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The research is devoted to the analysis of the problem of cognition in the work of the 20th century Russian philosopher Vasily Sesemann (1884-1963). A number of circumstances concerning his life and work influenced the fact that to this day his works remain little known. Domestic philosopher spoke several languages; his scientific works were written in Russian, German and Lithuanian. The article provides an detailed overview of Sesemann's main works on epistemological issues; it is substantiated that the problem of cognition in the work of the Russian thinker occupies a highly significant position. An analysis of his approaches to solving epistemological issues, in particular the problem of pure knowledge, allows us to see the strong links between the elements of his philosophical system (epistemology, logic, ethics, aesthetics, philosophy of culture). Sesemann's focus on understanding knowledge in general, his critical attitude towards the positivist position on the superiority of natural science methodology is demonstrated by the persistent inclusion of questions about moral, aesthetic and religious cognition in works devoted to epistemological issues. This emphasises not only the key role of epistemology in the system of Sesemann’s philosophy, but also the importance of problems related to the spiritual and moral realm. The foundation of epistemological issues in ontology and the consistency in the application of the anthropological approach in the interpretation of knowledge gives its position depth and creates the unity of the philosophical system. The connection between various areas of philosophy is carried out, among other things, through such cornerstone concepts as: attitude, objective and non-objective, rational and irrational, reflexivity, temporality, consciousness, self-awareness, which are the conceptual framework of Sesemann’s entire philosophy.

The research is devoted to justification of the interdisciplinary approach in the study of consciousness. Studying consciousness as a phenomenon is a very divergent project, the mystery of its nature and appearance makes different ways of studying consciousness possible. Besides, consciousness is an umbrella term which may be interpreted differently in different contexts. Various approaches to comprehension of consciousness have been developed nowadays in Philosophy, Psychology, Biology, Medicine, Neurosciences, Sociology, Cognitive and Computer Sciences, Linguistics and a number of other research fields. In the end of the 1980s one can notice an exceptional growth of interest in the problem of consciousness both in Philosophy and Science. The works by Bernard Baars, Daniel Dennett, Roger Penrose, Francis Crick and Christopher Koch, David Chalmers have appeared in these years. They outlined the main approaches to the study of consciousness and demonstrated that study of consciousness became an interdisciplinarity research. The research discusses the features of the phenomenon of consciousness and outlines the main theoretical issues, the most relevant of which are the “hard problem” of consciousness, the problem of mind and body, the problem of “the explanatory gap”, the question of the primacy of the brain in relation to consciousness, the place of consciousness in the modern scientific paradigm, changes of the ethical and worldview interpretation in connection with artificial intelligence, neurochips and neural network. Based on the complexity and multidimensionality of the research field associated with the problem of consciousness, the variety of approaches to studying this problem in Philosophy and Science, the controversial character of the questions raised, and the heated discussion among researches, the author concludes that interdisciplinary studies of consciousness have the greatest heuristic possibilities today.

The aim of this paper is to study the main stages of the development and settlement of the territory of Southern Bessarabia by ethnic Romanians, as well as the peculiarities of the formation of Romanian folk culture. In order to achieve this aim, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to study ethnogenetic and demographic processes in the formation of the folk culture of the Romanians of Southern Bessarabia, to identify the influence of other ethnic groups on Romanian national selfawareness. In this study, a set of research methods is used: genetic and historical method; formal and typological method; functional method. The actuality of the research lies in the fact that for the first time the folk culture of the Romanian population of Bessarabia is considered as a result of the interaction of integration, adaptation and transformation processes that formed the multiethnic community of the Romanian ethnic group. The paper examines the state of two parallel vectors – «Moldovanism» and «Romanism» – which define two identities, and also distinguishes two stages of Moldovan ethnogenesis: the formation of the Eastern Romanian ethnic community and the formation of the Moldovan nation itself. The study shows that the formation of the modern national-regional picture of the Bessarabian region is evidence not only of the long process of formation of the ethnogenesis of the Romanian-speaking population, but also of the life of representatives of other ethnic groups.

The article examines the calendar rituals of ethnic Romanians of Bessarabia, since it is folk festivals, customs and rituals, as components of traditional culture, that reflect the national characteristics of the Romanian community, characterizing it as an ethnically distinctive organization. The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the complex of calendar rituals of ethnic Romanians of southern Bessarabia, to identify its internal structure and content in the system of traditional culture, and to clarify its local specifics. To achieve this aim, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to outline the place and role of calendar rituals in the traditional ethnic culture of the inhabitants of Bessarabia and to characterize folk holidays, customs, and rituals of the calendar cycle. The use of the field research method (survey, questionnaire, individual interview, direct observation) allowed us to determine the specifics of the traditional culture of ethnic Romanians of Bessarabia, to identify common features of Romanian calendar rituals in the context of the ethno-cultural landscape of the Bessarabian region. The study of the ritual poetry of the Romanian ethnic group of the Ukrainian Danube region has shown that the entire annual cycle of folk rituals and holidays is consistent with the seasons of the folk calendar. A detailed study of rituals, customs, and folk holidays as an important component of traditional Romanian culture made it possible to consider the calendar ritualism in a complex and to trace the connection between the Slavic and Romanic layers of folk ritualism of the calendar cycle in both historical and functional aspects.

