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Boala Castleman (BC) este o afecțiune foarte rară, care poate apărea la orice vârstă și care afectează 16:100000 pacienți/ani. BC se caracterizează prin simptome inflamatorii sistemice, limfadenopatie generalizată, proliferarea limfocitelor policlonale și disfuncții multiple ale sistemelor de organe, fiind adesea asociată cu tulburări autoimune, care pot precede, identificate concomitent sau urma diagnosticul. Lucrarea prezintă criteriile majore și minore în baza cărora se stabilește diagnosticul, precum și importanța lucrului interdisciplinar în identificarea și realizarea diagnosticului diferențial al bolii Castleman.

Celem studium jest rozważenie, czy twitterowa komunikacja wyborcza odzwierciedla kryzys przywództwa politycznego. Po przeprowadzeniu analizy zawartości tweetów publikowanych przez kandydatów w wyborach na prezydenta Warszawy w 2018 roku oraz pomiarze stopnia zaangażowania obserwujących ich profile, odpowiedź na te pytanie jest niejednoznaczna. Za występowaniem kryzysu przywództwa przemawia nacisk polityków na kwestie wizerunkowe (prezentacje kampanijnej aktywności skoncentrowanej na osobie kandydata z istotną rolą komentarza polityka) oraz wysoki stopień zaangażowania zwolenników w treści nieprogramowe w porównaniu z treściami programowymi. Z drugiej strony istotne zróżnicowanie poziomu występowania tematyki programowe0j między kandydatami pokazuje, że Twitter nie determinuje rezygnacji ze strategii budowania relacji ze zwolennikami w kontekście celów programowych. The Crisis of Political Leadership in Twitter Electoral Communication on the Example of Local Government Presidential Campaign The aim of the study is to consider whether Twitter’s electoral communication reflects a crisis of political leadership. After analysing the content of tweets published by candidates in the 2018 election of the mayor of Warsaw and measuring the degree of engagement of their followers, the answer to this question is ambiguous. The existence of a leadership crisis is supported by the emphasis of politicians on image issues (presentations of campaign activity focused on the person of the candidate with the important role of the politician’s commentary) and the high degree of supporters’ engagement in non-programme content compared to programmatic content. On the other hand, significant differences in the level of occurrence of program topics between candidates show that Twitter does not determine the resignation from the strategy of building relationships with supporters in the context of program goals.

Lupusul eritematos sistemic (LES) este o maladie autoimună dobândită, cu afectare multiorganică și prezentare clinică extrem de variabilă și eterogenă. afectează persoanele cu vârsta medie 15 și 44 de ani. Raportul femei/ bărbați este de 13:1, în timp ce la copii și vârstnici de numai 2:1 [2, 5]. LES prezintă un spectru larg de manifestări clinice și imunologice, fiind una dintre condițiile cu cele mai înalte rate ale mortalității printre maladiile sistemice [10]. În articol este prezentat cazul clinic al pacientei, cu vârsta de 19 ani cu istoric de tromboze arteriale și venoase timp de 6 luni, diagnosticată cu LES subacut, cu afectarea tegumentelor, vaselor, mucoaselor, rinichilor, mușchilor, sistemului hematopoietic, sistemului imun și sindrom antifosfolipidic seronegativ secundar. Diagnosticul a fost stabilit în baza criteriilor SLICC clinice și imunologice, testelor de laborator, ECG, EcoCG, radiografiei cutiei toracice, ultrasonografiei organelor interne, ultrasonografiei Doppler a vaselor membrelor inferioare și IRM cerebral. Pe fondal de tratament imunosupresiv, anticoagulant, antiagregant a diminuat activitatea bolii, starea pacientei s-a ameliorat, continuă tratamentul de întreținere.

ON EVALUATIVE LINGUISTIC LABELS USED IN REGARD TO YOUNG CHILDREN The author of the article attempts to describe the linguistic phenomenon of labelling and stigmatization concerning children. In the introduction, the issue of child discrimination, known as adultism, is addressed. Then, the author discusses the origins and mechanisms of pejorative terms which frequently appear in online discussions related to motherhood and parenthood. In the analytical section, the author presents the most commonly used and negatively charged personal expressions, extracted,e. g. from the Monco PL search engine: bombelek, gówniak, kaszojad, purchlę and purchlak [pejorative terms denoting children]. Possible etymologies and usage examples are provided. Originally unequivocally negative terms for children also permeate colloquial language and gradually become neutralized or serve to distance oneself from parenthood. However, in this context, it’s worth referring to the ethics of language and promoting inclusive communication, which should also extend to talking about children and communicating with them.

LANGUAGE ACCURACY OF TEXTS GENERATED BY AI: A CASE STUDY OF CHATGPT The article aims to assess the linguistic accuracy of texts generated by ChatGPT, based on queries that mirror the instructions found in the 2023 secondary school final exam in Polish language and literature. The analysis focused on identifying and classifying language errors and evaluating their frequency. The results of the analysis revealed a varied level of accuracy in AI-generated texts. Most errors occurred in texts containing more complex constructions, where correct formulation required a comprehensive understanding of grammatical rules. The conclusions drawn from the analysis offer insights into the limitations of AI, which users should be mindful of when editing texts using chatbots.

