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Objetivo da Investigação: Este artigo surge da vontade de dar continuidade a um trabalho de sustentação teórica e prática para a integração do filme em processos de aprendizagem na Geografia. Distinguindo entre i) filme e ii) vídeo didático, reflete-se sobre as qualidades intrínsecas do filme e processos envolvidos na sua receção, e implicações para o desenho e implementação de projetos de aprendizagem. Reflete-se, ainda, sobre as mudanças tecnológicas e culturais e seus encadeamentos formais e comunicacionais na produção de vídeos didáticos. Metodologia: Resulta de uma reflexão recursiva entre a literatura, a sala de cinema, ações de formação na área do cinema e uma prática de mobilização do filme levada a cabo desde 2010, com alunos e docentes de Geografia no contexto de Formação Contínua. Resultados: Identificam-se qualidades intrínsecas da linguagem cinematográfica na comunicação pedagógica e propõemse alguns princípios (no sentido literal de ponto de iniciação) que potenciam e orientam a abordagem cinematográfica em projetos de aprendizagem. Originalidade/Valor: Destaca-se o potencial do ensino cinematográfico na transformação do espaço pedagógico reunindo contributos para i) compreender os processos de significação potenciados no encontro entre Geografia e Cinema, já explorados na Geografia Cultural e ii) sustentar a implementação da abordagem cinematográfica, método singular e fundamental em educação.

Brevibacterium sp. is commercially essential due to its production of amino acids, particularly glutamic acid and lysine. This work investigates the effect of Brevibacterium sp. concentration on L-amino acid synthesis from glucose hydrolysed from oil palm trunk biomass as a substrate. The study employed a two-factorial, completely randomised experimental design. Factor A consisted of concentrations of Brevibacterium sp. (1%, 3%, and 5%), while factor B was incubation duration (24 and 48 hours). The study measured the concentrations of four amino acids (alanine, glycine, tyrosine, and glutamic acid) using the colourimetric ninhydrin reaction. Additionally, the viability and antioxidant activity of Brevibacterium sp. during incubation time was measured with spectrophotometry (UV-VIS). The results indicate no significant interaction between factors (P>0.05) but a significant effect (P

Lactobacillus fermentum InaCC B1295 is a probiotic bacterium that improves intestinal and immune systems, positively impacting human health. It produces various bioactive compounds, including bacteriocin, antioxidant enzymes, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and colonizes the human gastrointestinal system. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity (IC50), GABA production, and colonization potential of L. fermentum InaCC B1295 with encapsulation by cellulose microfiber from oil palm solid waste (trunk, frond, leaf, and empty bunches) at room and refrigeration temperature with storage time 0, 14, and 28 days. The strain InaCC B1295 showed a high activity to scavenging ability against DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) for the treatment with encapsulation with oil palm empty bunches at refrigeration temperature after storage 14 days, which reached 88.56 ppm. Furthermore, L. fermentum InaCC B1295 produced GABA ranging from 0.435 mg/L to 2.215 mg/L. Lactobacillus fermentum InaCC B1295 encapsulated with oil palm leaf produced the most GABA at 0-day storage with a concentration of 2.215 mg/L and decreased during storage for all treatments. L. fermentum InaCC B1295 cells encapsulated in CMF hydrogel from empty oil palm fruit bunches had a lower autoaggregation value than free cells. The cells encapsulated with CMF hydrogel from oil palm empty bunches, on the other hand, had higher coaggregation and hydrophilicity values than the free cells (unencapsulated cells).

The Covid-19 pandemic has had severe and unprecedented consequences in multiple facets of education. Schools, teachers, students and their families were affected and the negative impacts will last for years. The aim of this paper is to identify and explain the sources and consequences of teachers’ job stress and burnout during the pandemic as well as job and life satisfaction. Three sources of stress are emphasised: time allocation changes and workload; the behaviour of students; and the technostress. The empirical research is based on an original online survey applied to middle and high school teachers in Portugal. Information from four time references is collected: before pandemic; first school closure in 2020 (16th Mar – 16th Sep); second school in 2021 (15th Jan – 5th Apr)); at the time of the survey (June-July 2021) The data obtained include characteristics and changes about: teachers and their households; job satisfaction, stress and burnout; life satisfaction; working time and teaching roles; work-life balance; teachings goals, methods, and outcomes; work stressors; working conditions for telework; expectations for teaching year 2021/2020 about job and teaching methods. The results show that teachers’ job stress increased during pandemic and the behaviour and performance of students is it main driver. The difficulties to conciliate work time and personal time are also predictors of teachers’ job stress. Signs of increasing burnout exist.

