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La discussion a pour objet le rapport que les textes écrits par Olivia Rosenthal entretiennent avec le cinéma : pourquoi cet art est-il si présent dans ses projets littéraires, comment nourrit-il la littérature et quelles sont les circonstances particulières d’écriture des deux textes qui prennent le cinéma pour objet ?

In “Mandevillian Prescriptions: ‘The Planter’s Charity, the Passions, and the Suffering Body,” I argue that Mandeville explores emotions specific to an emergent capitalist economy. Mandeville attacks the sentimental and religious belief that virtuous behavior will lead to reward from God and the marketplace. Yet, while Mandeville rejects sentimentalism, he displays a keen awareness of suffering. As a physician and a philosopher, he understands the relief of suffers as part of the goal. For some people, Mandeville observes, the emergent commercial economy has replaced one kind of suffering (physical exertion) for another (melancholy). Yet for others, it brings relentless physical torment. For this reason, I suggest that the poem “The Planter’s Charity,” a poem about the hypocrisy of Christianizing the enslaved, is Mandevillian, if not actually written by Mandeville. His Treatise of Hypochondria and the Hysterical Passions explores the emotional cost of a system that creates so much melancholy and the role of the physician in attempting to alleviate it. Interest in the suffering body runs from “The Planter’s Charity,” The Fable of the Bees,” and The Treatise.

The closeness of correlations between variable, random in nature, concentrations of substances that pollute the water of the Isakovsky reservoir is analyzed. It is shown that after seasonal adjustment of the data, the correlation is very strong (the absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient k is not less than 90%) in more than 50% of cases and very weak (k is not more than 0.2) in less than 10%. The difference between this result and that obtained using Spearman’s rank correlation does not exceed ±15%. An assumption has been made about the nature of the strong interdependence of the studied indicators due to the joint participation of substances in the physical and chemical processes of their circulation in water. In this case, the concentrations increase or decrease simultaneously for positive values of k or change in opposite phases for negative k. Taking into account the discovered relationships allows us to expand our understanding of the circulation of substances both among themselves and between aquatic organisms and bottom sediments when solving problems of water quality regulation.

Das Merkmal des Geschlechts wird im schweizerischen Recht zwar nicht definiert, ist jedoch als Anknüpfungspunkt für den Schutz vor Diskriminierung von zentraler Bedeutung. Das Bundesgericht hat in BGE 145 II 153 entschieden, eine Diskriminierung aufgrund der sexuellen Orientierung sei keine direkte Geschlechterdiskriminierung im Sinne des Art. 3 GlG. Dabei geht das Bundesgericht von einem engen Geschlechterbegriff aus. Der Entscheid steht quer zum modernen Verständnis des Ge- schlechts als soziale Konstruktion, wonach auch die Sexualität als Bestandteil des Geschlechterbegriffs betrachtet wird.

Contexte : L’incidence de la syphilis chez les Canadiennes en âge de procréer a augmenté de façon spectaculaire au cours de la dernière décennie, avec une résurgence des nourrissons nés atteints de syphilis congénitale. Même s’il existe des lignes directrices pour éclairer l’infection maternelle pendant la grossesse, il existe peu de données pour orienter la gestion dans les situations où le fœtus en développement est gravement atteint. Examen de cas : La patiente s’est présentée au deuxième trimestre de sa grossesse après avoir contracté la syphilis. Des analyses sérologiques positives (titrage du Venereal Disease Research Laboratory [VDRL] de 1:64) et un chancre suggèrent une infection primaire. L’échographie a démontré un fœtus ayant un âge gestationnel de 19+3 semaines atteint d’hydrops fetalis et présentant un cerveau nettement anormal. L’amniocentèse a confirmé une infection congénitale à la syphilis au cours de tests de réaction en chaîne par polymérase. Après un traitement de neuf jours à la pénicilline G par voie intraveineuse, l’état du fœtus s’est détérioré et la famille a finalement choisi une interruption médicale de la grossesse. Discussion : L’évolution de la technologie de l’échographie permet d’identifier les fœtus gravement touchés, qui seraient peut-être venus au monde mort-nés dans le passé. À la suite de la syphiliothérapie courante au moyen de la pénicilline benzathine, ces caractéristiques échographiques anormales peuvent prendre des semaines ou des mois à s’inverser, ce qui pose un défi au niveau du pronostic et du counseling. Les données des rapports de cas suggèrent que le traitement intensif au moyen de la pénicilline par voie intraveineuse peut être efficace dans les cas graves présentant une hydrops fetalis. Conclusion : Ce cas met en lumière la morbidité potentielle de l’infection à la syphilis congénitale et souligne le manque de documentation actuelle. L’échange de renseignements sera essentiel pour construire une base de connaissances moderne sur le traitement de cette maladie ancienne.

