5 results on '"Randomised Controlled Trial"'
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2. Le traitement du patient âgé insuffisant cardiaque : synthèse des données disponibles en 2012.
- Author
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Ferrat, E., Medioni, M., Breton, J., Compagnon, L., Cittée, J., Bercier, S., Renard, V., and Attali, C.
- Abstract
Copyright of Les Cahiers de l'Année Gérontologique is the property of Lavoisier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
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3. Traitement chirurgical des perforations non traumatiques uniques de l'intestin grêle : excision–suture ou résection–anastomose
- Author
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Ayite, A., Dosseh, D.E., Katakoa, G., Tekou, H.A., and James, K.
- Subjects
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SMALL intestine , *SURGICAL excision , *SUTURES , *OPERATIVE surgery , *HUMAN abnormalities - Abstract
Abstract: Objective. – To evaluate morbidity and mortality following excision-suture and resection-anastomosis for single non traumatic perforations of small bowel (SNTPB). Methods. – from July 2002 to June 2003, a simple blind randomized study comparing excision-suture with resection-anastomosis SNTPB. Results. – Of the 125 patients included, 112 were operated by surgeons on training (89.6%). The perforation sat on the antimesenteric edge of the last ileal portion with an average diameter of 0.8 cm (extreme 0.1 and 4 cm). An excision-suture was performed 66 times (52%) including 5 times by an experienced surgeon. 56 patients had simple continuations (45.2%). Morbidity concerned 68 patients (54,8%). 06 patients died of general complications (4.8%). The technique did not influence the mortality. All dead patients were operated by surgeons on training, P =0.25. The complications were significantly more frequent after resection-anastomosis (79.7%) than after excision-suture (32.3%). The difference was significant for the parietal abscesses (P =0,01), the exteriorized fistulas (P =0.04), the septic shocks (P =0.05). Conclusion. – Whereas mortality was not influenced by the technique, the postoperative course was more complicated after resection-anastomosis (performed in majority by less experienced surgeons). We recommend excision-suture to repair SNTPB. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2006
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4. Stomatite prothétique, candidose orale et leur évolution dans le temps
- Author
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Savignac, Katia and De Grandmont, Pierre
- Subjects
Denture stomatitis ,Randomised controlled trial ,Oral health ,Stomatite prothétique ,Étude prospective randomisée ,Dental protheses ,Prothèse implanto-portée ,Santé buccale ,Implant overdenture ,Prothèses dentaires - Abstract
Objectifs: Observer l’évolution de la stomatite prothétique dans le temps quant à la fréquence et la sévérité ainsi que son association avec de potentiels facteurs de risque au cours d’un suivi longitudinal de 2 ans. Matériels et méthodes : Cent trente-cinq patients âgés complètement édentés et en bonne santé ont été sélectionnés pour participer à cette étude et ont été divisés de façon randomisée en deux groupes. Ils ont tous reçu une prothèse dentaire amovible totale conventionnelle au maxillaire supérieur. La moitié d’entre eux a reçu une prothèse totale mandibulaire implanto-portée retenue par deux attachements boule et l’autre moitié une prothèse conventionnelle. Ils ont été suivis sur une période de deux ans. Les données sociodémographiques, d’habitudes de vie, d’hygiène et de satisfaction des prothèses ont été amassées à l’aide de questionnaires. Les patients ont aussi subi un examen oral complet lors duquel une évaluation de la stomatite prothétique, basée sur la classification de Newton, a été effectuée ainsi qu’un prélèvement de la plaque prothétique. Les analyses microbiologiques pertinentes afin de détecter la présence de Candida ont ensuite été effectuées. Des tests Chi-carré de Pearson et McNemar ont été utilisés pour analyser la fréquence de la stomatite, son association avec de possibles facteurs de risque ainsi que son évolution dans le temps. Des rapports de cotes (odds ratio) et leurs intervalles de confiance (95%) ont été effectués afin de déterminer la force d’association entre les facteurs de risque et la stomatite prothétique. Résultats : La prévalence de la stomatite a augmenté entre la première (63,6%) et la deuxième année de suivi (88,7%) avec une incidence de 78,8%. Les patients souffrant d’une stomatite de type 2 ou 3 et qui brossent leur palais ont environ 6 fois plus de chance de voir la sévérité de leur stomatite diminuer [p = 0,04 OR 5,88 CI (1,1-32,2)]. Il n’y a pas d’association statistiquement significative entre la fréquence de la stomatite et les facteurs de risque investigués. La prévalence de la candidose