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender aspectos que dificultam o engajamento de professores nas propostas de Educação Ambiental (EA) a partir da percepção desses sujeitos. Participaram 17 professores de escolas públicas do Distrito Federal (11 mulheres), com média de idade de 34,6 anos, com tempo médio de 15,2 anos de atuação na educação básica da rede pública de ensino. Dentre os participantes, três exerciam o cargo de gestão, três eram propositores de projetos de EA e onze não estavam envolvidos diretamente em projetos de temática ambiental. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais e coletivas (grupo focal e roda de conversa) com cada uma das categorias de participantes. As análises qualitativas baseadas na escuta sensível indicaram os seguintes aspectos desfavoráveis ao engajamento: a prerrogativa curricular transversal da EA, as relações de poder e conflito nas escolas, as dificuldades enfrentadas no cotidiano escolar, os valores e a formação docente. Os valores pessoais e a formação específica em EA, com perspectiva crítica e humana, surgiram como possibilidades de reversão do problema. Esses resultados são congruentes com estudos sobre a temática e apontam contribuições importantes para fomentar o engajamento docente em projetos de EA nas escolas.

En este artículo realizamos un estudio historiográfico sobre el fenómeno del olimpismo centrado en el periodo histórico que abarca desde la teórica desaparición los Juegos Olímpicos de la Antigüedad (352) hasta la celebración de los primeros Juegos Olímpicos de la Era Moderna (1896). En primer lugar, analizamos el hecho histórico que supuestamente significó el ocaso de los Juegos Olímpicos, con el Edicto de Teodosio, y las causas principales de su desaparición. A continuación, con la sospecha de que el olimpismo no murió entonces, hacemos un recorrido histórico por los diversos intentos de restaurar los Juegos Olímpicos, ubicados espacial y temporalmente en su referente histórico. Finalmente, tras el análisis histórico realizado, concluimos que los Juegos Olímpicos de la antigüedad no cesaron con el Edicto de Teodosio I, y que siguieron muy vivos en distintas versiones, posibilitando, desde un punto de vista historiográfico, que el legado del Olimpismo griego clásico no se desvaneciese, para resurgir cual Ave Fénix y acabar conformando el mayor espectáculo del mundo. Abstract: In this article, we conducted a historiographical study on the phenomenon of Olympism centered on the historical period that covers from the theoretical disappearance the Olympic Games of Antiquity (392) to the celebration of the first Olympic Games of the Modern Era (1896). In the first place, we analyze the historical fact that supposedly meant the decline of the Olympic Games, with the Edict of Theodosius, and the main causes of its disappearance. Then, with the suspicion that Olympism did not die then, we make a historical tour through the various attempts to restore the Olympic Games, located spatially and temporally in its historical referent. Finally, after the historical analysis carried out, we concluded that the Olympic Games of antiquity did not cease with the Edict of Theodosius I, and that they remained very alive in different versions, making possible, from a historiographical point of view, that the legacy of classical Greek Olympism Do not fade, to revive which Ave Phoenix and end up shaping the greatest show in the world.

En este trabajo teórico se aborda la descripción de la construcción preposicional con posesivo antepuesto (mi, tu, su) y ‘adverbio’ de lugar (por su delante, en mi delante), un rasgo documentado en las variedades del español andino (Bolivia, Perú, Ecuador y sur de Colombia), pero cuyo uso en español actual se extiende a otras áreas dialectales. El estudio responde a cuatro objetivos: (1) establecer dónde se registra el fenómeno en español actual, en qué persona y número aparece el posesivo antepuesto, qué preposiciones lo encabezan y qué valores se atribuyen a esta construcción; (2) argumentar a favor del carácter nominal del adverbio delante, considerar este fenómeno como uno más dentro de la ‘redundancia’ del español actual y revisar su proceso de analogía y la progresión a otras piezas adverbiales; y (3) reconsiderar la explicación de calco funcional y su normatividad, ante las evidencias de que este fenómeno no contradice los modelos propios de la lengua española.