Background: The incidence of syphilis among Canadian women of childbearing age has risen dramatically in the past decade, with a resurgence of infants born with congenital syphilis. While guidelines exist to guide maternal infection during pregnancy, there is little evidence available to guide management in situations where the developing fetus is found to be severely affected. Case review: Our patient presented in the second trimester of her pregnancy as syphilis contact. Positive serologic tests (venereal disease research laboratory titre of 1:64) and a chancre suggested primary infection. Ultrasound demonstrated a fetus at 19+3 weeks gestation with hydrops fetalis and a markedly abnormal brain. Amniocentesis confirmed congenital syphilis infection on polymerase chain reaction testing. After nine days of intravenous penicillin G, the fetal status had worsened, and the family ultimately chose a medical termination of the pregnancy. Discussion: Evolving ultrasound technology has allowed us to identify severely affected fetuses, who may historically have been delivered stillborn. Following routine syphiliotherapy with benzathine penicillin, these abnormal ultrasound features may take weeks or months to reverse, which poses a challenge in prognostication and counselling. Case reports data suggests intensive treatment with intravenous penicillin may be effective in severe cases where fetal hydrops is present. Conclusion: This case highlights the potential morbidity of fetal syphilis infection and underscores the paucity of current literature. Information sharing will be essential to build a modern knowledge base on treating this ancient disease.

For more than 600 years Aqaba flasks were manufactured at Aila. In the Roman, Byzantine and early Islamic periods they occur at a fair number of sites in the southern Levant, in particular in the Arava Valley and the Negev desert. A flask with fish residue was discovered in a domestic context at Petra. The residue was identified as garum prepared from Red Sea fish. The evidence for the production of fish sauce at Aila raises the question of whether flasks and fish products are interconnected. It is suggested here that the wide distribution of flasks is related to the export of garum from Aila. Admittedly, so far the suggestion is largely hypothetical; however, the importance of regional fish trade and consumption, attested at many inland sites, and the fishing facilities on the Red Sea point to a prevailing diet of fish products.

Ce texte a été écrit lors d’une résidence qui s’est déroulée à Bonneval-sur-Arc en juillet 2020 à l’initiative de l’Espace Malraux scène nationale Chambéry Savoie et de sa directrice, Marie-Pia Bureau. Pendant quinze jours, Olivia Rosenthal a suivi le travail des éleveur·ses et des bergers·ères qui vont faire pâturer leurs bêtes sur les alpages. Le texte, dont aucune publication n’était prévue dans le cadre de la commande, a fait l’objet d’une lecture à Bonneval-sur-Arc, le 29 août 2020, lors du festival « Andiamo ! ».

Écrits, créations et travaux d’Olivia Rosenthal

Enzymes are versatile biocatalysts capable of performing selective reactions. The advantages of enzymes in comparison to classical chemistry including chemical catalysts are the generally milder process conditions and avoidance of harmful reactants. Their high selectivity and specificity are especially beneficial for the enzymatic synthesis of new products with potential applications in drug research. Therefore, in the past decades, the utilization of isolated enzymes or whole-cell biocatalysts has spread through a growing number of biotechnological industries. The applications comprise the production of chiral building blocks for the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industry, the enzymatic synthesis of drug metabolites for testing of toxicity, function, biological activity, degradation and the production of biocatalytically modified natural products, which all play a role in drug discovery. Especially Oreste Ghisalba's contributions, which paved the way for the industrial use of enzymes, will be considered in this review.

Renate Rosenthal-Heginbottom reviews Terrakotten aus Beit Nattif. Eine Untersuchung zur religiösen Alltagspraxis im spätantiken Judäa, by Achim Lichtenberger. This appeared in the series Contextualizing the Sacred, 7, published by Brepols.

Prospections carried out in the valleys and on the summits of South-Western Alps made it possible to complete the mining and metal working map of the Alps, confirming the existence of patterns of high altitude exploitation. The mining areas and the workshops of mechanical preparation are located at the immediate alpine level between 2700 and 2400 meters high. The highest reduction workshops are located at an altitude between 2000 and 2155 m., in other words near the higher limit of the present-day forest. Most of the metal-working workshops correspond to specific sites bound to their fuel and metal ore supply ; they are mostly located in highly ventilated areas. The C14 dates range from the second century B.C. and the seventh century A.D.