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The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the main features and historical-political reasons behind the presidentialism proposal advanced by Piero Calamandrei in the Constituent Assembly. The Author illustrates this proposal not only within the context of the Florentine jurist’s thought, but also within the broader field of institutional reforms and the Italian political system, highlighting the factors that undermine the stability of the executive.

Copyright of Revue Française de Géotechnique is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue d'Orthopédie Dento-Faciale is the property of Parresia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Seasonality due to environmental influences often affects contact between species for food or shelter as well as the spread and persistence of diseases from those vector species. Epidemic models may capture seasonality patterns in a phenomenological way by making the epidemiological parameters and the population demographics are time-periodic. A mathematical model with these features for the dengue fever is analyzed, to such an extent that the threshold between uniform persistence and extinction of the disease is established, that is: there exists a unique positive disease-free periodic solution being globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproductive number is greater that one, but it is unstable when the basic reproductive number is less than one, in whose situation there exists at least one non-trivial positive periodic solution and dengue fever is endemic in the community. At last, numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the theoretical results.

In this paper, the stability of rectangular cracked plates with nonlinearly variable thickness resting on the elastic foundations is studied. The thickness of the plate varies exponentially along the x-axis. Meanwhile, the elastic foundation is modeled by a two-parameter Pasternak elastic foundation type. The crack is assumed at the center of the plate with variable length and angle of inclination. The establishment of the stability equations of the cracked plate is based on the Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory (HSDT) combined with the phase field theory. Next, using the finite element method to solve the equations to find the minimum force that causes plate instability. To test the reliability of the computational theory, the results are compared with several reputable published papers. Then, the article will investigate the influence of elastic foundation, crack location, crack length and crack inclination on the stability of plate. The results show that the elastic foundation has a great influence on the plate stability, while the crack inclination angle has less influence. Finally, there are some images of the destabilization patterns of cracked plates placed on an elastic foundation.

We present a (partial) historical summary of the mathematical analysis of finite difference and finite volume methods, paying special attention to the Lax–Richtmyer and Lax–Wendroff theorems. We then state a Lax–Wendroff consistency result for convection operators on staggered grids (often used in fluid flow simulations), which illustrates a recent generalization of the flux consistency notion designed to cope with general discrete functions.

For the double power one dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we establish a complete classification of the stability or instability of standing waves with positive frequencies. In particular, we fill out the gaps left open by previous studies. Stability or instability follows from the analysis of the slope criterion of Grillakis, Shatah and Strauss. The main new ingredients in our approach are a reformulation of the slope and the explicit calculation of the slope value in the zero-frequency case. Our theoretical results are complemented with numerical experiments.

According to regulations and standards, all buildings and structures must fulfil the requirements for mechanical safety. At the same time, the safety of structures must be ensured throughout their entire service life. The annual increase in the number of accidents due to terrorist acts, domestic gas explosions, collisions of vehicles with load-bearing structures, etc. has led to the creation of normative documents on the protection of buildings from progressive collapse. At the same time, the issue of buildings sustainability, which were designed without taking into account these requirements and which may have suffered localized damage during operation, remains open. Such buildings include monolithic houses with flat slabs, which have been erected since the beginning of the XXI century. The aim of the work is to study the resistance of these frames to accidental impacts and the influence on the survivability of structures of local defects in the most critical zone of the column-slab junction. Calculations on stability assessment in case of emergency of a fragment of a 9-storey monolithic building have been performed and it has been established that at certain combinations of damages in the support zones, progressive destruction of neighboring structures may occur.

Prismatic tanks are used widely in various industrial applications, including marine and petroleum, due to their ease in design and storage capacity. However, these tanks often experience sloshing issues that can affect vessel stability. Sloshing effects can cause undesirable motions and impact the system's overall performance. This study focuses on analyzing the effect of perforated shapes on fixed baffles as a solution to reduce the sloshing effect in prismatic tanks. Baffle or anti-sloshing is an internal partition used to minimize the movement of liquid in the tank. The analysis method uses Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), which is a particle method or can be referred to as mesh-free computational fluid dynamics. The parameters tested include the perforated shape and the filling ratio of the water filling in the tank. The analysis found that the perforated form of the baffles has a significant effect on reducing the sloshing effect. The perforated shape of the fixed baffles has the same impact on reducing the sloshing effect of the prismatic tank. There is no significant difference in the ability of each baffle shape to overcome the sloshing problem. The findings from this study can guide designers or engineers in designing prismatic tanks that are more stable and reduce the effects of sloshing. Using baffles with the right perforated shape can optimize tank performance in maritime and shipping.

