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Desde 1936 hasta 1939, André Malraux se dedicó casi por completo a la defensa de la República española en peligro. Esta experiencia lo lleva a escribir una novela, Lespoir que es la historia de los primeros meses del escuadrón de España del que era líder. Gracias al apoyo del gobierno español en el exilio, Malraux también realiza una película, Sierra de Teruel, para convencer a las democracias extranjeras sobre la lucha contra Franco y el fascismo. La película nace de la voluntad de adaptar uno de los principales episodios de la tercera parte de la novela. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar, a través de una comparación entre la novela y la película, las piezas que se incorporaron a partir de una creación a otra y entender que los personajes de la novela mantienen o pierden un papel central en el paso de la novela a la película

Most surgeons use metal clips in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of this prospective randomized controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy of absorbable clips in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. One hundred consecutive patients with symptomatic gallstones without complications were randomized into groups; group T had two metal clips (titan clip ETHICONR), group R (laproclipR Davis and Geck) had one absorbable clip applied on the cystic duct and cystic artery. The patients were followed for one year. There was no difference between the two groups concerning operative time, hospital stay and postoperative complications. The absorbable clips seem to be as effective as metal clips in providing hemostasis in cystic artery and in cystic duct ligation.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a rare cutaneous sarcoma that progresses slowly. Although it exhibits pronounced local aggressiveness, it rarely metastasises. The condition is difficult to treat on account of asymmetric and unpredictable growth as well as the frequency of relapse. Treatment is primarily surgical.We report 31 cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans operated at the Dermatology Clinic of Novara between 1997 and 2004 using the Tübingen technique. An immunohistochimical study was performed and screening was carried out for possible extension of the neoplasm into muscle.Muscular involvement was seen in 4 cases. No relapses were seen over a median survival period of 3 years and no patients were lost to follow-up.The Mohs technique is the surgical method of reference and allows tumour eradication with sparing of healthy tissue. The Tübingen method constitutes an alternative approach requiring fewer histological sections. The results obtained in our series were good and no relapses were seen over a median survival period of 3 years.

Chordomas are rare extradural bone tumors arising from notochord remnants, the embryonic structure forming the original axis of the spine. They represent 0.1p. 100 of all intra-cranial tumors. The chordoma is a locally malignant cancer that tends to invade the surrounding tissues. Its localization in the skin is exceptional.A 56 year-old man developed a nut-sized vegetating nodule on the nasal groove. This lesion appeared a few months following surgery for a frontoglabellar relapse of a chordoma that had developed six years earlier at the base of the skull.We report this case because of the rareness of cutaneous involvement and the particular conditions in which it occurred. It may have been due to tumoral seeding during the previous surgical interventions.

The effects of on-table colonic irrigation followed by primary large bowel resection and anastomosis for emergency left colonic disease were prospectively studied in 54 patients.Eighteen patients had a diverticular sigmoiditis complicated by localized (8) or generalized (4) peritonitis, 6 presented a complete sigmoid obstruction. Thirty six patients had a left colonic occlusive (33) or perforated (3) cancer. Anterograde colonic irrigation was carried out with a mean volume of 7.7 l. All patients received a double or triple antibiotic combination. The anastomosis was handsewn in 33 cases and stapled (Knight-Griffen) in 21. Seven patients with severe peritonitis had a proximal transitory stoma which was closed within 4 months.Two patients (3.7%) died postoperatively, one for anastomotic dehiscence and the second for evisceration. We observed 7 cases of hypothermia (34 degrees C) during the irrigation. Six patients developed a sepsis of the surgical wound, 2 a septicemia and l an abscess in the right iliac fossa which was percutaneously drained. All complications had a favourable outcome.This study confirms that in selected cases a single stage surgery for colonic emergencies preceded by on-table irrigation grants good results and is a safe and effective alternative to Hartmann's procedure.