The purpose of the article is to answer the question whether posthumanism is the end of the homo sapiens era. The multitude of posthumanisms can be reduced to two main views: cultural posthumanism and techno-humanism. Cultural posthumanism postulates a change in the image of man, while technological posthumanism postulates his enhancement. Posthumanist discourse cannot change human nature, but it does affect his condition. Although human nature is unchangeable, the corporeal-biological aspects of this nature are particularly susceptible to modifications. At the same time, it is difficult to indicate the actual boundaries of where the introduced changes either enhance or impair man.

Sclerodermia sistemică este o boală generalizată a țesutului conjunctiv caracterizată prin exprimarea manifestărilor patologice ale pielii, sistemului musculo-scheletic cu afectarea cordului, plămânilor, rinichilor, tractului gastrointestinal și tulburări vasospastice difuze cauzate de afectarea țesutului conjunctiv, predominând fibroza de tip microangiopatie obliterantă. Manifestările cardiovasculare au fost remarcate la aproximativ 10% dintre pacienții cu sclerodermie sistemică, fiind un predictor important al mortalității pacientului și adesea asociat cu un prognostic nefavorabil.

The paper highlights the problems of modern Russian cities that significantly affect their socio-economic development. Most of the problems are related to the transport and logistics system due to the historical design of urban neighborhoods, chaotic and point development, and the increasing importance of road transport. All this supports the need to develop comprehensive projects for the development of urban areas. It is impossible without the use of specialized software tools, which are based on all aspects of the territory being modernized. The use of a set of methods, based on structural analysis and simulation modeling, allowed us to obtain formal models of transport processes associated with Yeniseyskaya Street in the city of Moscow. Based on the obtained models, examples of created scenarios for forecasting changes in the processes of the object of study over time during the modernization of its individual elements are presented.

Introduction. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is chronic disease associated with considerable psychological burden and impaired quality of life (QoL). The objective of the study was to determine the medical and social status of patients with PsA, to optimize the management of these patients and increase their QoL. Material and Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study in which were included patients with PsA. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a special questionnaire, including employment and profesional status, information related to disease onset and duration, clinical overview related to the disease. In order to apreciate the burden of PsA, we applied the Rankin’s scale, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Short Form 8 (SF-8), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) and Disease Activity score in Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA), Patient Global Assessment (PGA) to assess the disease activity. Results. 92 PsA patients were enrolled in the study. Male to female ratio was 1.09:1, the patient’s mean age was 48.53±11.42 years. According to DAPSA, patients had moderate to high disease activity. 34.78% of patients from the group of study were full-time employees. The assessment of work productivity by WPAI determined a level of absenteeism of 9.39±11.79% and presenteeism of 37.57±27.31%. The QoL in PsA patients was diminished in both mental and physical domains; the average HAQ score value was 0.61, which indicates a moderate functional status. According to Rankin’s scale, the most frequent degree was the 2nd, found in 32 (34.78 %) patients. Conclusions. Patients with PsA have medium/low medical and social status, caused by low physical functionality and psychological problems. To optimize the management of patients with PsA, it is necessary to integrate rheumatological, dermatological, psychological and social services.

Introduction. Indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a lymphoid tumor with increasing morbidity with age. The objective of the study was to assess the clinical and hematological features of indolent NHL in elderly patients. Material and methods. The study included patients older than 60 years with indolent NHL, treated in the Oncological Institute, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. The diagnosis of indolent NHL was established according to the International Histological and Cytological Classification of Hematopoietic and Lymphatic Tissue Pathologies proposed by the World Health Organization in 2016. In all patients, clinical examination, imaging investigations, blood tests, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy were performed. Results. The study included 53 elderly patients: 33 women, 20 men. Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) predominated in men (70.8%), follicular lymphoma (FL) in women (62.5%), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) had almost the same frequency (49.4% and 50.6%) in men and women. In 53% of cases the onset was in lymph nodes. Advanced stages were diagnosed in 83.8% of cases. Bone marrow involvement was detected in 63.2% of cases. Conclusions. In our group of study, the most frequent form were SLL, regardless of patients’ gender. The onset of indolent NHL occurred more frequently in lymph nodes, mainly in peripheral ones. Independent of the indolent NHL type, the tumour spreads especially in the regional lymph nodes. The involvement of different extra-nodal areas was not identical: the bone marrow was affected most frequently, followed by liver and more rare other organs and tissues. Due to the low degree of malignancy, the extramedullary multiplication of malignant lymphoid cells is slow.

TRADE NAMES OF POLISH MEADS – BETWEEN TRADITION AND MODERNITY The aim of the study is to analyze and classify the trade names of Polish meads. The research material consists of 256 names of liquors which were divided into two groups: names of direct motivation and names of conventional motivation. The analysis of the motivation of the collected onyms made it possible for the author to highlight two marketing strategies used in the promotion of mead. On the one hand, a large group of names presents honey as a traditional alcohol with a long history. On the other hand, the motivations of many of the collected chrematonyms follow the opposite tendency, which is an attempt to present mead as a modern, interesting and intriguing alcohol.