A significant class of water pollutants emerging as a threat to human and aquaticpopulations is Per-and-polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The primary concern linked to PFAS is that they exhibit bioaccumulation potential as their perfluorocarbon moieties do not break down or do so very slowly under natural conditions, which is why PFAS has often been termed “forever chemicals.” These chemicals are disposed off in aquatic bodies via improper disposal methods, and because PFAS are persistent, they accumulate or concentrate in the water environment. Subsequently, these chemicals hamper the aquatic population and further enter the human food chain via direct consumption of affected aquatic species and drinking water. In this study, a mathematical model has been developed to understand the alarming consequences of PFAS on human and aquatic populations and the various challenges being faced due to inadequate treatment and management of these chemicals. The model has been analyzed for stability at the equilibrium points. Numerical simulations have also been carried out to support the analytical findings. The analysis demonstrates that rising PFAS contamination is extremely hazardous to both aquatic and human populations and immediate control methods need to be devised to restrain their increasing levels in water.

Western Balkans, due to its positioning in the geographical area makes it an unsettled region, given the general view of security, while we can mention the several wars that this region has experienced over the decades; meanwhile, the risk of wars and conflicts has always been present, use of force and diplomatic pressure between countries, as well as internal issues of the states have failed to be settled and they still do not have a correct relationship between them. Basically, in the aftermath of the Cold War and even after 2000s international political and social climate aimed at promoting inclusive peace through building and consolidating both the rights and obligations of the states in the international relations, state building, stability, etc. This paper tries to analyze and describe the environment of internal and external security in which countries of the Western Balkans are, as well as obstacles that prevent a closer and long-term collaboration between Western Balkans in advancing towards an organization of great importance for security, such as NATO. The main method employed in this paper is the observation and the analyzation of such an important tool as the diplomacy between the WB countries to install peace and security for the population of the WB region.

This article reviews some important steps in the development and application of the variational approach to fracture. It emphasizes the essential role played by the permanent dialogue between mechanicians and applied mathematicians in bringing about this new paradigm and ensuring its undeniable success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we establish a coupled fixed point theorem of a coupled multivalued mapping defined on a complete metric space. In our result we use a new contractive inequality. There are rational terms in the expression of the inequality. The contractive condition on the nonlinear map is assumed only to hold on the elements that are related by a binary relation. The main theorem has several corollaries and is illustrated with example. The main result is deduced in metric spaces. Its consequences are discussed for α- admissible mapping as well as in metric spaces with partial order and graph respectively.

Introduction: Retention is the set of means, processes or devices that contribute to maintaining the teeth in the position and the arches in the shape given by the orthodontic treatment. The main objective is to propose Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) on orthodontic retention by answering four main questions. This article provides the first part of the answer to the second question: How effective are the retention devices?, Materials and Methods: A literature review was carried out after a bibliographic search using keywords in bibliographic databases and in international organizations websites., Results: 652 articles were selected after the bibliographic search, and only 53 met the inclusion criteria. These were used to develop the CPG full-text and guidelines., Discussion: Ten CPGs were issued from this review, divided into 12 items, 10 of which are grade C and 2 are expert agreements., Conclusion: Forty CPGs about orthodontic retention were proposed from this literature review, 10 of which are presented in this second part. In the mandible, fixed retention provides better stability than removable retention and 6-tooth retention is more effective in maintaining incisal alignment. Fixed and removable retention are equivalent in maintaining extraction spaces and arch length. Removable retention allows for minimal tooth movement and establishment of occlusal contacts.