est demeurée stable dans le temps (45,8% et 49,2% à la première et deuxième année de suivi respectivement, p > 0,05). Il n’y a pas d’association entre la présence d’une candidose orale, la stomatite prothétique et les facteurs de risque étudiés. Conclusion : Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que la stomatite prothétique progresse dans le temps indépendamment de la présence d’une candidose. Le brossage du palais pourrait être une approche simple à conseiller aux patients souffrant d’une stomatite prothétique de type 2 ou 3., Objectives: To assess the evolution of denture stomatitis in term of frequency and severity and its association with potential risk factors over a two-year period. Methods: One hundred thirty five healthy edentulous elders who were randomly rehabilitated with a maxillary complete denture opposed by a conventional denture or an implant-supported overdenture retained by two ball attachments were followed over two years. Demographic and clinical data concerning oral and general health, smoking, denture status and hygienic habits were obtained from oral examination and standard questionnaires. Denture stomatitis was evaluated according to Newton’s classification. Microbiological analyses consist of detection of Candida species in denture plaque and inoculation in selective growth medium. Pearson Chi-square and McNemar tests were used to analyse the frequency of denture stomatitis, its association with potential risk factors and it’s evolution over time. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine the strength of association between risk factors and denture stomatitis. Results: The prevalence of denture stomatitis increased between the first (63.6%) and second year follow-up (88.7%) with an incidence rate of 78.8%. Those individuals suffering from type 2 or type 3 denture stomatitis and who brushed their palate had approximately 6 times more chance of observing a decrease in the severity of their condition [p=0.04 OR 5.88 CI (1.1-32.2)]. There was no statistically significant association between the frequency of denture stomatitis and classical risk factors at both follow-ups. The carriage rate of Candida species remained stable over time (45.8% and 49.2% first and second year of follow-up consecutively, p > 0.05). There was no association between the presence of oral candidiosis and denture stomatitis or its potential risk factors. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that denture stomatitis progresses overtime independent of Candida carriage. Palatal brushing could be a preventive approach to minimise the inflammation in individuals suffering from type 2 or type 3 denture stomatitis.
- Published
- 2011
5. [The evaluation of pharmacological drugs, medical devices, and non-pharmacological or public health interventions: Experimental design limitations. Moving towards new methods?]
- Author
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Villeval M, Carayol M, Lamy S, Lepage B, and Lang T
- Subjects
- Bias, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical methods, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical trends, Evidence-Based Medicine methods, Evidence-Based Medicine standards, Evidence-Based Medicine trends, Humans, Placebo Effect, Public Health methods, Research Design, Equipment and Supplies standards, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Public Health trends, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic methods, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic standards
- Abstract
In the field of health, evidence-based medicine and associated methods like randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have become widely used. RCT has become the gold standard for evaluating causal links between interventions and health results. Originating in pharmacology, this method has been progressively expanded to medical devices, non-pharmacological individual interventions, as well as collective public health interventions. Its use in these domains has led to the formulation of several limits, and it has been called into question as an undisputed gold standard. Some of those limits (e.g. confounding biases and external validity) are common to these four different domains, while others are more specific. This paper describes the different limits, as well as several research avenues. Some are methodological reflections aiming at adapting RCT to the complexity of the tested interventions, and at overcoming some of its limits. Others are alternative methods. The objective is not to remove RCT from the range of evaluation methodologies, but to resituate it within this range. The aim is to encourage choosing between different methods according to the features and the level of the intervention to evaluate, thereby calling for methodological pluralism., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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