Introduction. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory joint disease associated in up to one-third of patients with psoriasis. Studies performed on PsA showed the high burden of the disease, but it still has not been totally quantified due to variable course of the disease. The applicability of the existing clinical tools in the disease activity appreciation still needs to be approved. The objective of the study was the assessment of the disease activity level and the evaluation of reliability and applicability of disease activity measures in PsA. Materials and methods. A descriptive study of 46 PsA patients was performed. The disease activity indices for PsA were evaluated and compared. The level of the disease activity according to each index was assessed and applicability of these indices was appreciated. Results. The disease activity by Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) was appreciated as moderate in nearly half of the patients (47.8%), and according to Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) moderate disease activity was assessed in 56.5% cases. Minimal disease activity was encountered in only 8.69% of patients. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was estimated as moderate (mean 20.21 points). The data analysis of clinical tools showed that the most affected were pain and general condition, objectified by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Patient Global Assessment (PGA). Conclusions. The DAPSA demonstrated the highest objectiveness and was best able to designate between different levels of disease activity. DAPSA together with Minimal Disease Activity index (MDA), were best related to patient’s quality of life. Therefore, assessing the activity of the disease by MDA and DAPSA can be recommended for use in clinical practice.

Статья посвящена теоретико-методологической проблематизации роли музеев в формировании культур памяти малого города. Исследование основано на материалах полевых экспедиций 2021–2022 гг. в десяти российских малых городах, отобранных с учетом ряда параметров (вид, географическое положение, время создания, функции и т. п.). Музейная сеть обычно раскрывается на примере крупных культурных центров, однако это понятие применимо и для малых городов, где, помимо историко-краеведческих, есть музеи образовательных организаций и предприятий, художественные, мемориальные и тематические. Предложено определение понятия культуры памяти, разработана и описана типология «музейной» культуры, включающая научно-просветительский, мемориальный, фольклорный виды, в которых реализуются различные подходы к формированию и сохранению образа прошлого. Практики меморизации изучаются на основе различных исследовательских приемов. Созданная в рамках реализации проекта база данных по музеям малых городов используется для структурно-функционального анализа музейной сети, позволяющего представить картину в целом по стране. Стационарные и мобильные интервью с жителями городов уточняют описание музейных практик.

Introduction. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, chronic condition that belongs to autoimmune diseases, characterized by synovial membrane damage with the involvement of connective tissue, which leads to important functional limitations. The objective of the study was to estimate the functional and psycho-emotional status in people with rheumatic damage in relation to the degree of activity and differentiated programs of medical rehabilitation. Material and methods. The data were collected from 67 patients diagnosed with moderate activity RA, aged 29-73 years, of both sexes, randomized in 2 groups (test group L(T) – 31 patients, and control group L(C) – 36 patients). Patients in the test group were involved in medical rehabilitation programs with active-assisted kinetic techniques, individualized for each patient. All persons included in the study were clinically-functionally examined with the application of a set of identical functional tests at admission and again, more than one month after treatment. The functional capacity of the hand was assessed by testing bi-digital, poly-digital and palm-based forceps (dots). The severity of the pain was assessed by visual analogue scale. The SF-11 (Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey) scale was applied to assess the quality of life. The results obtained were analyzed using the Student test (p

Din 62 pacienți cu limfom non-Hodgkin (LNH) aflați în staționar, Departamentul Hematologie a IMSPIO din RM, 47 au întrunit criteriile de includere în studiu. La vizita inițială vârsta medie a pacienților a fost de 64,1±1,3 (i-v 37-78) ani, durata bolii-4,3 (i-v 1-12) luni, iar femeile au constituit 42,5%. Anticorpii anticardiolipinici (aCL) au fost depistați la 7 pacienți (14,9%), la ambele sexe (bărbați-4, femei-3), cu predominarea în stadiile generalizate ale bolii-85,1%. În 71,4% focarul tumoral primar a fost confirmat în ganglionii limfatici.

Introduction. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a malignant cancer of the lymphatic system. Modern treatment of NHL allows patients to extend their lifespan, but at the same time somatic and psychological complications reduce the patients’ quality of life. The objective of the study was to assess the quality of life in patients with NHL. Material and methods. The study included patients with aggressive and indolent NHL. The quality of life was assessed using the standard assessment tools Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), Global Well-Being (GWB) and European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30. Results. The study included 56 NHL patients: 36 women, 20 men, with a mean age of 58.1±1.3 years. The ECOG Scale of Performance Status, the EORTC functional scales, global health status and GWB were according to the primary tumour. Higher values ​​of functional scales were recorded in patients with aggressive NHL (70%). The symptom scales assessment did not clearly vary in both types of lymphomas (70% aggressive, 63% indolent), and the “better” global health status predominated in indolent NHL (36.8%). In 64.3% of cases there is severe suffering, with the predominance in women (72.2%). Conclusions. Patients with indolent NHL had a higher degree of independence. The ECOG scale of NHL patients, regardless of morphological type, does not correspond to the stage of the disease, but to the location of the primary tumour and its size.

