Search

Nipple discharge is a frequent reason for women to consult their physician, led by the fear of cancer. Fortunately, almost 90 % of cases have a benign aetiology. The main challenge is to rule out any malignant pathology by collecting a detailed history and clinical exam in order to define a targeted imaging. The aim of this review is to facilitate the management of nipple discharge. The most common aetiologies of nipple discharge are described, along with a systematic clinical approach to exclude any underlying malignancy and minimize invasive examinations., Competing Interests: Les auteurs n’ont déclaré aucun conflit d’intérêts en relation avec cet article.

Panic disorder in the elderly is an understudied disorder, despite being associated with substantial functional impairment, diminished quality of life and increased suicide risk in this population. This disorder is likely to be underdiagnosed and sometimes inadequately treated in the absence of national and international guidelines for this vulnerable population. Few therapeutic trials have specifically focused on the efficacy and tolerability of pharmacologic and psychotherapy treatments for panic disorder in the elderly, and current approaches to detect and manage this disorder are mainly based on experts' opinion or extrapolation from data available in younger adults. This report aims to provide a summary of current knowledge on pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic treatments for panic disorder in the elderly, and to propose a medical treatment algorithm, which should be viewed as a tool that may contribute to the choice of treatment, especially for treatment-resistant older patients with panic disorder. The main results here are the emphasis on antidepressant treatment, like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), restricted benzodiazepine usage, take care of drug interactions, and importance of psychotherapy like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).