The autumn poems of the Austrian poet Georg Trakl (1887–1914), making up a significant part of his lyrical heritage, may be examined through the prism of color and acoustic imagery. The article shows that in his earlier lyric poems (1909–1912) color and sound serve primarily to distinguish between the two spaces, the first of which associates with the reality (natural life, autumn landscape), while the second corresponds to the places of “otherness” (sleep, death). The first space is characterized by a rich palette and sound diversity; the “other” space is depicted mostly in black and white, full of disturbing silence or sharp mechanical sounds. Later verses from 1913–1914 demonstrate less clear distinction of the two spaces, both flow into each other and even merge into one. Color and sound, as it were, “stitch” them through, connecting one with the other. Duality leaves the space and is now concentrated in the very image of autumn, which combines the generosity (abundance of fruits) of the life lived and dying, “black decay.” At the same time, color and sound markers of life and death remain the same, though their use changes slightly: color often acts now as a part of a complex image (“blue wings of the evening”), “dark” tends to become “black”; sounds subside, replaced by a meaningful silence.

The subject of the article is the safety of people and society and the sustainability of public bodies in emergency situations. The trends influencing the changes in the theoretical and normative bases of ensuring environmental safety and protection of subjective rights are revealed: the change in the nature and character of emergency situations, the increase in the anthropogenic origin of man-made and natural disasters: cyber-attacks, infectious pandemics, terrorism. The structure of legal regulation of the subject of research is presented, which includes international, national, regional, local (municipal) levels; the place of the category “safety” in the legal system, its subtypes, including environmental safety, is analyzed. The peculiarity of regulatory mechanisms, which have not only normative-legal, but also normative-technical character, is determined. Municipal practices related to the research topic, including the sphere of civil and fire protection, are presented and analyzed on the basis of the Russian example. Conclusions are formulated that the legislative and law enforcement components of dealing with emergency situations should take into account the transformation of their nature and imply, first of all, strategic planning, taking into account the latest aspects of environmental safety, the dynamics of threats, as well as international environmental cooperation.

The subject of this article is the Institute of Public Health. The authors have identified trends affecting the change of approaches to public health and its regulatory mechanisms, and presented a theoretical and legal justification for the definition of public health. Using the example of Russia, the authors determined the scope of constitutional and legal regulation of public health, and formulated conclusions about the fragmentation and complexity of law-making in this area. It is proved that the implementation of social policy in the field of public health is carried out at three public legal levels: international, state and local self-government, however, their subjects of competence and powers are not balanced and systematically distributed. It is concluded that the transformation of social policy should be carried out taking into account the legal experience of the states interacting within the framework of the CIS and the EAEU.

The present article discusses the main tendencies of construction industry development that have a significant impact on its further growth together with modern architectural trends. Presently, 3D technological processes enabling to erect structures of any shapes in a short period of time are rapidly introduced on the construction sites. The use of molds and heat treatment are not required for this technology. The present work justifies theoretical and experimental aspects of concrete mix selection for 3D printing of houses, members and small architectural forms. It was stated that hardening rate and structure's strength greatly affect layering technique of walls and framework executed under 3D technology. It was shown that components added with the purpose of enhancement of concrete consistency, time-yield and decreasing its flowability have a significant influence on the process of innovative construction. For the first time, the composition for 3D printing of houses and small architectural forms was based on the concrete mix with the miscanthus organic filler of “Camis” variety.

Актуальность изучения стратегий локализации и стандартизации в международном маркетинге становится очевидной в связи с растущим присутствием российских и международных брендов на узбекском рынке. Следовательно, существует необходимость в разработке грамотной маркетинговой стратегии, направленной на улучшение финансовых результатов, в частности, с точки зрения прибыльности и роста продаж. В настоящем исследовании была изучена коммуникационная среда страны, а также выявлены особенности локализации коммуникационной стратегии российских и международных брендов. Изучение обширного материала литературы позволило выявить положительные и отрицательные последствия локализации и определить эффективную модель для построения коммуникационной стратегии. В рамках кабинетного исследования рынок Узбекистана был подробно изучен, в том числе были проанализированы существующие кейсы локализации брендов Соса Cola, Pepsi и Fanta. Благодаря экспертным интервью с топовыми представителями сферы были выявлены драйверы и барьеры локализации коммуникационной стратегии, а также были предложены практические рекомендации по выводу российских и международных брендов на рынок. Результатом исследования выступает уникальная модель локализации коммуникационной стратегии, релевантная для рынка Узбекистана. Результаты дают направление для брендов, планирующих выход на рынок, и могут стать базой для построения эффективной коммуникационной стратегии. Работа продолжает дискуссию о локализации и вносит вклад в коммуникативный аспект, который ранее был слабо изучен. Ключевые слова: локализация, стандартизация, коммуникационная стратегия, международный маркетинг, Центральная Азия.