Acest reviu literar aduce în vizor posibile noi strategii medicamentoase pentru tratamentul stenozei aortice prin prisma mecanismelor fiziopatologice care stau la baza patogeniei bolii. Bazat pe referințe bibliografice recente, reviul redă principalele mecanisme care stau la baza remodelării fibrocalcifice a cuspidelor valvei aortice și se axează pe rolul stresului mecanic, disfuncției endoteliale, reacției inflamatorii locale cu generarea de citokine pro-inflamatorii și pro-fibrotice, rolul fibroblaștilor și miofibroblaștilor locali. La finalul reviului sunt prezentate noile perspective de tratament a stenozei aortice pe baza similitudinii mecanismelor fiziopatologice ale bolii cu alte entități nosologice.

Introduction. Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a variable part of cystic fibrosis (CF) syndrome caused by mutations in CFTR gene. The objective of the study was to assess the frequency of CFTR gene mutations in patients with chronic relapsing pancreatitis (CRP). Material and methods. The study enrolled 41 patients with CRP and control group (CG), which consisted of 100 healthy people. The R117H mutation of the CFTR gene was confirmed in the Molecular Genetics Laboratory of the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. As a biological specimen, venous blood was used. The genetic polymorphism was identified through the polymerase chain reaction and analysis of enlarged fragment length and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), with the use of the respective primers. Results. The study detected the presence of the R117H/CFTR mutation in 31 (75.61%) of CRP patients and in 53 (53%) healthy persons from CG. A more significant difference was demonstrated when evaluating the ratio between homozygous and heterozygous variant of R117H mutation. In the group of the CRP patients, detected with the respective mutation, 11 (35.48%) had homozygous variant and 20 (64.52%) – heterozygous variant; in CG – in 11 (20.75%) persons the homozygous variant and in 42 (79.25%) – the heterozygous variant of the mutation have been confirmed. According to literature data, a high frequency of R117H mutation in heterozygous variant represents a higher risk of developing pancreatic pathology. The predominant CRP installation was confirmed at a young age of 25-34 years (48.8%). Conclusions. The high frequency of R117H/CFTR mutation in the heterogeneous population of the Republic of Moldova, in combination with other genetic and nongenetic risk factors, represents a high degree of risk for the development of pancreatic disorders.

Introduction. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a persistent type of arthritis with no defined cause that starts before the age of 16 years and lasts for at least 6 weeks. The objective of the study was to determine the clinical and laboratory efficacy of tocilizumab treatment in patients with systemic and polyarticular seropositive forms of JIA. Material and methods. The study took place in the Division of Rheumatology, Public Healthcare Institution – Mother and Child Institute, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. The parents of the patients signed the written consent to participate in the study. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the institute. The inclusion criteria for enrolling the patients who underwent the biological treatment were both the systemic and polyarticular JIA forms (seronegative or positive) and active sacroiliitis. The exclusion criteria were the patients with active infections, tuberculosis, sepsis, malignancies, and immunodeficiency disorders. This study included 20 children with JIA, in whom tocilizumab was administered every two weeks. The number of painful joints, the number of swollen joints, and the global evaluation of the disease by the doctor (GEDD) and by the patient (GEDP), as well as via the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ), were determined. Furthermore, paraclinical tests, that included complete blood count and C-reactive protein (CRP), were determined. Results. Children treated with tocilizumab exhibited a decreased number of painful and swollen joints, as well as the GEDD, GEDP, and CHAQ scores. Moreover, a decrease of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and CRP was observed. Conclusions. Children with JIA treated with tocilizumab showed a considerable clinical improvement and the paraclinical indices revealed a lower active inflammatory response.

Introduction. The worldwide alarming rise in the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in children has made the prevention and early treatment of obesity an important medical goal. The objective of the study was to assess the role of proinflammatory markers, such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and adipokines (leptin, adiponectin) in the development of MS in children and the impact of treatment with gastrointestinal lipase inhibitors on the degree of obesity and blood pressure values. Material and methods. The study included 24 children with metabolic syndrome. The serum values of lepine, adiponectin, TNF- and hs-CRP were determined in children with MS compared to a control group of 50 children of similar age. Results. The serum level of leptin, hs-CRP, and TNF- was higher in children with MS as compared with the control group. The adiponectin level was lower in children with MS, compared to the control group. After eight weeks of drug treatment with gastrointestinal lipase inhibitors in all children, a decrease in body mass index, abdominal circumference and blood pressure values was found, but the most important decreases were found in children who received non-pharmacological treatment in combination with gastrointestinal lipase inhibitors and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Conclusions. Hypoadiponectinemia, hyperleptinemia, increased serum hs-CRP and TNF- suggest that these adipokines/cytokines contribute to subclinical inflammation in children with MS and may also serve as biomarkers of MS. In combination with a low-calorie diet, regular exercise and lifestyle changes, treatment with gastrointestinal lipase inhibitors may help to reduce the prevalence of obesity and hypertension in children.