En este trabajo se lleva a cabo una revisión y actualización en la descripción de la construcción posesiva enfática con artículo indefinido + posesivo + nombre (del tipo una mi amiga), un rasgo sintáctico documentado en las variedades del español de Centroamérica (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica y Panamá) y del sur de México (Yucatán y Chiapas). El estudio responde a una serie objetivos concretos: (1) establecer con precisión, y por primera vez, la distribución geográfica del fenómeno en español actual, así como su frecuencia de uso; (2) describir este rasgo (persona, género y número del posesivo, tipos de nombres poseídos y otros rasgos caracterizadores) haciendo uso de uno de los corpus más amplios recopilados hasta la fecha (916 casos en total); y (3) comparar los resultados obtenidos con los datos de los trabajos previos. Asimismo, se considera el fenómeno como un ejemplo más dentro de lo que se ha denominado ‘redundancia’ (Bosque 2004) en la lengua española, en este caso concreto dentro de la serie de los posesivos pleonásticos.

This study emphasizes the existence of intimate connections between translation and holocaust literature and deconstructs not only the idea of authority but also the binary opposition between translation and creative writing. The author introduces the concept of (un)translatable (B. Cassin) as a productive notion that fosters the cultural richness and diversity.This contribution supports the dialogical nature of transferring the trauma into narrative and considers translation and holocaust literature as constructions of new meanings and as processes of collaborative relationships and responsibility. The ineffable can be narrated. All these ideas are justified using different literary texts as a source, and key features of Holocaust literature are identified. Moreover, both the process of translation and the strategies of translating holocaust literature are also illustrated.

En este artículo se examina la relación entre el comportamiento semántico y sintáctico del verbo polisémico gustar. Para ello, rastreamos desde una perspectiva diatópica las diferentes interpretaciones que puede tener al aparecer con un complemento nominativo y preposicional [NOM + gusta + de + Sintagma Nominal]. Los datos utilizados para este trabajo cualitativo proceden de las redes sociales, especialmente de Twitter. Queda demostrado que este esquema sintáctico es mucho más común en el mundo hispanohablante de lo que se pensaba y que, pese a las diferencias diatópicas, puede presentar todos los significados conocidos, mostrando una mayor flexibilidad semántica de lo previamente presentado.

Actualmente, el Movimiento Olímpico identifica tres valores fundamentales que definen el Olimpismo: excelencia, amistad y respeto. Muchas investigaciones analizan la inclusión de los valores olímpicos en los textos y conferencias de Pierre de Coubertin, sin embargo, poco se ha escrito sobre los valores asociados a la práctica física y competitiva en la Grecia Clásica y la vinculación de estos con los valores del ideario olímpico moderno. Este trabajo estudia la pervivencia de aquellos valores clásicos dentro de los que hoy recoge el Movimiento Olímpico y cómo podemos establecer un paralelismo entre los valores defendidos por el Olimpismo moderno y el código ético subyacente en la literatura grecolatina, en cuanto a la actividad física y la celebración de los certámenes atléticos. Abstract: Currently, the Olympic Movement has identified three core values that define Olympism: excellence, friendship and respect. Many studies analyzed the inclusion of the olympic values in texts and lectures of Pierre de Coubertin, however, little has been written about the values associated with the physical and competitive practice in Classical Greece and linking these with the values of ideology modern olympic. This article studies the survival of those classic values within which today includes the Olympic Movement and how we can establish a parallelism between the values defended by the modern Olympism and the underlying ethical code in the Greco-Roman literature regarding physical activity and celebration athletic contests.