The present article is referred to the study of amorphous analogs of silicon dioxide obtained from raw materials of plant and fossil origin available on the domestic market. Silicate fillers of crystalline structure are less preferrable for filling ceramic and polymer composite materials due to their lower reaction capacity. Rice husk ash, a large-tonnage agricultural waste, and zeolite-siliceous rock of Tatar-Shatrashanskoye deposit were used as sources of amorphous silicon dioxide in the given study. Having analyzed the received experimental data, the authors concluded that application of both industrially produced silicon dioxide derived form the rice husk ash and zeolite-siliceous rock by the solid phase method allows obtaining effective wollastonite- and diopside-containing fillers for composite building materials. The high content of amorphous silicon dioxide in the obtained calcium and magnesium silicates enables to lower the temperature of their synthesis and to increase the industrial output of target wollastonite and diopside, and also to reduce the content of undesirable admixtures in their composition. The availability of large- tonnage alternative silicates can be seen as a sustainable alternative that brings ecological, technical and economic benefits to construction industry.

The article analyzes the relevance of pre-forecast modeling of time series of electricity consumption by airports, systematizes the methods and ways of the specified pre-forecast modeling and considers some problems arising in the process of their use. A separate stage of preforecast modeling of electricity consumption by the airport is proposed, which contributes, on the one hand, to a fairly quick receipt of primary information about the forecasted object, and on the other hand - to a more effective and adequate final forecast. It is proposed to build a series of neural network models at the stage of preliminary forecasting, including convolutional, recurrence. As a model example, a neural network preforecast model of electricity consumption for the Lviv International Airport is built on the basis of statistical data for the period of relatively stable development of the Ukrainian economy. A comparative analysis of the obtained results of the neural network model with the constructed trend-seasonal model using analytical methods was carried out, which gave a positive result. Conclusions are made on the prospects of building preforecast models of time series of electricity consumption by the airport using neural networks.

Speaking about the social importance of preventing crimes in the field of the environment, it is worth noting the danger of consequences caused by these acts. The planned course of the policy of humanization of criminal law has an ambiguous effect on the reduction of environmental crimes. As a result, in places of deprivation of liberty there are persons convicted (including for environmental crimes) in respect of which cases of acquiring the status of a persistent violator of the sentence serving regime are not excluded. The article discusses the problems of changing the legal status of those convicted of environmental crimes. A structural, retrospective and comparative legal analysis of the concept of «malicious violator» in the legislation is carried out. The study analyzes the points of view of scientists who determine the legal personality of a convicted person for environmental crimes. On their basis, the goals and objectives are synthesized to establish the doctrinal positions of the legal personality of malicious violators of the penitentiary regime, their features and specific features are given. In particular, the issues of the emergence of their legal capacity, capacity to act and «delictual capacity» are disclosed. Summarizing the discussion conducted in the study, the authors cite their own concept of a malicious penitentiary violator, highlighting the special legal status of a convicted person for crimes in the field of ecology.

The presented paper investigates the application of HEC-RAS software for modelling of urban area waterlogging by surface rainfall runoff on the Black Sea coast of Russia. The authors assess the risk of emergencies caused by rainfall of different intensities. Using a digital elevation model and an orthophotoplane obtained by airborne laser scanning and aerial photography, the territory and surface types are analyzed. The results of the study identify sensitive areas and consider the feasibility of constructing barrier structures to manage surface runoff. Data on the capacity of the existing pipe and its effect on runoff accumulation are analyzed. The study is of practical relevance for risk assessment and emergency prevention measures related to surface runoff in urban environments on the Black Sea coast.

The results of developing a model for analyzing the perturbed state of a thermal power hydraulic system are presented using the example of a heat supply system. The parameters of the operating mode of the thermal power hydraulic system were assessed after exposure to disturbing factors. It is noted that the choice of boundary conditions must be carried out taking into account the use of energy equivalence when analyzing the perturbed state of the investigated fragment of the hydraulic system. The developed model of steady flow distribution with non-isothermal flow of a viscous medium is presented. It is concluded that the developed mathematical model represents a qualitatively new approach to formalizing problems of flow distribution analysis in systems with adjustable parameters. The model can be considered as a generalized form of representing particular models of flow distribution when describing the object under study, which can be considered as a hydraulic circuit with adjustable parameters for nonisothermal flow of a viscous medium. It is shown that this model can be used to analyze and describe the flows and properties of a viscous medium in systems where it is possible to regulate parameters and non-isothermal flow is taken into account.

The study analyzed the thermal performance of enclosing structures made of: polystyrene concrete, heat block, arbolite blocks, foam concrete and aerated concrete. The calculation of heat losses was carried out using finite element methods, in the software package “Elcut”. The results of the study showed that the enclosing structure in the form of a wall consisting of aerated concrete blocks will be most effective in terms of heat conservation. In order to identify the most affordable and economical material for the construction of a house with an estimated area of 100 m2, an enlarged calculation was carried out, including determining the cost of building material necessary for the construction of an enclosing structure. According to the calculation results, the most expensive technologies turned out to be construction options from aerated concrete blocks and a heat block. The house made of wood-mineral composites (arbolite) turned out to be the most inexpensive. The materials of the work can be used by developers in the selection and justification of materials for wall structures of low-rise construction.