Introduction. The complexity of the interaction between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), comorbidities, and emerging complications requires a clinical approach that manages risk while maintaining indicated therapeutic goals. The objective of the study was to analyse the frequency and effectiveness of mono- and combined glucose-lowering therapy in T2DM patients with obesity and chronic pancreatitis (CP). Material and methods. The retrospective study analysed 579 medical records of T2DM patients, who were divided in the following groups: group 1- patients with normal body weight and without CP (n=67); group 2 – patients with normal body weight and with CP (n=32); group 3- overweight patients without CP (n=126); group 4 – overweight patients with CP (n=33); group 5 – obese patients without CP (n=262); group 6 – obese patients with CP (n=59). When evaluating the effectiveness of the received therapy, the target value of HbA1c less than 7% was considered. Results. Most of the patients with T2DM+CP and T2DM with normal body weight received combined therapy. The presence of CP significantly influences the choice of treatment for T2DM, particularly, 81.5% of patients with T2DM and CP were prescribed combined therapy. There was no significant difference between serum glucose and HbA1c levels in patients with only T2DM and comorbid T2DM+CP+overweight/obesity regarding monotherapy vs combined glucose-lowering therapy. However, glucose and HbA1c levels in patients with only T2DM on monotherapy were significantly lower, respectively, by 41.72% and 25.64% vs patients with comorbid CP and overweight/obesity, who were also prescribed monotherapy. Conclusion. The presence of CP significantly influences the choice of treatment for T2DM, while overweight/obesity is not a criterion for choosing mono- or combined glucose-lowering therapy. The use of metformin as monotherapy and the use of combined therapy in most of patients with only T2DM and comorbid T2DM do not achieve the target levels of glucose and HbA1c.

Introduction. Approaching the pediatric patient with joint pain is often a challenge, even for the most experienced clinicians. The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease in children may be difficult because of atypical symptoms and/or extraintestinal manifestations such as arthritis, weight loss, chronic anemia, unexplained fever. Case presentation. We present the case of a 13-year-old girl, presented initially with musculoskeletal complains, feverish, weight loss. After an extensive clinical and paraclinical examination and a proper differential diagnosis, the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease was established, confirmed by immunological investigations, colonoscopy with biopsy. The peculiarity of the clinical case translates into the onset of ulcerative colitis through extraintestinal manifestations, the main clinical manifestations being related to articular involvement. Conclusions. Overlap syndromes are a main challenge for clinicians. Inflammatory polyarticular syndrome in a child can often result in a benign self-limiting disease, but sometimes may reveal a serious chronic disease with significant morbidity. Ulcerative colitis diagnosed in children presenting with an amalgam of extraintestinal manifestations requires a multidisciplinary approach.

Introducere. Micopatiile inflamatorii idiopatice (MII) sunt un grup eterogen de tulburări, caracterizat prin slăbiciune musculară cronică, rezistență musculară scăzută și prin prezența infiltrațiilor celulelor inflamatorii în țesutul muscular, cu leziuni ale organelor și handicap. Obiectivul studiului a fost de a determina statutul socio-economic și gradul de dizabilitate la pacienții cu miopatii inflamatorii idiopatice. Metode. Am efectuat un studiu transversal, din decembrie 2015 până în decembrie 2018, în care au fost incluși pacienții cu MII. Datele demografice și clinice au fost colectate utilizând un chestionar special, inclusiv statutul de angajare și profesional, care susține doza de corticosteroizi. Pentru a estima gradul de invaliditate funcțională la momentul cercetării, am aplicat scara Rankin modificată, cu posibile scoruri de la 0 - nici o dizabilitate la 5 - total dependentă. Rezultate. În studiu au fost incluși 65 de pacienți cu MII. Raportul dintre bărbați și femei a fost de 1:3,3, vârsta medie a pacienților a fost de 50,2±11,7 ani, durata medie a bolii fiind de 95,2±6,89 luni. Conform scalei Rankin modificate, gradul I a fost găsit în 20 de cazuri (30,77%), gradul II la 24 pacienți (36,92%), 11 pacienți (16,92%) au gradul III, 8 pacienți (12,31%) gradul IV și gradul V a fost determinat la 2 pacienți (3,08%). Statutul salariatului în grupul cu MII a fost de 9 (13,85%) dintre cei 65 de pacienți angajați cu normă întreagă, 7 (10,77%) cu jumătate de normă, 7 (10,77%) șomeri, 10 (15,38%, 6 (9,23%) au fost gospodari, iar 26 (40,0%) au fost pensionați cu dizabilități în conformitate cu criteriile și nu au funcționat la momentul cercetării. Concluzie. Studiul nostru a arătat că pacienții cu miopatie inflamatorie idiopatică au un statut socio-economic scăzut, cu un loc de muncă redus și cu un handicap semnificativ.