Zero-Inertia (ZI) models are used in overland flow simulation due to their mathematical simplicity, compared to more complex formulations such as Shallow Water (SW) models. The main hypothesis in ZI models is that the flow is driven by water surface and friction gradients, neglecting local accelerations. On the other hand, SW models are a complete dynamical formulation that provide more information at the cost of a higher level of complexity. In realistic problems, the usually huge number of cells required to ensure accurate spatial representation implies a large amount of computing effort and time. This is particularly true in 2D models. Hence, there is an interest in developing efficient numerical methods. In general terms, numerical schemes used to solve time dependent problems can be classified in two groups, attending to the time evaluation of the unknowns: explicit and implicit methods. Explicit schemes offer the possibility to update the solution at every cell from the known values but are restricted by numerical stability reasons. This can lead to very slow simulations in case of using fine meshes. Implicit schemes avoid this restriction at the cost of generating a system of as many equations as computational cells multiplied by the number of variables to solve. In this work, an implicit finite volume numerical scheme has been used to solve the 2D equations in both ZI and SW models. The scheme is formulated so that both quadrilateral and triangular meshes can be used. A conservative linearization is done for the flux terms, leading to a non-structured matrix for unstructured meshes thus requiring iterative methods for solving the system. A comparison between 2D SW and 2D ZI is done in terms of performance, efficiency and mesh requirements, in which both models benefit of an implicit temporal discretization in steady and nearly-steady situations.

Microalgae have been viewed as one of potential solution for CO2 biofixation or CO2 sequestration. However, many factors need to be evaluated to support development of CO2 biofixation. One important environmental factor for the growth of micro algae is related with light requirement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of light intensity and photoperiod on growth of Chlorellapyrenoidosa (C.pyrenoidosa) and CO2 biofixation. Experiments were carried out in 1000 mL semi batch photo bioreactors, purged continuously with air (0.034% CO2). An Experiment of Factorial Design was employed in which the light intensity was evaluated 4 level at 2000, 4000, 6000 and 8000 lux with 3 level of photo period at L/D (light /dark) 8 hours/16 hours; L/D 12 hours/12 hours and L/D 16 hours/8 hours. The result indicated that both light intensity and photo period had significant effect (p< 0.05) on growth of C. pyrenoidosa. However, the photo period showed stronger effect relative to light intensity on growth of C.pyrenoidosa within the range reviewed. The interaction between the two factors was indicative but statistically not significant. Best growth profile sustained at combination of L/D 16 hours/8 hours of photoperiod and light intensity of 8000 lux with the highest average biomass observed at 0.516 ± 0.069gr/L. An increase in CO2biofixation rate of around 2 times was also observed between highest setting (8000 lux; L/D 16/12 hours) relative to that of lowest setting (2000 lux; L/D 8/12 hours).

FROM THE URBAN EXPERIENCE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE IDENTITY OF PLACE. The materials discussed in this article are part of an exploratory study developed in the context of a PhD research project carried out in the outlying areas of two south European metropolises: Lisbon and Bordeaux. We briefly present the methodology applied, which seeks to uncover and analyse the representations, the urban practices and the identity strategies (the urban experience) of a group of young students from Santo Adrião (in the periphery of the metropolis of Lisbon). The study also investigates the relation between urban experiences and the identity of the places appropriated by them. The exploratory nature of this study is twofold. Firstly it tests the methodological relevance of photo elicitation and a focus group to gather the youths’ urban experiences. Secondly there is the necessity to find conceptual tools adapted to the analysis of their urban experiences, integrating it in the dialectic between socio-spatial identity of the places and the identity of the subjects. Three axes on which to base our reflection emerge from the study results: first, the importance of the imaginary and the symbolic in the dialectic between the urban experience and the effect of place inscribed in the construction of the young persons’ identities; secondly, the existence of a segregated urban life defined by practices; and, finally, the prominent role of urban violence in these young people’s discourses about their urban experiences.

Con la intención de esbozar una historia de la cultura madrileña de las plantas a lo largo de la Edad Media y la Edad Moderna, presentamos aquí una lista de aproximadamente 300 productos vegetales citados en diversos documentos de los siglos XIV, XVI, XVII, XVIII y XIX referentes a la ciudad de Madrid, incluyendo una hipótesis de identificación de las 170 especies correspondientes a dichos productos.

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