The thematic register of the first two volumes of Radu Todoran’s lyrics, whith hedonism, light, shadow and vegetation as main aspects, is enriched, in the third volume, with the mineral. Through its roughness, the stone, the mineral, leads to the idea of dissolution, but through properties as cold and quiet, thus helping and leading the lyrical self to inner purification. A crisis of poetic consciousness follows, with an emotional dissolution, a breach induced by the changes in contemporary society, each time described with serious irony. Light, plant life and beloved appear sporadically, and only as a memory of past times marked by happiness and color. The vegetal, though luxurious, is overshadowed by the mineral which looks like petrifying everything, by strange animals and ancient gods.

Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Résumé: En oncologie, l'antalgie est un enjeu majeur de la prise en charge du patient. La « Patient-controlled analgesia » est une méthode permettant au patient de gérer lui-même sa douleur, mais elle n'est pas toujours applicable en cas de transfert des patients. L'objectif de ce travail a été de valider l'utilisation d'un dispositif portable d'intérêt permettant de mimer l'action de pompes électriques pour deux molécules : morphine et oxycodone. Des études de stabilités ainsi que la vérification de la conformité des spécificités vis-à-vis du débit ont été étudiées, en parallèle une réflexion sur le circuit de dispensation a été menée. Les deux molécules sont stables sur une durée d'au moins 30 heures. Une conformité de la valeur des débits a pu être montrée. Le circuit « prescription – dispensation – administration » a été définit et sécurisé. Ceci a pu permettre de valider et de mettre en place l'utilisation de ce dispositif. In oncology, analgesia is a major issue in patient management. "Patient-controlled analgesia" (PCA) is a method that allows patients to manage their own pain, but it is not always applicable when patients are transferred. The objective of this work was to validate the use of a portable device allowing to mimic the action of electric pumps use for PCA. For this purpose, two drugs were studied and analyzed. Stability studies, as well as the verification of the conformity of the specificities with regard to the flow rate were studied, in parallel a reflection on the dispensing circuit was carried out. Both molecules are stable for at least 30 hours. Compliance of the flow rates was demonstrated. The "prescription – dispensation – administration" circuit was defined and secured. These tests allowed us to "validate" this device and to use it in real life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The changes in temperature levels can potentially affect the toxins in terms of stability and immunological properties via alteration of their structures. Diphtheria Toxin (DT) is highly considered by scientists since its mechanism of action is similar to those of most bacterial toxins, such as botulinum, tetanus, and anthrax. The protection of conformational B-cell epitopes is critically important in the process of diphtheria vaccine production. This study aimed to evaluate the conformational changes of the DT structure at three different temperature levels (27˚C, 37˚C, and 47˚C) using molecular dynamic simulations. Secondary structures were analyzed in YASARA software. According to the results, significant decreases were observed in percentages of the β-sheets, turns, and the helices of the DT structure at 47˚C in comparison with those at 27˚C and 37˚C. Furthermore, the tertiary structure of the DT was compared at different temperatures using the contact map. Accordingly, the results showed that the root-mean-square deviation of the DT structure increased upon temperature rising. In addition, amino acids D68, G128, G171, C186, and K534-S535 at 27˚C and 37˚C, as well as amino acids G26, P38, S291, T267, H384, A356, and V518 at 47˚C showed higher root mean square fluctuation values. The finding demonstrated that the stability of the DT structure decreased at high temperature (47˚C). The solvent-accessible surface area diagram showed that the hydrophobicity of the DT structure increased via temperature rising, and the amino acid residues belonging to B-cell epitopes extended through increasing temperature. However, B-cell epitopes belonging to the junction region of chains A and B were only present at 37˚C. The results of this study are expected to be applicable for determining a suitable temperature level for the production process of the diphtheria vaccine.

The audit of fiscal obligations, or the fiscal audit, as it is also called in the specialized literature, can be considered both as an integral part of the financial audit of the annual financial statements, and as an independent audit. Fiscal obligations are obligations that all economic entities in Romania have and that have a special characteristic, respectively they bear interest and penalties for delay or non-declaration. These fiscal obligations are part of the budget revenues and represent the support of the expenses that the state administers. From another point of view, the level of these fiscal obligations and the way in which they are declared and paid, constitute reference points for the partners of the respective entities - state authorities, shareholders, banks, creditors, suppliers, customers, employees, and others. An entity that has up-to-date tax obligations, proves financial stability and security for all individuals and legal entities with which it interacts. even more so because of financial instability or even imminent bankruptcy.

