to TB clinics in the State.

The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing (Protocol) has been hailed as providing unprecedented legal support for indigenous and community control over genetic resources and associated knowledge by ensuring that such groups benefit more equitably from the use and subsequent proceeds of biological resources. This paper will analyse this claim critically, situating access and benefit sharing (ABS) regimes within the broader political economy of intellectual property articulated in the negotiations of the TRIPS Council monitoring the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). While the CBD principle of sovereignty over natural resources allows biodiverse developing state parties to regulate access to intellectual and genetic resources subject to national laws and the aims of the CBD, the concept of ‘facilitated access’ used to fulfil this right attaches itself purely to state parties and does not necessarily improve the lot of local and indigenous peoples. Indeed, the implementation of state level access regimes together with the principle of downstream benefit-sharing effectively excludes local people from exercising any autonomous legal rights over resources and rather creates a state of legal dependency among knowledge and resource rich communities on dominant and exclusionary IPR structures. Therefore while the material interests of local and indigenous communities may have been addressed in a limited manner by the Protocol – for instance in terms of strengthening provider state obligation to implement benefit-sharing schemes – ABS regimes inherently preclude secure legal recognition for local and indigenous control over intellectual and genetic resources. Moreover the general lack of legalisation achieved by the Protocol stakes even these limited ‘gains’ upon further negotiations designed to flesh out its provisions and on the actions of national governments not predisposed to ensuring the equitable participation of local and indigenous communities in law-making processes.

Children's early development of demonstrative use emanates directly from indexical gestures, namely, eye gaze, pointing, prehensile reaching, and giving exchanges. These indexical gestures become social in that they are joint attentional, and mark the inception of deictic use. Although children's deictic use draws upon index as a directional and social phenomenon, early uses of index alone do not deliver any semantic/lexical/symbolic determinants to the mix. The distinctive premise here is that deictics, especially demonstratives, are not merely social, but symbolic from a Peircian perspective, especially in light of developmental findings (West 1986, 1987, 2010; Tanz 2009) indicating an acquisitional pattern of non-contrastive to contrastive uses of "this" and "that" from 3;0–4;9. While initial non-contrastive uses of demonstratives are directional and/or social, contrastive use after 3;0 requires apprehension of symbolic role taking/role shifting. In addition to delivering the indexical and/or social, deictic indicators must implicitly refer to a class (Nunberg 1993, 1995), e.g., near/far objects from speaker's perspective in the case of demonstratives, and must ultimately have the potential to contrast objects/places with respect to distinctive points of orientation. These components together illustrate how mastery of deictic indicators is both a socio-pragmatic and semantic enterprise. In addition to indexing objects and securing joint attention with gesture, deixis requires semiotic and semantically based orientational competencies to shift perspectives and speech situation roles.

Market mechanisms have been increasingly touted over the last 40 years as the most ecologically effective and economically efficient way to solve environmental problems. The problem of deforestation has been increasingly recognised in the climate change regime over the last 15 years as a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Correspondingly many politicians, academics and commentators believe that linking forestry conservation projects to international carbon markets is potentially a cost-efficient way of reducing emissions and stabilising temperature rise below two degrees Celsius. This belief has been translated into a broad set of policy proposals generally named REDD (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation). This paper will assess whether a market-linked REDD programme is in fact capable of preventing deforestation efficiently and within the timescale needed. The history of forestry activities within the climate regime will be outlined, before proposals for a market-linked REDD are analysed in the context of contemporary academic discourse and in the context of ‘real-world’ experience. The ability of a market-linked REDD mechanism to ensure adequate measurement, reporting and verification (MRV), land tenure, public participation, and public-private interaction is questioned. Indeed, the paper concludes by suggesting that the lessons drawn from studying previous market-linked schemes for environmental protection indicate that a market-linked REDD scheme will not achieve the desired reductions in greenhouse gasses in the timescale required, and could in fact be an expensive distraction from other simpler and faster methods of carbon reduction.

The Elliptical Plane has been recently introduced as a modal identification method that uses an alternative plot of the receptance. The method uses the dissipated energy per cycle of vibration as a starting point. For lightly damped systems with conveniently spaced modes, it produces quite accurate results, especially when compared to the well-known method of the inverse. When represented in the Elliptical Plane, the shape of the receptance is elliptical near resonant frequencies. The modal damping factor can be determined from the angle of the ellipse’s major axis with the horizontal axis, whereas the real and imaginary parts of the modal constants can be determined from numerical curve-fitting (as in the method of the circle - Nyquist plot). However, the lack of points that can be used near the resonance (due to limitations in the frequency resolution, and effects from other modes near each resonance) and the fact that measurements are polluted by noise, bring uncertainty to the numerical curve-fitting. This paper aims at providing the first steps on the improvement of the quality of the modal identification of the receptance in the Elliptical Plane. The method and results are discussed with a multiple degree-of-freedom numerical example.

