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INTRODUCTION: Les patients hospitalisés en Afrique intertropicale sont exposés à un risque des infections nosocomiales. La rareté des données publiées sur le sujet limite l'analyse descriptive de la situation. L'objectif de ce travail était de déterminer l'incidence, les germes en cause et les facteurs de risque des infections nosocomiales urinaires et des sites opératoires à la maternité de l'HGR Katuba de Lubumbashi en République Démocratique du Congo(DRC). METHODES: nous avons réalisé une étude descriptive longitudinale de la période allant du 1 octobre 2014 au 1er Janvier 2015. Notre population d'étude était constituée de 207 femmes ayant séjourné dans cette maternité. La collecte de données était réalisée d'une manière exhaustive.

Introduction: in Intertropical Africa hospitalized patients are exposed to a risk of nosocomial infections. The dearth of published data on this subject limits the descriptive analysis of the situation. This study aimed to determine the incidence, the germs responsible for these infections and the risk factors of nosocomial infections in the Maternity Ward at the General Referral Hospital in Katuba, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Methods: We conducted a descriptive, longitudinal study from 1 October 2014 to 1 January 2015. Our study population consisted of 207 women who had been hospitalized in the Maternity Ward at the General Referral Hospital in Katuba. We carried out a comprehensive data collection. Results: Nosocomial infection rate accounted for 15.5%. Parturient women who had been hospitalized for more than three days were three times more likely to develop a nosocomial infection (p=0.003), while those who had had a complicated delivery were four times more likely to be at risk of developing nosocomial infection (p = 0.000). Escherichia coli was the most isolated causative agent (38.1%), followed by Citrobacter freundi (23.8%), Acinobacter baumani (.18, 2%), Staphylococcus aureus (18.2%), Enterococcus aureus (14.3%) and Pseudomonas aeroginosa (9.1%). Ampicillin was the most prescribed antibiotic, to which isolated microbes were resistant. Conclusion: It is necessary to improve hospital hygiene and to conduct further study to examine the similarity between germs strains in the environment and those in biological fluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]