This study considers the stability of a non-inflectional elastica under a conservative end force subject to the Dirichlet, mixed, and Neumann boundary conditions. It is demonstrated that the non-inflectional elastica subject to the Dirichlet boundary conditions is unconditionally stable, while for the other two boundary conditions, sufficient criteria for stability depend on the signs of the second derivatives of the tangent angle at the endpoints.

The research is devoted to developing the science-based technological solution for obtaining crumb rubber modified bitumen (CRMB) with improved stability. The technological solution provides a preliminary process of devulcanization of crumb rubber in hydrocarbon plasticizer in the presence of stabilizing agent and subsequent preparation of CRMB. Using fluorescent microscopy, it was established that the formation of a branched structure of crumb rubber is achieved in the waste industrial oil, indicating devulcanization processes. It was found that the most compatible with crumb rubber is a hydrocarbon plasticizer with a high content of naphthenic oil. Synthetic wax was found to be of greater interest as a stabilizing agent, and its application in an amount of 3% allows the formation of a stable CRMB structure and stabilizes the devulcanization process. The test results of obtained CRMB showed that their viscosity corresponds to the requirements for PG bitumen

The optical influence of mixing methylammonium lead chlorine (MAPbCl3) with iodine and bromine was studied in this work. The spin coating method deposited three layers of perovskites (MAPbCl3, MAPbCl2I, and MAPbCl2Br) on a layer of zinc oxide (ZnO). The zinc oxide solution was prepared by dissolving dehydrated zinc acetate [Zn(CH3COO)2, 2H2O]> 99.5% purity in ethanol to give a 0.5 M solution. The perovskite solutions were prepared using lead chloride (PbCl2), methylammonium chloride (MACl), methylammonium iodide (MAI), and methylammonium bromide (MABr). The precursor containing iodine was dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and the others in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO 99.9%). The films produced were characterized by UV-Visible. The analysis showed that the sample mixed with iodine has good properties. This sample absorbs the most and has a small band gap of 2 eV. The degradation study reveals that the unmixed sample (MAPbCl3) is the most stable.

The calculating stability of an engineering structure against progressive collapse is considered in this article. The calculations results are analyzed. A dangerous emergency scenario was developed and measures were developed to prevent the progressive building collapse in the structures local destruction in accordance with the regulatory documents requirements for such an object. The most dangerous design schemes are considered to assess the structure stability against progressive collapse. A scenario for calculating stability against progressive collapse in the case of local failure has been selected, and a consistent action algorithm has been obtained that makes it possible to perform a calculation for resistance to progressive collapse., The kinematic method of the limit equilibrium theory for structures with elastic-plastic materials properties is used to calculate the resistance to progressive collapse. It corresponds to the turning the system into a plastic kinematic chain, the links movement is carried out due to the plastic flow of the system's links. Two types of undamaged structures were identified to assess the building resistance to progressive collapse: neighbouring beams and columns, in which local destruction impact does not cause a qualitative change in the stress state, but leads to an increase in stresses and forces (neighboring beams, columns); pavement slabs resting on a beam and welded through embedded parts to a beam that has lost its original support, and located above a local fracture, the stress state changes. The conclusion is made about the requirements that should be met in order to conclude the calculation justification so it can be said that resistance to progressive collapse is ensured. It has been established that the calculations performed confirm the object stability - the drainage chamber to progressive collapse in the local destruction as an emergency situations result.

Wide application in the construction of thin-walled steel rods of an open profile requires taking into account the peculiarities of the work of load-bearing structural elements under the action of the entire complex of loads. For a number of rod systems consisting of I-beam profiles, it is impossible to exclude torsion under the action of compressive forces, which leads to the appearance of additional normal stresses in the profile. In this regard, it is necessary to study the actual operation of compressed I-beams under the action of torsional loads. The bearing capacity of a compressed I-beam profile strut with constrained torsion is considered. The method of conducting an experimental study of a centrally and off-center compressed I-beam profile strut under the action of longitudinal force and bimoment is presented. The analysis of the effect of the bimoment on the bearing capacity of a centrally and off-center compressed thin-walled rod of an open profile with constrained torsion is performed. The bearing capacity of the centrally and off-center compressed I-beam profile strut from the action of longitudinal force and bimoment was experimentally determined, which was compared with the results of numerical calculations in finite element formulation, taking into account geometric and physical nonlinearity in conditions of constrained torsion. According to the results of the experiment, the possibility of using numerical modeling to assess the stability of centrally and off-center compressed thin-walled rods was established. open profile with constrained torsion under various schemes of external force.