Various factors affect the performance of mobile agricultural machinery, including the impact of the operator and external loads. The analysis of these factors is an urgent task, since the identification of patterns of their occurrence allows, if not to eliminate the cause, then to predict the malfunction and adjust the equipment of service centers. Various methods and criteria are used to assess the resource of machine units: an approximate assessment of reliability characteristics was carried out on the basis of statistical material on the submitted failures of 180 machines (NΣ=180), which was the result of incomplete resource tests; differential equations were compiled using the Lagrange method. During the resource tests and according to the results of operation, material was collected on the failures of the undercarriage units of the combine and breakdowns of their parts. The developed model of the combine allowed to perform an amplitude and frequency analysis of the chassis of the chassis system when driving on country roads and to assess the smoothness of the machine and the working conditions of the operator. In addition, it allows you to rationally choose the speed at which over-resonant or pre-resonant ranges of operation will be provided.

In order to identify the role of data storage in the monitoring system of a telecommunications device, a conceptual design method was used, which was based on the basic principles of the Telecommunication Management Network concept, which is a network management system for telecommunication operators. Based on this concept, it was possible to design a data storage model in the monitoring system of a telecommunications device, which clearly reflects the separation of databases involved in the telecommunications network at different levels of the concept. A description of the differences between the databases assigned to each specific level from each other and an explanation of the functional features of each of the databases under consideration, as well as a description of the data circulation process over the network, is presented. The work focuses on describing the contents of the database of a specific telecommunications device, which is the object of control in the communication network, with the possibility of developing an interface to this database, which makes it convenient to search, view and modify stored data. To designate the information stored in the database of a telecommunications device, a fragment of the database was developed containing a set of attributes characterizing the device, their values and parameters of attribute values. The role of the database interface is to enable the user to quickly and easily access the information contained in the database.

The article presents the results of the study of the problem of long-term care system implementation, taking into account the specific conditions of a psychoneurological residential institution. Today, the longterm care system is relevant and in demand due to the fact that it provides an opportunity for people with disabilities to enjoy a better and full quality of life. It is especially important for people suffering from neuropsychiatric diseases, who are unable to lead independent life activities and need longterm care. The greatest successes in theory and practice in the implementation of long-term care systems have been achieved in developed foreign countries: the USA, Japan, and Europe. In Russia today we can observe the formation of a comprehensive system of long-term care in the conditions of a psychoneurological residential institution. Therefore, the aim of our work was to study the specifics of the implementation of long-term care in the conditions of a psychoneurological residential institution on the basis of an integrated approach. The study is based on the scientific works of various domestic and foreign researchers of this problem. Research methods: analysis, generalization, systematization. The results obtained - a detailed analysis of the essence of the problem under study, allowed to identify and analyze the specifics of the implementation of this system.

This research analyses the metadata of 15550 climatology publications indexed in the OpenAlex data catalogue of the types ‘article’ (95%), ‘book’ (3%) and ‘book-chapter’ (2%). The research covers the period from 1851 to the present. Bibliometrix and VOSviewer software tools were used for data processing and analysis, and Scimago Graphica was used to visualise the results. As a result of the research, new data on the periods of authors' publication activity by subject, supported by the systematisation of the main scientific achievements and changes of those times, were obtained. The structure of access to publications in climatology and its impact on the attention of the scientific community, thematic diversity and the most relevant current research areas were also analysed.

Information is provided on the application of risk management technology to the analysis of the quality of paint and varnish coatings on a cement substrate. A diagram of the occurrence of defects in the process of painting building products and structures is presented. The structural diagram of the reliability of protective and decorative coatings for cement concrete is considered. The structural diagram of the reliability of protective and decorative coatings is presented as a set of three elements connected in series: the coating itself, the contact layer and the substrate (plaster). The probability of destruction of coatings and the contact layer during the process of cyclic freezing and thawing has been assessed. Risk values were calculated. It was revealed that the risk associated with the destruction of the contact layer is less compared to the risk of destruction of the coating from the surface. Economic damage was calculated. Recommendations are given to reduce the risk of destruction of the coating-substrate system, which consists of increasing the adhesion strength of the coating to the substrate, which will reduce the risk associated with destruction of the contact layer.

The article is dedicated to the study of silicate fillers on the base of rice production waste and their perspective application in epoxy and polyvinylchloride composite materials. The authors evaluate the impact of phase and granulometric composition, porosity of fillers, the temperature of their obtaining on modifying effect. The comparative analysis of obtained fillers with industrial Aerosil and fully amorphous silicon dioxide is implemented. The effectiveness of application of rice husk ash burnt at 500°C is proven from technical, economic and environmental aspects.

The article provides a retrospective analysis of the research in the field of environmental safety, including the correlation of the identified thematic stages with the historical development of environmental policy. The set goals are achieved by assessing the distribution of the publications volume on environmental safety by years and periods as well as cluster analysis of scientific terms in this topic. The work used methods of bibliometric analysis of metadata from 49 thousand documents from the Dimensions platform, published between 1933 and 2024. Vosviewer.Introduction and Scimago Graphica software tools were used to visualize the data.

