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This qualitative study explores perceptions of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxation among small business owners/managers (n=7) in Manitoba, Canada through thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews. Most participants believed the tax would be ineffective; they predicted the majority of customers would continue consuming SSB. Main concerns about the tax’s effectiveness were that it fails to address root causes of high sugar consumption and is easy for many consumers to ignore. Participants called for the government to focus on other community issues, citing changes to the healthcare system and financially assisting vulnerable community members as more pressing matters than SSB consumption.

The treatment of obese people in our society, especially fat children gives rise to much indignation ("Fat", "fatness" - rather than "obese, obesity" - are preferred terms among groups and individuals protesting societal and traditional public health treatment of large persons.) Not all obese individuals are poor; but being excessively overweight tends to be inversely related to socio economic status among women and their children in post industrial societies. Poor children who are fat often have the hardest experiences because they are large, are in poverty, and are dependent on parents and others for their welfare. Fat people are not protected from discrimination in most jurisdictions. Human rights laws should be amended to shield obese individuals from prejudicial actions. In addition, activism, public health models, and various legal interventions, to be discussed, need to focus on people, especially children, eating/drinking nutritiously and being physically active - with their weight being a secondary consideration. These issues are illustrated by discussing programs in the United States designed to assist poor families to eat and drink more nutritiously. El tratamiento de las personas obesas en nuestra sociedad, especialmente en el caso de los niños, da lugar a mucha indignación (se usan términos como "gordo", "gordura", en lugar de "obeso, obesidad", entre los grupos e individuos que protestan por el tratamiento social y la sanidad púbica tradicional para tratar a las personas grandes). No todas las personas obesas son pobres; pero en las sociedades postindustriales, entre mujeres y sus hijos tener un sobrepeso excesivo tiende a estar inversamente relacionado con la posición socioeconómico. Los niños pobres que están gordos sufren, a menudo, las experiencias más duras, porque son grandes, están en situación de pobreza, y su bienestar depende de sus padres y otras personas. En la mayoría de jurisdicciones, las personas gordas no están protegidas contra la discriminación. Las leyes de derechos humanos deberían modificarse para proteger a las personas obesas frente a acciones lesivas. Además, se analizarán el activismo, los modelos de salud pública, y diversas intervenciones legales. Todos ellos necesitan centrarse en las personas, especialmente los niños, que comen y beben de forma equilibrada, y que realizan actividad física, siendo el peso una consideración secundaria. Estos temas se ilustran mediante el análisis de programas estadounidenses destinados a ayudar a que familias pobres coman y beban de forma más nutritiva. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2559676

Purpose: To examine the temporal stability and relative validity of the adapted French version of an English self-reported questionnaire measuring the beverage intake (BEVQ) of adolescents. Methods: The French adaptation of the BEVQ (AF-BEVQ) included conversion from the imperial to the metric system and the adjustment of some formats to those available in Canada. Next, 60 adolescents from two regions in Quebec completed the AF-BEVQ and two web-based 24-hour dietary recalls (R24W) (one for a weekday and one for a weekend day) on two occasions, two weeks apart. Results: The AF-BEVQ had moderate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for amounts of sugar-sweetened beverages (ICC: 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46-0.81), fruit juice (ICC: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.23-0.72) and water (ICC: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.38-0.81) consumed. The amounts of sugar-sweetened beverages (r s = 0.49; p  < 0.0001), fruit juice (r s = 0.38; p = 0.0024) and water (r s = 0.65; p  < 0.0001) reported in the AF-BEVQ were significantly correlated with those of both R24Ws. Conclusions: For the most part, the AF-BEVQ had adequate metrological properties. It is an interesting tool to quickly measure the sugar-sweetened beverage, fruit juice and water intake of French-speaking adolescents.

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The implementation of nutrition policies and guidelines in Canadian schools has increased the availability and consumption of nutrient-rich foods while reducing access to and consumption of foods and beverages that are high in sugars, sodium, and saturated fats. Positive changes in health outcomes for children and youth, such as improved body mass indices, have been observed. However, observed impacts of school nutrition policies on academic performance have been mixed. This statement reviews key elements of school nutrition policies, with specific focus on nutrition standards. School nutrition policies should align with recommendations in Canada's Food Guide and promote nutrient-rich foods and beverages that are lower in saturated fat, sugar, and sodium., (© Canadian Paediatric Society 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Canadian Paediatric Society.All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d’intérêts.