In all cases of designing retaining walls (RS) on roads, their main purpose is to ensure the stability of the roadway. At the same time, special attention is paid to ensuring the stability of the retaining walls themselves, on which the stability of the structure as a whole depends. Therefore, it seems advisable to first determine the area of the roadway within which the roadside walls are guaranteed to be stable against overturning in accordance with the applicable regulations on the road where the retaining walls are to be designed. The article deals with the problem of forming the mentioned zone in the body of the embankment of the road for the optimal placement of reinforced concrete thin-walled retaining walls in it.

When all links are changes in the cascade is the corner of the shape in the dc division energy orbit (DEO). When resistances are intermission betwixt one by one stylish changes in that would possibly end up so the cascaded orbits are unsteady. They are antecedent we can place in a nearer to the useful in the cascaded orbit can be got in compelled to vary the supply they have load changes in the internal structure of the same regions in the electrical device they can be opposed in a quality of the characteristic of dc DEO. Throughout the Associate in nursing adaptation active device in the (AACC) we can know another determined in the cascaded orbit. Therefore the AACC was connected by side by side in the cascaded orbit’s they can mediate in between the carries and completely a requirement of a notice then they carries the voltage with none modification in this subsystems. when the cascaded orbits have their quantity of it slowly it will extend in time. They have activity fundamental truth to stop their magnificence thought in the AACC are mentioned throughout of this project, it can have four thousand eight hundred and zero watts cascaded orbit was contain a strive of process to move in a full-bridge changes they can be styli shed and evaluated. So when the simulation solutions have to clear the performance of the arrangement of AACC.

Since geosynthetic interfaces often serve as a weak plane on which sliding may occur, shear strengths of these interfaces need to be carefully assessed. In this case study, geosynthetic and soil samples were exhumed from the base and side slope of a constructed facility to generate site specific data. The importance of using representative materials and performing the shear interface testing under conditions similar to those expected in the field are discussed. Once the test data was available, they were used in a stability analysis software package to determine the Factor of Safety (FoS) of the barrier system. Lastly, to illustrate the risk of using literature shear strengths parameters without confirming them during construction, the FoS using actual shear strengths will be compared to the design FoS which used literature shear strengths.

In relationship with urban expansion at the level of cities located in the Sais basin, several projects have been carried out and others still in progress. Therefore, the recognition of the mechanical characteristics of soils and subsoil remains essential before any construction project, in order to avoid the shrinkage-swelling phenomenon associated with marls soil. In order to minimize the risk of instability, the present work consists of the characterization and study of the mechanical behavior of marly soils in some locations of Sais basin. In-situ tests have been performed in the field and samples submitted to other geotechnical tests in the laboratory such as the odometer compressibility and direct shear tests. The obtained results show that the studied marly soils exhibit strongly consolidated behaviors with the depth according to Menard test, and to the ratio of the pressiometric modulus (EM) and the corrected limit pressure (PL*).

Copyright of Orthodontie Française is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Economics & Finance (2437-0630) is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Algerian Journal of Arid Environment (AJAE) is the property of University of Kasdi Merbah Ouargla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Report from the conference.

In this paper we use the Krasnoselskii-Burton's fixed point theorem to obtain asymptotic stability and stability results about the zero solution for the following nonlinear neutral Levin-Nohel integro-dynamic equation xΔ (t)+∫tt-τ (t) a(t,s)g(x(s)) Δ s+c(t)xΔ̃ (t-τ (t)) = 0. The results obtained here extend the work of Ali Khelil, Ardjouni and Djoudi [Korean J. Math, 2017].