The article analyzes the current state of research in the field of green building (green OR sustainable) AND (building OR architecture), as well as a search for correlation when comparing the world map of publication activity in the field of green building with the list of leading countries implementing green projects in one of the leading certifications. The set goals are achieved by assessing the distribution of the volume of publications on green building by country and cluster analysis of scientific communications in this topic. The authors used methods of bibliometric analysis of metadata of 46 thousand documents from the Dimensions platform over 49 years. The Vosviewer software tool was used to visualize the data.

One of the characteristic properties of organofluorine compounds is their low surface energy. In this regard, surfactants containing perfluoroalkyl groups, as a rule, are much more effective than their nonfluorinated analogues. The unique character of fluorinated surfactants is also determined by their pronounced oleophobic properties. Surfaces treated with fluorinated surfactants are not only water-repellent, as in the case of their hydrocarbon analogues, but also benzo- and oil-repellent. Fluorotensides are highly resistant to oxidants and aggressive substances (acids, alkalis, chlorine, etc.). They also have high temperature resistance, withstand oxygen shock, have a solidification temperature of up to -160 °C, do not change properties at a dose rate of up to 108 rad. The applications of surfactants are extremely diverse. One of the methods of increasing the wear resistance of friction pairs is the method of surface treatment of friction pairs with fluorotensides. Fluorotensides are multicomponent systems that include organofluorine surfactants in various solvents and regulatory additives. In Russia, brands of fluorotensides have been created that surpass foreign samples in many respects, which has significantly expanded the scope of their application.

One of the most common problem that researchers encounter when using fluorescence to visualize immunohistochemistry is the autofluorescence of the studied organ tissue sections and cell cultures. Autofluorescence quenching is necessary for a wide variety of organs and tissues, as well as for different methods of fixation and histochemical processing of sections. In addition to autofluorescence quenching, it is necessary to take into account the need for histological readability of tissue sections when using counterstains afterwards. Such protocol refinement for fluorescent immunohistochemistry for chicken, porcine and cattle tissues was carried out for the first time, as well as the use of a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution with ethanol as Sudan Black B (SBB) solvent. Incubation of sections in SBB was chosen as the simplest and most nonspecific one. The most effective dissolution of the dye is achieved at a concentration of 0.3% SBB in a solution of 70% ethanol and absolutized DMSO in a 4:1 v/v ratio. The most thorough removal of SBB solution excess is achieved by rinsing the sections 5 times with 70% ethanol and then rinsing the sections with TBST (tris-buffered saline and Tween-20) buffer 5 times.

The paper examines the issues of providing electrical energy to tractors operating on electric traction. Problems associated with the lack of infrastructure necessary for charging and recharging traction batteries are described. The rationale for the operation of electric tractors in agriculture is given. The article provides an overview of the available types of charging stations, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as some technical characteristics. The development and use of mobile charging stations for charging and recharging traction batteries of electric tractors directly in the field is substantiated. The main results provide information about the designed mobile charging station. The article contains a description of the design and composition of a mobile charging station, through which traction batteries are charged directly in the field. The rationale for choosing the type of charging station and the method of supplying it with electrical energy is presented. Particular attention is paid to the rational choice of storage batteries that will be located in the charging station. An assessment of the used rechargeable batteries is carried out, their main advantages and disadvantages are given, as well as the type of batteries chosen for use is justified.

Studies of epigeal bryophytes growing on the territory of public facilities in Bryansk have been carried out and the prospects of using mossy ones for the landscape organization of an urbanized environment have been considered. The studies were conducted under conditions of different levels of insolation and with different soil conditions. The species composition of the living ground cover was determined, the general projective cover of the living ground cover, the general projective cover of bryophytes, and the projective cover of each bryophyte species were established. The general and particular projective coverage of mosses was determined according to the methodology developed by us using information technology. The conducted studies have shown that the abundance and occurrence of epigeic bryophytes, as well as the dominance of mossy species in urban parks depends on the growing conditions. Bryophytes are less demanding on soil fertility, which leads to their dominance in conditions of serious disturbance of the soil cover or in its absence. Epigeic bryophytes of the parks Bryansk has a number of decorative characteristics, due to which they have a beneficial effect on the aesthetic appearance of green areas.

The relevance of the research undertaken in this article is determined by the fact that recently the concept of sustainable development has changed significantly, and from an auxiliary element ensuring the implementation of production processes, it has become a powerful tool for organizing and conducting production activities in agriculture. Grain production management, based on the use of the concept of sustainable development, is the most important direction for optimizing the production system in any developed country. The presented article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the organization and management of agricultural production in the transition to sustainable development. The necessity of using the concept of sustainable development as a basic condition for the successful development of environmentally friendly agricultural production is substantiated. The perspective directions of interaction of participants in the agricultural production system during the transition to sustainable development are considered. A system of measures adapted to the conditions of environmental management is proposed, contributing to the successful functioning of agricultural production, taking into account the basic principles of sustainable development.