Introduction. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders, characterized by chronic muscle weakness, low muscle endurance and by the presence of inflammatory cell infiltrates in muscle tissue, with organ damage and disability. The objective of the study was to determine the degree of disability in a Moldavian cohort of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, by Rankin’s scale. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study, from December 2015 to December 2018, in which were included patients with IIMs. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a special questionnaire, including employment status, upholding dose of corticosteroids. In order to estimate the degree of functional disability at the time of the research, we applied the modified Rankin’s scale, with possible scores from 0-no disability to 5-totally dependent. Results. 65 IIMs patients were enrolled in the study. Male to female ratio was 1:3.3, the patients’ mean age was 50.2±11.7 years, the mean disease duration 95.2±6.89 months. According to modified Rankin’s scale, the 1st degree was found in 20 cases (30.77%), the 2nd degree in 24 patients (36.92%), 11 patients (16.92%) had 3rd degree, 8 patients (12.31%) 4th degree, and 5th degree was determined in 2 patients (3.08%). Many variables were analyzed and we determined that the dose of prednisolone-equivalent

Endocardita infecțioasă (EI) este o maladie microbiană a structurilor cardiovasculare care evoluează cu complicații severe și prezintă o mortalitate înaltă: 16-20% în EI comunitare și 24-50% pentru EI nosocomiale [Știrbul A., 2017; Dayer M., 2015]. Incidența anuală a EI este de 1,5-11,6 cazuri la 100000 populație, iar la copii și adulți tineri constituie 5-12 cazuri la 100000 persoane [Baltimore R., 2015]. Cei mai frecvenți factori de risc în dezvoltarea EI la tineri sunt: cardiopatiile congenitale, valvulopatiile dobândite și utilizarea drogurilor intravenos (UDIV). Conform datelor contemporane, UDIV sunt expuși riscului de a dezvolta EI în 5-20% [Wulcer A, 2016]. În acest articol prezentăm cazul clinic al pacientului Y., de 32 de ani cu EI activă, cu afectarea valvelor mitrală, aortică și tricuspidă, cu hemoculturi negative, complicată cu efuzie pleurală, glomerulonefrită septică, embolii splenice și renale. Diagnosticul a fost stabilit conform criteriilor DUKE și Jennifer S. Li, utilizând în dinamică EcoCG, hemoculturi, Ro-grafia cutiei toracice, TC organelor interne și teste de laborator, fapt ce a permis un management corect și administrarea tratamentului adecvat. Pe fondalul tratamentului antimicrobian, antifungic și antiplachetar starea pacientului s-a ameliorat, dar pentru eradicarea definitivă a infecției a necesitat tratament chirurgical.

Bolile cardiovasculare prin mortalitate în Republica Moldova depășesc nivelul mediu global aproape de două ori pe parcursul ultimilor 10 ani. Prevenția primară include identifi carea persoanelor cu risc crescut prin depistarea factorilor biologici de risc și cei asociați cu stilul de viață. Scopul cercetării: Evaluarea particularităților și barierelor în monitorizarea pacienților cu risc cardiovascular înalt de către medicul de familie. Material și metode: Am desfășurat un studiu, transversal prin chestionarea unui eșantion compus din 207 medici de familie. Rezultate: Peste ½ din medicii de familie activează în zona urbană – 134 (64,7%), în zona rurală – 67 (32,4%) și 6 (2,9%) – în suburbii. Am constatat, că ¾ din eșantion desfășoară activitatea în instituții medicale publice – 158 (76,3%), 45 (21,7%) - în centre medicale autonome și 4 (1,9%) medici sunt angajați în instituții medicale private. Experiența profesională a relevat o medie de 25,8±1,05 (i.v. 1,0-55,0) ani, iar media pacienților examinați a constituit 161,0±17,0 (i.v. 100-200) pacienți pe săptămână. Concluzii: Rezultatele studiului au conturat un decalaj între ceea ce medicii cunosc și ce întreprind în supravegherea pacienților cu risc cardiovascular - cunosc măsurile de identifi care și evaluare a riscului prin instrumente 99,4% medici, știu să interpreteze rezultatele - 92,2%, au demonstrat abilități în acest sens- 61,3%, iar acționează conform recomandărilor actuale numai 60,9% din eșantionul de cercetare. Barierele în implementarea unei prevenții în funcție de gradul de risc sunt multiple - pe de o parte timpul este insuficient pentru promovarea stilului de viață sănătos, pe de altă parte non complianța pacienților la sfaturile medicale.

Introduction. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects various organs and systems. These patients develop disability in various stages of disease progression, which has a significant impact on individuals and society. The objectives of the study were to assess work disability in patients with SLE. Methods. We carried out a cross-sectional study including SLE patients (according to the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics – SLICC – classification criteria, 2012). The disability status was studied using American and Moldavian disability criteria. Validated questionnaires were applied: absenteeism and presenteeism at work, socio-economic status was calculated according to the Kuppuswamy scale and the quality of life using SF-8. Results. The study included 132 SLE patients. 20 patients (15.1%) with early disease (

Sindromul ovarelor polichistice (SOP) reprezintă una din cele mai răspândite forme ale endocrinopatiei, care are drept consecinţă hiperandrogenia şi infertilitatea anovulatorie. La etapa actuală se practică diferite metode de tratament al SOP. A determina criteriile clinice și bioclinice de prognostic la pacientele cu sindromul ovarelor polichistice și infertilitate supuse drilling-ului ovarian laparoscopic.