O presente trabalho investiga como a música grega foi transmitida de uma geração a outra. Uma pequena parte da transmissão escrita está documentada, mas é evidente que os textos dramáticos e líricos eram copiados normalmente sem notação musical, e para autores anteriores a Eurípides as partituras podem nunca ter existido. O conhecimento que os musicólogos têm da música antiga deve ter-se embasado na tradição performática existente entre amadores e profissionais. Os sistemas de notação parecem ser invenção do século V. Eram conhecidos e usados apenas por especialistas e eram desconhecidos por muitos compositores de música. Textos com notação não faziam parte da tradição textual corrente e seguiam suas próprias convenções formais. Eram geralmente antologias usadas pelos recitalistas e tiveram pouca importância na transmissão dos textos famosos no decorrer dos séculos. Apenas a música de Mesomedes e as peças instrumentais de Bellermann sobreviveram na Idade Média, por certo porque foram adotadas como parte do repertório didático.

Les composantes (Tox+ et Tox0) du complexe impliqué dans la nécrose du collet du colza ont été suivies au cours du temps et dans la plante, à l’aide d’outils moléculaires (ITS, ISSR), afin de clarifier leurs rôles respectifs dans les dégâts de nécrose, de préciser les relations entre les symptômes foliaires précoces et les nécroses du collet tardives et d’évaluer l’étendue de la colonisation de la plante, en conditions naturelles, pendant deux cycles culturaux successifs. Les deux composantes, présentes en permanence, varient en proportion selon la période de culture et l’organe considérés. La composante Tox+, qui prédomine aux deux extrêmes du cycle cultural, sur feuille en automne et au collet en fin de végétation, est responsable des dégâts de nécrose. L’analyse topographique de la région du collet indique que tous les tissus, fortement colonisés par de nombreuses souches Tox+ distinctes, constituent un site privilégié de confrontation entre souches différentes, favorable à la reproduction sexuée du champignon.

Stories, stories…short stories, long stories, small stories, tall stories, bedtime stories, Bible stories, true stories, make-believe (fairy) stories, ghost stories…Everyone has a story. You have a story and I have a story. Our lives are rich with stories and it is because of stories that we are who we are, what we are, where we are, and why we are. Stories help to shape our lives and shape our individual selves. Stories put into words what painters put into their art, and what musicians put into their compositions and music. The theme for CANO this year is “The art of communication: Discovery through sharing of stories” and today I want to share a few stories about cancer care and, hopefully, give you some insight into part of the evolution of cancer nursing in Canada, as well as a little of the history of acute care nurse practitioners, and a little about me and my story.

Histoires, récits… récits brefs, récits sans fin, histoires anodines et histoires à dormir debout, histoires de chevet, récits de la Bible, histoires vraies, histoires imaginaires, histoires de fantômes… Tout le monde a une histoire ou un récit. Vous tout autant que moi. Notre vie regorge d’histoires et de récits et ce sont eux qui définissent qui nous sommes, ce que nous sommes et notre raison d’être. Ils nous aident à façonner notre vie et les individus que nous sommes. Les agencements de mots que sont les histoires sont un peu comme les tableaux des peintres et les compositions des musiciens. Cette année, le thème de la conférence de l’ACIO est “L’art de communiquer: se raconter pour se découvrir” et aujourd’hui, je voudrais vous conter quelques récits à propos des soins aux personnes atteintes de cancer et, je l’espère, vous faire découvrir une partie de l’évolution des soins infirmiers en oncologie au Canada, ainsi qu’une partie de l’histoire des infirmières praticiennes en soins actifs et une petite partie de ma propre histoire et de moi-même.

In order to find out the relationship of steel futures price with different manganese content, a local fractional algorithm is proposed in this paper. We use three analytical tools - price discovery analysis, arbitrage analysis and a case study approach to assess the magnitude of price divergence risk and determine the hedging effectiveness of steel billet futures. The results show that the proposed method can thus improve overall system performance substantially.

Aiming at calculating the price changes under the price features of oil stochastic model, the continuous jump model is proposed in this paper for data processing. The procedure is flexible, may be used with market prices of any oil contingent claim with closed form pricing solution, and easily deals with missing data problems. The results show that the accuracy can thus be improved overall the proposed system substantially.