The issues of choosing structural control schemes for finishing lines for products made of natural wood are considered. A literature review is given. In the block diagrams of these systems, single-level, two-level and three-level systems can be used, depending on the complexity of the control object and control tasks. The criteria by which it is necessary to choose structural control schemes and TCA tools are shown. Block diagrams of direct (direct) digital control of the process can be considered optimal. For these purposes, an algorithm for the direct control process is given.

The article describes the main consumers of milling tools (mulchers and rotovators) in the context of the sectors of the national economy, considers the classification features and features of the design and layout of these tools on energy carriers. The range of the main manufacturers of milling tools in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus, countries of near and far abroad is described. It is noted that, despite the effectiveness of the use of tracked vehicles in a number of operating conditions, about 95% of this equipment has a wheeled propulsion type. Special attention is paid to the delimitation of the scope of mulchers and rotovators, as well as the possibility of using disk attachments for shredding trees and shrubs.

The key features of the integral tractor concept are considered. The roles of controlled inter-axle and inter-wheel power distribution mechanisms are analyzed. Variants of the transmission structure are proposed. An example of simplified kinematic diagrams of interaxle and interwheel power distribution mechanisms is considered. Approaches to determining the external parameters of such mechanisms, their control technology, and the technological base for their design and manufacture are proposed.

The global trend in the ecological and social functions of forest ecosystems is indicated, and an analysis of the consequences of increasing the area of protective forests in the Russian Federation is given (Forest Code of the Russian Federation, adopted in 2006). The issue of the possibility of carrying out landscape logging work in the area of Syktyvkar (middle taiga of the Komi Republic) in order to improve the aesthetic and recreational appearance of plantings, forestry effect, as well as obtaining pulpwood for JSC “Mondi Syktyvkar” with a minimum hauling distance is considered. An analysis of the hydrographic network and group of forest types in the middle taiga of the Komi Republic is presented. Proposals for carrying out logging operations along the hydrographic network are given. The target wood species for such work has been identified. A system of machines (VSRM + KS) is proposed for organizing and implementing the technological process of wood harvesting in these natural production conditions.

The article gives the data on the content of a number of steroid and thyroid hormones in the population of Tagil, Suksun and Holstein cattle under the conditions of increasing environmental temperature resulting in moderate stress reaction, as well as on the changes in endocrine system after temperature stress. Changes in function of vascular glands were found showing high resistance of Tagil cattle, moderate resistance of Suksun cattle and low resistance of Holstein cattle to temperature stress. The most significant changes were noted in thyroid panel of Tagil cattle that was shown by increasing synthesis of iodothyronine while environmental temperature changed from high to normal values (during post-stress period). The breeds with lower resistance had the signs of deterioration of adaption mechanism expressed in stronger unbalance reaction of hormonal axis.

The paper dwells upon the language and discourse processes in contemporary Russian and American poetry which focuses on “reformatting” the communicative situation coordinates under the influence of ordinary speech and the new media. The research suggests a linguo-pragmatic analysis of three Russian-American poetic vectors that characterize different strategies of subjectification, such as Gennady Aygi — Michael Palmer, Arkadii Dragomoshchenko — Barrett Watten, and Rachel Blau DuPlessis — Nika Skandiaka. These poetic practices manifest themselves in constructing a new communicative situation based on a referential shift along the lines of interiorization — exteriorization. Elaborating on this shift, we explore the interaction between inner speech, ordinary and poetic language, as well as the links between a poetic text and external (media)context. The unusual usage of pragmatic markers forms a new “poetic interface” and indicates the “transcoding” of the poetic subject in the coordinates of the actual communicative situation. Aygi and Palmer create different modes of poetic interface as a zone of active interaction between the addresser and the addressee, as well as inner speech, ordinary, and poetic language. In Dragomoshchenko’s and Watten’s poems, the “transcoding” of the subject manifests itself in various deictic shifts that mark complex relations of the subject with reality and language. The use of “graphic deixis” in DuPlessis’ and Skanidaka’s texts is informed by the impact of the Internet as a need to update the poetic statement in a new media-communicative situation.

The paper presents a technical solution for obtaining effective slag-alkali lightweight concrete on the basis of corn waste. The granulometric compositions, types and forms of waste at grinding for obtaining slag-alkali lightweight concrete on the basis of corn waste are developed; compositions and formulations of slag-alkali lightweight concrete based on shredded corn waste have been developed. As a result of the development of a new scheme of changing the mechanism of strength formation of slag-alkali lightweight concrete and optimization of its composition, lightweight concrete composites with compressive strength of 2.9-4.5 MPa and bond strength of aggregate with mineral matrix of 45.7-59.7 MPa were obtained.

The article examines the multilevel influence of the personality and ideas of Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951) on the literary text of the significant German writer (and academic literary researcher) of the 1990s W.G. Sebald (1944–2001) — first of all, on the example of his final work, the novel Austerlitz (2001), in which the most important themes and main stylistic and artistic strategies of the writer culminate. It is shown that the features of this text, including ways and patterns of movement and unfolding of thought in it, reflect and echo Wittgenstein’s ideas on “family resemblance” as a hidden principle organizing human language and experience (Philosophical Investigations, 1953). Since the research methodologically relies on a systematic approach, within which the writer’s creative heritage is viewed as a unity with its own hierarchy, structure, network of internal and external correspondences, an assumption is made, confirmed by several examples from other writer’s texts, that the identified functions and ways of existence of L. Wittgenstein’s image and ideas are characteristic for the literary text of the writer as a whole.