The objective of the study was to investigate the features of blood neutrophils’ apoptosis in case of combined trauma of the chest and both thighs in rats. Material and methods. The analysis of cell samples to determine reactive oxygen species was evaluated by the flow laser cytometry method, using 2.7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. The percentage of neutrophils with low transmembrane mitochondrial potential and percentage of apoptotic neutrophils were evaluated by the flow laser cytometry method, using specific kits. Results. It was established the progressive, statistically significant increasing of Annexin V- positive cells percentage from the first day of the experiment, with the highest values within 7-14 days of observation. On the 28th day of experiment, the reduction of apoptotic white blood cells percentage by 7.7% than the findings on the 14th day was observed, but it remained 33.3% higher than the control. Conclusion. One of the important signaling pathways of apoptosis triggering in case of experimental combined trauma of the chest and both thighs is reactive oxygen species overproduction and disruption of the mitochondrial inner membrane, due to the decreasing transmembrane potential on 3-7 days of observation.

Television Address to the Nation as a Tool of Crisis Communication Since the coronavirus pandemic began, the institutions of the Polish state have been using various communication methods to minimise the potential impact of the crisis. Such methods include press conferences, social campaigns, and messages broadcast on TV and in the Internet. In addition, the most important people in the country (the President of the Republic of Poland, the Speaker of the Sejm and the Speaker of the Senate) have decided to use their right to speak to the nation in the form of TV addresses. The aim of this article is to analyse the rhetorical and argumentative layer of these speeches, and to describe the most important persuasive strategies used by the politicians to mitigate the negative effects of the crisis of the image of the country.

Studiul a fost realizat pe un eșantion de 324 de pacienți, reprezentând populația adultă din municipiul Chișinău. Grupul de examinare a fost selectat dintre pacienții consecutivi, datele f ind incluse în fișele medicale de urgență în perioada 2016-2017. S-au identifi cat 34,56% bărbați și 65,44% femei, 53,09% au efectuat apeluri pe parcursul zilei, prevalența vârstei solicitanților fiind între 51-70 ani, media timpului de asistență medicală a pacientului constituind 53,7 minute, locul de reședință al pacientului - 13,6 minute.

Introduction. Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe cardiovascular disorder involving native valves, ventricular or atrial endocardium, foreign intracardiac bodies (prosthetic valves, pacemaker or intracardiac defibrillator), and extracardiac (neurological, nephrological, musculoskeletal system etc.) complications with high mortality and poor prognosis. The objectives of the study were to evaluate clinical and laboratory features of infective endocarditis with musculoskeletal manifestations. Methods. The study was conducted on a sample of 235 patients, 185 being hospitalized in specialized Cardiology Departments, including four medical centers, between November 2014 and March 2016. All patients included in the study fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for infective endocarditis developed after Duke Endocarditis Service (Durham, North Carolina), revised in 1994 and 2007. Results. According to the presence or absence of musculoskeletal manifestations (MSM), patients were divided in 2 groups: 1st group – 90 patients with IE and MSM (38%) and 2nd group – 145 patients with IE without MSM (72%). In this way we found that women develop musculoskeletal symptoms more frequently than men – 44% vs. 36%, although MS symptoms were found in 38% of study patients. The highest incidence of IE in the general study group was seen in men – 70% vs. women – 30% respectively (p = 0.022). Conclusions. From all predisposing cardiac factors in IE patients with MSM the most prevalent ones were: rheumatic valvular heart disease (33%) and valvular prostheses (24%), the predominant bacteremia source being the respiratory infections (52%), poor dental hygiene (33%) and tonsillitis (24%) occurring in patients with diabetes mellitus (23%) and hepatitis (21%).

Tekst stanowi syntetyczną prezentację starań pracowników żłobków na rzecz podejmowania współpracy z różnorodnymi instytucjami, by wspierać w placówce dziecko i rodzinę. To, co zasługuje na podkreślenie, to edukacyjny wysiłek pracowników, by doskonalić swoje umiejętności wychowawcy oraz wspólny dorobek pracowników żłobków i badaczy zaproszonych do współpracy przy tworzeniu publikacji na temat dziecka i wychowawcy w placówce.

The paper estimates the possibility of obtaining solid biomass for energy purposes in the Biała Podlaska County (Lublin Voivodeship, Poland). The estimates were based on data on: forest area, orchards and tree stands, land use, crop structure, animal population, and marginal land area in the County. It was found that in most communes, there are great possibilities of obtaining biomass for energy purposes. The largest resource is straw (243,501 Mg per year), which should first be used in agriculture as animal litter and organic fertilizer. Only its surplus can be intended for the combustion and production of pellets and briquettes. In the County, large areas of poor quality land were inventoried, on which perennial energy plants with low requirements can be grown. Up to 113,595 Mg of biomass can be obtained there. The basic condition for the development of targeted energy crops is the emergence of a biomass market: installations that convert biomass into fuels or produce energy on a local scale and sell it to power plants. Currently, a commonly used resource is wood biomass from forests and wood processing, which is used as fuel in domestic boilers, as well as for the production of pellets and briquettes.

Individual Multilinguality as a Research Problem in Linguistics. The Case of Bronisław Malinowski The goal of the paper is to outline the methodological approach to a study of a multilingual person, and their linguistic output recorded in multilingual texts. It employs the set of conceptual and research instruments developed for the investigation of individual bilingualism and recorded bilingual speech, and uses them to explore the linguistic strategies of Bronisław Malinowski, an outstanding anthropologist and a multilingual person who consciously exploited the codes he knew in the process of creating multilingual texts – heterogeneous by their very nature, and yet cohesive. A multilingual text is a text in which several languages coexist, but always only two codes meet in a given point on the line of the text. Traces of the meeting of languages are visible in the form of transcodic markers. Their formal and functional analysis serves to examine the rules on which several languages have been introduced into a text, which can be an inspiration to outline the grammar of individual multilinguality.

