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A suspension bridge and a cable-stayed bridge are compared under various loads and environmental conditions in this study. Under live, dead, and seismic loads, the research investigates axial forces, displacements, bending moments, and shear forces using advanced analytical methods and software such as CsiBridge, SAP2000, and Staad Pro. Steel plays a key role in the construction of suspension bridges and cable-stayed bridges, as this study thoroughly compares both types of bridges. Csi Bridge software is utilized in this study to investigate the axial force, displacement, bending moment, and shear strength of these bridges under various loading conditions. Cable-stayed bridges are recognized for their aesthetic benefits and structural efficiency for medium-to-long spans, and suspension bridges for their high tensile strength and durable design. The two bridge types exhibit different shear forces, displacements, and torsional values, underscoring their unique engineering designs.

This paper considers and compares the hysteresis stress and strain and the penetration property of spur gear assemblies based on three unique designs. Spur gear plays an important part in mechanical structures, and any mechanical setup should consider the execution of such a mechanical component under distinct designs to improve its mechanical productivity and sustainability. To explore the ways in which the mechanical behaviour of the designs varies with the design configurations, we integrate simulation analysis with an experimental study. The outcomes of this paper indicate considerable differences in both hysteresis stress, strain distribution, and penetration behavior measurements between three designs. The paper explains the stated disparities by the unique geometric layouts and material characteristics of each design. Furthermore, it emphasizes that some of the examined designs have lower hysteresis losses and favourable stress and strain distributions, which positively affects the long-term performance of gear systems. Other designs, however, exhibit severe penetration and stress concentrations leading to rapid gear wear and likely premature failure. In distinguishing these events, the present study offers a valuable approach to the parameters that influence the performance of gear systems and aids in the improvement of the design methodology.

For a wide range of utilization, 3D printing is a swiftly developing technology that demands meticulous evaluation of materials, production speed, and resolution. Significant outcomes have been obtained from the application of 3D technology in Cultural Heritage (CH) protection, the valorisation process, communication, and asset incorporation; this is especially true of interdisciplinary initiatives including manufacturing engineering, computer-generated records, and CH accessibility. The primary factors influencing the layout and choosing materials for additive manufacturing are applicability and fabrication technique. A wide range of materials, comprising ceramics and metals, hydro-gels, thermoplastic substances and combinations of these substances, can be used. This study investigates the design and fatigue analysis of a 3D-printed square block made of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) under various test conditions, including static structural analysis for compression, fatigue analysis and total deformation within the block layer. The uniform stress distribution was also discussed in detail, as well as the design life and safety factors of the block under fatigue conditions, with its natural frequencies observed in experimental results adjusted the printing parameters for and maintained the process to ensure the best output quality. Post-publication steps included detailed analysis and mechanical testing to verify mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy.

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the effects of advanced heat treatment techniques on the mechanical properties of cast components. The study employs cutting-edge methodologies, including induction hardening, laser hardening, and cryogenic treatment, to modify the microstructure of various cast alloys. The primary focus is on the impact of these treatments on the hardness, tensile strength, ductility, and fatigue resistance of the materials. The experimental results reveal a significant enhancement in the mechanical properties of the treated components, with notable improvements in wear resistance and structural integrity. The findings also underscore the potential of these advanced heat treatment techniques in extending the service life of cast components, thereby contributing to the sustainability of mechanical systems. This research provides a novel perspective on the optimization of heat treatment processes, offering valuable insights for the design and manufacturing sectors. The outcomes of this study have far-reaching implications for industries that rely heavily on cast components, including automotive, aerospace, and heavy machinery, and pave the way for future research in this critical area of mechanical engineering.

In this study, we present an in-depth analysis of the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast materials, employing advanced characterization techniques. The research focuses on the utilization of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) for microstructural analysis, alongside nanoindentation and tensile testing for mechanical property evaluation. The materials under investigation include a variety of industrially relevant cast alloys, providing a comprehensive understanding of their behavior under different casting conditions. Our findings reveal a strong correlation between the microstructural features, such as grain size, phase distribution, and defect morphology, and the mechanical properties, including hardness, yield strength, and ductility. The study also highlights the influence of casting parameters on these properties, offering insights for optimizing casting processes. The results of this research not only contribute to the existing body of knowledge on cast materials but also pave the way for the development of advanced materials with tailored properties for specific applications. This work underscores the importance of integrated microstructural and mechanical characterization in understanding and predicting the performance of cast materials, thereby aiding in their effective utilization in various industrial sectors.