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The radiological treatment of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), complicating venous obstruction of the lower limbs is described. Results obtained by the evolving techniques are discussed.Les traitements radiologiques du syndrome post-thrombotique (SPT) des obstructions veineuses des membres inférieurs sont décrits. Les résultats obtenus au fil de leur développement technique sont discutés.

Pelvic congestion syndrome is a chronic pelvic pain syndrome related to pelvic varices developed in the setting of primary venous insufficiency or secondary to venous obstruction.We report the case of a 35-year-old patient undergoing anticoagulant therapy for an extensive unprovoked left iliac vein thrombosis, who developed a disabling pelvic congestion syndrome secondary to chronic obstruction of the left iliac vein. Recanalization with stenting of the left iliac vein, combined with antithrombotic treatment with antiplatelet therapy (aspirin 100mg) and anticoagulation (rivaroxaban 20mg) for three months, followed by antiplatelet therapy alone, led to a complete and lasting regression of symptoms.Management of pelvic congestion syndrome secondary to post-thrombotic lesions must take into account its pathophysiology. It involves iliac venous angioplasty with stent placement in combination with antithrombotic therapy, which modalities remain to be specified in long-term follow-up.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating malignancy with an overall 5-year survival of 8% for all stages combined. Most of the PC patients diagnosed have an advanced disease (40%) or metastatic stage (40%), which eliminates surgery as a potentially curative treatment. The disease course is often complicated by venous thromboembolism (VTE) events, which per se account for significant morbidity and mortality, with significantly worsen survival. PC is associated with the highest risk of VTE among all cancer patients. We review the literature data to address the incidence and clinical outcomes of VTE in PC patients. VTE incidence varies from 5 to 41% according to epidemiological studies and is as high as 57% in postmortem series. Since 2013, international clinical practice guidelines recommend primary thromboprophylaxis with a grade 1B level of evidence as an adjuvant therapy in advanced PC. A recent meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating the benefit and risk of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) in ambulatory advanced PC patients under chemotherapy showed that the incidence of VTE was 2.1% in patients treated with LMWH and 11.2% in controls (risk ratio, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.083-0.39; P0.0001). In conclusion, improved earlier diagnosis and effective management of VTE, a frequent and life-threatening complication in PC, is warranted to improve PC patient outcomes.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a component of venous thromboembolism (VTE), the other being pulmonary embolism (PE). Its incidence is 1 to 2/1.000/year and nearly 1/100/year after 80 years. The major complication of DVT is PE which occurs in about 1/3 of cases, is often asymptomatic but can be fatal. Another common complication, occurring in 20-50 % of cases is the post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) which is likely to alter the quality of life. Several issues remain unanswered when considering DVT. The optimal management of distal DVT versus proximal DVT is not well codified. The diagnostic approach to DVT is essential : it is based on the estimation of clinical probability, the possible use of D-dimer test and compression ultrasonography. The new direct oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been proven effective in the phase 3 studies but when to use them and which to choose in the real life ? Wearing compression stockings to prevent the SPT is recommended: what is the definition of compression stockings and is there some evidence of their efficacy ? The purpose of this article is to provide some useful information to primary care physicians to address a DVT.

Nearly half of patients with acute lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) develop a post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). This risk is particularly high in case of proximal DVT of the common femoral and iliac vein, the major lower limbs venous outflow vessel. Several studies have demonstrated that PTS incidence can be reduced with early vein recanalisation. Currently, catheter-based recanalisation therapies can be offered to selected patients with acute ilio-femoral deep vein thrombosis. Aim of the present article is to summarize current knowledge on these catheter-based recanalisation therapies.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a frequent and multifactor disease, with two major complications, post thrombotic syndrome and pulmonary embolism. Both transient (surgery, plaster immobilization, bed rest/hospitalization) and chronic/persistent (age, cancer, clinical or biological thrombophilia…) risk factors modulate treatment duration. Diagnostic management relies on clinical evaluations, probability followed by laboratory tests or imaging. So far, compression ultrasound is the diagnostic test of choice to make a positive diagnosis of DVT. Anticoagulants at therapeutic dose for at least 3 months constitute the cornerstones of proximal (i.e. involving popliteal or more proximal veins) DVT therapeutic management. The arrival of new oral anticoagulants should optimize ambulatory management of DVT.

Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is the most frequent chronic complication of deep vein thrombosis with an estimated prevalence of 30-50%. PTS is a significant cause of disability, especially when complicated by venous ulcers. Therefore, it has important socio-economic consequences for both the patient and the health care system. Aim of this review is to resume state of the art literature on the management of PTS.

National audience; Purpose. - Despite appropriate therapy 10 to 100% of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs will develop post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of PTS in the EDITH cohort and to estimate the association between initial patients' characteristics and the risk of development of PTS. Methods. - One hundred and eighty patients included in the EDITH study for a first event of DVT of the lower limbs without clinical signs of venous insufficiency were recalled 4 years after their initial thrombotic event. PTS was diagnosed according to the Villalta score. Results. - Ninety-five patients (45 men, mean age 50.7±16.9 years) were evaluated for PTS. Among them, 28.4% (95% CI 19.3-37.5) developed PTS but none had severe PTS. The most frequent clinical signs of PTS were varicose veins (59%), corona phlebectatica (48%), swelling leg (30%) and pigmented dermatitis (26%). No single risk factor was associated with PTS development (age, sex, BMI thrombophilia, etiology, localization, recurrence, symptomatic DVT and familial history of DVT). Conclusion. - PTS is a frequent disease. However, lack of uniformity of diagnosis criteria in the different studies does not make possible the estimation of PTS risk factors.