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As early as in 1878, medical teams managing children born with a velopalatine cleft had noted the prevalence of middle-ear pathologies largely related to anatomic and inflammatory Eustachian tube dysfunction. The aim of this study was to describe otologic sequels related to a velopalatine cleft and to suggest an adapted management. These sequels are evolving presentations of chronic serous otitis; they worsen the functional prognosis (hypoacousia) and more rarely the vital prognosis (cerebral or infectious complications of cholesteatoma). We must stress the importance of prevention: during the initial management, by Eustachian tube rehabilitation, and by ENT (Ear, Noseand Throat) follow-up allowing to prevent these sequels and to bring hearing to normal as soon as possible, so as to support cognitive development, language skills, and sociofamilial integration of the children.

Recurrent ENT infections are extremely frequent in children. Actually, early childhood is a period of adaptation to the environment, with low immunologic defences. The hypertrophy of the lymphoid tissue in the Waldeyer ring, which is normal in early childhood, gives a particular picture to these problems. The repercussions of such recurrent ENT infections on the status of the lower respiratory tract, on the stature and weight as on the general well-being of the child, and their potential complications, are sufficient reasons for eradicating them. The various therapeutical means to reach this goal, are described.