One of the serious environmental problems of our time is the impact on global climate change of the atmospheric pollution processes with greenhouse gases. Carbon dioxide is the most significant component of the anthropogenic impact on the heat balance of the earth. Therefore, reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is becoming increasingly important. Non-thermal plasma technology is considered as an attractive alternative for converting greenhouse gases into syngas and other valuable chemicals at lower temperatures. Highly active species generated in such a plasma are favourable for both initiation and propagation of chemical reactions. The combined effect of plasma and heterogeneous catalysis for fuel production from CH4 reforming has attracted increasing attention. The coupling between plasma and catalyst become complex when the catalyst is placed directly in the plasma. Both chemical and physical properties of the plasma and catalyst can be changed by the presence of each other. In this paper we studied resent progress in non-thermal plasma-catalysis research for CO2 capturing application.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the current problem of developing heuristic approaches in operational scheduling of production processes. The purpose of the study is related to the development of methods and algorithms for generating schedules for an arbitrary number of request vectors. The problem was formulated and formalized using scheduling schemes and priority rules. For numerical experimentation, a model of a program for generating a railway schedule and a test task were developed, including 4573 applications for weekly schedules of a railway network containing 100 stations, 128 hauls between stations, 100 passenger routes of different frequencies, 471 trains per week. The developed program model, in addition to carrying out calculations using the presented algorithms, visualizes the results of numerical experimentation in the form of spiral representations of station and haul schedules. The performance of the developed methods and algorithms has been confirmed. Conclusions and discussion of the study results are presented.

The article solves the problem of choosing a technology for heat treatment of gears of large diameter based on a system-resource approach for a particular enterprise. To solve the problem, a functional model was developed, the production resources available to the enterprise were analyzed, and the possibilities of developing solutions using system forecasting models were analyzed. Sketches of the solution were developed for transfer to the departments of mechanization and automation for further design and technological development and manufacturing.

The scientific article is devoted to the issues of a “green” economy, which ensures the creation of rational models of consumption and production, including the adoption of measures to reduce, recycle and reuse waste. The main branches of the processing industry, the system and mechanism of SHW (solid household waste) management in Russia are considered.

The article analyzes the current state of research in the field of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance), namely, the degree of relevance and demand for scientific articles on the ESG agenda among scientists - economists, ecologists, managers and sociologists and the scientific community as a whole. The goals are achieved by assessing the citation and thematic diversity of a field of knowledge, as well as identifying factors that influence the success of publications in this field. The work used methods of scientometric and bibliometric analysis of metadata of 3633 documents from the Crossref platform and 7512 documents from the Google Scholar platform for 2000-2023. The study showed that despite a moderate increase in publication activity, the demand for the ESG field remains insignificant. Multidisciplinary and review studies that systematize the literature rather than add to it and analyze new aspects of ESG are highly cited. The findings highlight the need for innovation and new approaches that can capture the attention of the scientific community and provide new impetus for the development of this important field. The ESG field requires active development and renewal in order to address current issues in the field of sustainability and corporate responsibility effectively.

Gridshell structures have gained significant attention in recent years due to their remarkable architectural flexibility, sustainable construction techniques, and aesthetically pleasing designs. This article explores the application of gridshell structures in the city of Moscow. The study begins with an introduction to the concept, construction methods, and advantages of gridshell structures. It further investigates their utilization in various architectural projects in Moscow, highlighting their contributions to the city's urban landscape and sustainability goals.

The authors carried out a modification of the surface of the working section of the experimental stand, which simulates the energy-loaded elements of thermonuclear installations. The surface was modified by the knurling method, as a result of which structures with a characteristic size of 250 μm were obtained. An experimental study of the heat transfer of a modified surface with a dispersed coolant flow was carried out. The excess pressure of the coolant at the nozzle inlet was (1.5–3.5) × 105 Pa), the mass flow rate of the coolant (distilled water) was (3.9–6.1)×10-3 kg/s, irrigation density varied within (4.2–6.2) kg/(m2·s), initial temperature of the coolant 25.8–26.4 °C. As a result, experimental dependences of the heat flux density and heat transfer coefficient on the temperature of the cooled wall were obtained. The results obtained on the modified surface were compared with the results obtained on the surface without modified structures under similar operating parameters of the coolant.

The prevalence of an innovative type of development based on environmental component is confirmed by the presence in the Strategy and Concept of Sustainable Development of Russia, the Concept of Sustainable Development of Rural Areas, the National Assessment of the progress of the Russian Federation in the transition to sustainable development. However, in Russia there is a lack of sufficient understanding of the role of innovation in solving environmental problems, and the system of innovation policy measures noticeably lags behind developed countries, and even some developing countries. Currently, the situation with solving environmental problems based on an innovative approach in Russia remains extremely acute. The modern innovative orientation of the world development makes it necessary to revise the content of the strategy in Russia in order not to lose its place in the world and take a more significant position there. Intensive development of grain production in the first half of the twentieth century became an objective condition for the transition of most grain-producing countries to innovative and progressive management schemes. The formed vector of ecological production based on an innovative approach in the organization of grain farming has provided significant results.