In this article, the author has analyzed what types of food security policies need to be develop and implement depending on the dimensions of food security in order to improve the situation of food security. Improving the current situation regarding the food security is a dilemma not only related to the national level of a country but also worldwide. The consequences of economic growth and the level of globalization for some countries have been quite impressive, especially for industrial countries, but not for developing and emerging countries. The European Community together with such organizations as the UN and the FAO have come up with quite impressive policies on improving food security, namely the four specific dimensions: insurance, access, use and stability. The main directions of improvement for each food security policy has been analyzed by the author at the level of the country of the Europe and Central Asia region. The scientific methods used by the author are: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, history and logic. As a result of research, we find that regardless of the level of development of the country, the state must pay particular attention to the development of such a direction as: increasing the volume of domestic food production, facilitating food imports in the country, creating jobs.

Copyright of Journal of Mathematics, Mechanics & Computer Science is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

First-principles calculations were performed to determine the effect of Pt and Ru ternary alloying on structural, mechanical and dynamical properties of the binary Pm-3m-FeAl. FeAl based alloys are important for high-temperature applications due to their high oxygen corrosion resistance. Moreover, they are a major driver as a component for better infrastructure, industrial coating, and the improvement of automotive parts. The density functional theory (DFT) method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) approach was employed to perform all the calculations. The equilibrium cell parameters of the binary FeAl were predicted to be more than 90% in good agreement with the experimental data, warranting the validity of the approach employed. We found that Pt and Ru ternary alloying on FeAl significantly enhances the mechanical hardness, ductility and dynamical stability.

We proposed a prey-predator model portraying interaction in Detritus food chains. The primary view of this paper is to describe the interaction in the Detritus food chain due to the presence of a predator in mangrove ecosystems. Predation by assuming that the predator takes more time to eat its prey. We analyze the local stability of the equilibria point. Numerical simulations are achieved to clarify the theoretical result and display the change in the equilibria point solution through a bifurcation diagram. The numerical continuity of carrying capacity parameters in the system solution indicated the presence of the Hopf Bifurcation.

There are various rock mass structures in the overlying strata of the goaf, such as cavities, cracks and separation layers. The phenomenon of under compaction with these structures still exists. Under the action of various natural forces, loads and other external forces, the broken rock mass in the relatively balanced goaf will produce structural deformation and compaction, resulting in surface subsidence. This paper expounds the surface subsidence of goaf from the aspects of surface subsidence mechanism, evaluation of surface stability of goaf and influencing factors of tower foundation stability, which provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of goaf.

The aim of this work is the formulation and the study of a stock-effort fishing model, in which the fish population is structured by age and is governed by the McKendrick-von Foerster partial differential equation while the fishing effort is described by an ordinary differential equation. In this model, the number of vessels increases when the fishery makes profit, otherwise it decreases. The existence and uniqueness of solutions for the system are proved by using the Banach fixed point theorem. Existence of several stationary solutions is studied: extinction equilibrium where there are no fish and there is no fishing, a Fishery Free Equilibrium (FFE) as well as a Sustainable Fishery Equilibrium (SFE). A relatively simple method is used to arrive at a condition of stability of stationary solutions.

Copyright of Orthodontie Française is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyses responses to supply and demand shocks in PIIGS countries. We compare the results obtained for PIIGS with those of Germany and the USA, and also with those of France, which despite its government’s efforts demonstrate relatively poor recent economic performance. The main objective of this paper is to establish whether it is still reasonable to consider PIIGS as a group apart. Our methodological strategy is based on the Okun Law (OL) which is incorporated in a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model with Blanchard-Quah (BQ) restrictions. We address two drawbacks that usually present in the OL: the interdependency problem and the non-stationarity problem. By using a non-parametric representation of OL, we identify the heterogeneity between countries. We build stable VAR models for each of the economies and use the BQ SVAR impulses to analyse the importance of contemporary and long-run effects of supply and demand shocks. The main conclusion of this paper is that it does not make any sense today to identify PIIGS as a separate group. Additionally, a country that stands out from our analysis is France. The question can thus be posed that if “PIIGS” signifies “countries with poor economic performances” then should not France also belong to this group?