Icing is a negative factor in the operation of various structures and equipment. Ice, due to its physical characteristics, has an aggressive effect on the surfaces of many materials. The use of anti-icing coatings is one of the ways to passively prevent the negative effects of icing. Anti-icing coatings developed by Technological Systems of Protective Coatings LLC (TSZP LLC) are promising coatings intended for operation in the aquatic environment. The authors studied the performance characteristics of the developed anti-icing thermal thermal coatings with a surface layer of PTFE under field testing conditions. The results of the experiments carried out confirmed the anti-icing properties of the coatings under study.

With anthropogenic activity, as well as with changes in climatic, hydrological and landscape regimes, significant structural and spatial shifts occur in existing ecosystems. The deterioration of water quality also significantly affects the state of coastal water zones, structural and species composition. In the course of monitoring the Tsimlyansk reservoir using the AQUA-1 automated watercraft, the quality of natural water was determined, formalized relationships between the abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem were identified, the ecological state of the water intake zone was predicted, and the functioning of a number of structures that affect the regime and level of the reservoir. In order to improve the quality of water intake water, bioremediation was carried out using the planktonic microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, calculations of the invasion were made using computer programs. On the basis of the conducted monitoring studies, a hydrodynamic model of the reservoir bay was compiled, a model of an automated watercraft for biospheric monitoring was developed, an optimized scheme for the introduction of Chlorella vulgaris into the reservoir. The main biological indicators-indicators of water intake zones have been established, taking into account changes in the hydrological regime. The positive impact of the environmentally safe bioremediation of water at the water intakes of the Tsimlyansk reservoir in order to improve the quality of natural water used for drinking purposes and fish farming is shown.

The aim of the work is to find technical solutions that provide a complete reversal of the transmission on the example of an integral tractor, while allowing maximum use of commercially available units or installed as an option for a serial machine. The objects of study are mainly the chassis of a wheeled integral tractor designed for agriculture. The relevance of creating fully reversible transmissions for integral tractors and other agricultural, road-building and transport machines is shown. The variants of installation places for the reverse gear are considered, the features of loading and the principles of designing the reverse gear for specific placement points are analyzed. The most promising options for the case of an integral tractor based on a serially produced chassis were chosen - placement of a controlled power distribution mechanism in the rear axle gear housing or instead of wheel gears. Kinematic schemes and a technique for determining gear ratios and kinematic parameters are proposed. The reverse gear control technologies and the technological base for the design and manufacture of such mechanisms are indicated: when designing an integral tractor in accordance with the principle of maximum unification with a serial chassis, it is advisable to place the reverse gear in the drive axle housing; when developing an original reverse transmission and a new carrier system, the reverse gear should be located in front of the gearbox; in the design of the reverse gear, it is preferable not to use a blocking clutch, replacing it with a planetary gear set and a brake.

In the context of unfolding global processes of the post-industrialization, informatization and the growth of knowledge components of economic development, the higher education system as an element of the economic and cultural compound of the countries and states acts as a moderating medium between all socio-economic subsystems of modern society. With the impact of global processes, the national higher education system assesses and neutralizes global risks, where it is possible, and creates sustainable trends of their effective adaptation. Regardless of the devotion level of the regional educational system and regardless of the priorities of the state educational system, it is impossible to exclude diffusion of the trends, tendencies and the global technologies. That is why, for the higher education systems of countries, the transformation of higher education systems in these conditions involves the adoption of a special model of such transformation – converged, which allows to identify the most dynamic, effective and relevant processes of change and to detect on this basis the main objectives of transformation and mechanisms for its implementation. With the expansion of information and technological processes in the society and in the aspect of the increasing restrictions of social mobility, the higher education takes on new meanings and new significance. In a globalized environment, the transformation of the autonomous higher education systems implicates the adoption of the specific model of transformation – the converged one. From these perspectives, the appreciation of the impact of global trends and tendencies to the transformation of stable patterns and links between the higher education economy seems to be a promising subject of research.

The article presents the results of the study of the essence and specificity of the term "sustainable development", as well as the development of its author's vision in modern realities. Currently, sustainable development is one of the key trends in the development of the world. At the same time, it affects almost all aspects of society and the state. It is explained by the fact that it is based on three important areas: economic, environmental and social. However, there are both opponents and supporters of the concept of sustainable development. The greatest success in implementation in practice and scientific results have been achieved by researchers in developed foreign countries: Europe, USA, Japan, etc. At the same time, there is no unified position in the essence and peculiarities of such a complex interdisciplinary category. The purpose of this work was to develop an adequate approach to assessing the modern interpretation of the term "sustainable development". The study is based on the work of many domestic and foreign authors. The main method of work is analytical. The results obtained -a detailed analysis of the development of approaches to the studied terminology, allowed us to formulate the author's current approach to this concept.