This paper, based on the Discourse Analysis perspective articulated by Pêcheux, discusses the concept of work by analyzing the sense effects produced within the official discourse and in the debate discourse – which are materialized in the Copyright Laws 5.988, of December 14, 1973, and 9.610, of February 19, 1998, and in the texts created during the reshaping process of the Copyright Law 9.610/1998, respectively. Mobilizing, mainly, the notions of institutional memory, discursive memory and discursive formation in the analysis of discursive sequences, which are representative of the discourses considered, we observe a movement that goes from the stabilization to the sliding of the senses for the notion of work. As the stability is guaranteed by the return of a memory that maintains and officializes it, the sliding is made possible by a memory that changes, moves and is affected by the Internet age. The notion of work presents itself, therefore, as opaque, contradictory and political. In short, this notion of work is constructed historically and discursively.

Heterogeneous catalysis has long been a workhorse for the chemical industry and will likely play a key role in the emerging area of renewable chemistry. However, renewable molecule streams pose unique challenges for heterogeneous catalysis due to their high oxygen content, frequent low volatility and the near constant presence of water. These constraints can often lead to the need for catalyst operation in harsh liquid phase conditions, which has compounded traditional catalyst deactivation issues. Oxygenated molecules are also frequently more reactive than petroleum-derived molecules, which creates a need for highly selective catalysts. Synthetic control over the nanostructured environment of catalytic active sites could facilitate the creation of both more stable and selective catalysts. In this review, we discuss the use of metal oxide deposition as an emerging strategy that can be used to synthesize and/or modify heterogeneous catalysts to introduce tailored nanostructures. Several important applications are reviewed, including the synthesis of high surface area mesoporous metal oxides, the enhancement of catalyst stability, and the improvement of catalyst selectivity.

Abstract: Nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique properties useful for designing specific functionalities for biomedi- cal applications. A prerequisite of a safe-by-design and effective use in any biomedical application is to study NP–cell interactions to gain a better understanding of cellular consequences upon exposure. Cellular uptake of NPs results mainly in the localization of NPs in the complex environment of lysosomes, a compartment which can be mimicked by artificial lysosomal fluid. In this work we showed the applicability of lysosomal fluid as a platform for a fast assessment of gold, iron oxide and silica NP stability over 24 h in a relevant biological fluid, by using multiple analytical methods.

Résumé: En France, la collecte des médicaments non utilisés, dont font partie les médicaments périmés (MP), est obligatoire selon l'article R4211-23 du Code de la Santé Publique, et assurée depuis 1993 par l'organisme Cyclamed (financé par les laboratoires pharmaceutiques). Les MP représentent 28 % des pharmacies personnelles et la perte qu'ils engendrent peut atteindre la valeur de plusieurs centaines de milliers d'euros en officine hospitalière. Une élimination non contrôlée de ces déchets a par ailleurs des conséquences directes sur la qualité de notre environnement. Au terme d'une étude qualitative menée par entretiens semi-dirigés, réalisés entre janvier et décembre 2018 auprès de 26 personnes en Nouvelle-Aquitaine, les individus semblaient peu informés quant au MP et s'interrogeaient sur leur possible toxicité et leur devenir. Une communication plus importante par les médecins généralistes et les pharmaciens, encourageant notamment à un tri régulier de leurs médicaments, permettrait une limitation du risque sanitaire et iatrogène au domicile. Quelle est l'attitude déclarée des patients et leurs représentations concernant le médicament périmé ? In France, the disposal of unused drugs (including expired medication « EM ») is mandatory according to article R4211-23 of the Public Health Code and ensured since 1993 by Cyclamed (an organization financed by pharmaceutical labs). EM represents 28 % of personal medication supply and can reach several hundreds of thousands of euros in hospital pharmacies. The uncontrolled disposal of these EM has direct consequences on the quality of our environment. According to a qualitative study conducted from January to December of 2018, based on semi-directed interviews among patients living in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, individuals seemed to feel uninformed about EM and wonder about their toxicity and method of disposal. Greater communication from general practitioners and pharmacists would better control the sanitary and iatrogenic risk, such as encouraging an annual sorting of one's personal medication. What is the declared attitude of patients and their representations about the expired medication? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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