Manipulism and the First Complete Verse Translation of “Dziady” into English How did the translator cope with the task of translating into English the national poetic drama series which, together with Pan Tadeusz and Wesele, is considered to be one of the national epics? Did he manage to respond to the linguistic and cultural challenges such as: the complicated structure of the Romantic drama, the combination of low and grand styles, the depiction of Polish society at the time of the Partitions, the interweaving of historical and autobiographical events into the texture of the plot and the Polish reality pictured? Is the epic translatable at all? This translation – like all others – “was not made in the vacuum” which influenced the rendition of its Polishes and the loose structure of Romantic drama. The author of this paper identifies changes and deformations of the Polish Dziady in Kraszewski’s translation and shows their cause.

The article examines the problems of professional self- development among undergraduates in the digital space, identified during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study showed that students have characteristics that are necessary for further personal growth. They want to know themselves and ready to change and learn new things, improve themselves. Conducted during a pandemic and distance learning in self- isolation showed that 50% of students expressed satisfaction with this form of education, explaining their opinion with a high level of independent search for the necessary information, opportunities for self-development, self-realization, and self-improvement. Among the difficulties of distance learning, all surveyed identified: search and critical analysis of digital information; communicative dissatisfaction, the need for approval. The surveyed students in their self-development need a micro- and macro- environment that would create a secure creative educational space. It is necessary to search for new solutions to overcome psychological barriers associated with the need for self-development as future highly qualified specialists in the context of modern trends in the development of digital education.

The world ecological problem of waste accumulation, environmental pollution and the need to develop a circular economy are described. The aim of the article is to show the advantage of using a circular economy in the management of the national economy. It is substantiated that resource management should radically change from a linear model of accept-use-dispose to a more stable, circular model. It is proved that the principles of circular economy are not based on the management of material and waste flows, but on more valuable methods, such as maintenance, recycling and reuse. Different models of circular economy and their shortcomings are considered. Based on practical world experience in implementing the concept of circular economy, 5 main circular business models are identified. It has been established that circular supply chains that minimize waste and seek to reuse, repair and recycle where waste cannot be prevented should be more sustainable than the linear systems they replace. It was found that in the absence of effective resource management, the current environmental situation will lead to fatal consequences, which confirms the need for public administration to ensure the use of a circular economy.

Purpose of this paper is to improve parameters of metal structures elements of hoisting-and-transport machines (HTMs) by means of systematic approach to study changes of their stress-strain state during design or usage stage. Subject of the study is pattern of changes in distribution and values of stresses in elements of metal structures of HTMs depending on the structural and parametric characteristics. Design methodology of metal structures of HTMs on the basis of a portal crane is proposed, it is based on strength calculations using methods of allowable stresses and FEM, 3D computer simulation, system analysis of the stress-strain state and structural-parametric synthesis. Results of modeling of loading state and calculations of the portal crane metal structures on strength by FEM in CAD/CAE system, analysis of their stress-strain state, structural-parametric synthesis are presented. Recommendations on practical application of the results are given. Possible ways of further development of proposed solutions are identified.

This article describes how to connect to PhotosynQ and some of the features of a cloud service. The focus is on organizing communication between the web service and the Internet of Things. An example and procedure for integrating a number of digital encoders that are not included in the list supported by the default platform through modification of the open-source base firmware is given. It has been suggested that in the future, a number of tools can be designed in the future, including for environmental monitoring, using basic digital sensors included in the so-called Arduino UNO Kit kits and more. It is emphasized that the PhotosynQ web platform, which is related to the SaaS cloud computing model, is an environment for collecting, analyzing, deriving and discussing results where research protocols and calculation procedures are open access. Its primary focus is only on working with a specific list of dashboards, offset by the openness of the software itself, which provides communication with the platform.

The maximum stress of the cycle should be limited not by yield strength but by tensile strength of detail material intended to be destructed. Therefore, such widespread linear approximations of Haigh diagram and conditions of Soderberg and Serensen-Kinasoshvili are not applicable for such details. Safety factor of fatigue strength of safety devices destructive elements should not exceed 1.0. Therefore, it is undesirable to use modified condition of Goodman for destructive elements. Two new variants of linear approximation of Haigh limit amplitudes diagram were developed. Both variants have proven their efficiency in design and operation of safety devices with destructive elements in framework of laboratory ‘Protection of metallurgical machines from breakdowns’ of the Chief mechanic department of PJSC ‘ILYICH IRON AND STEEL WORKS’ (Mariupol city, Ukraine).

Une des difficultés mentionnées par les étudiants dyslexiques est la production de textes (Mazur-Palandre, Abadie et Bedoin, 2016). Chez les sujets neurotypiques, les processus orthographiques s’automatisent progressivement avec l’expérience (Berninger et Swanson, 1994), ce qui permettrait – si on se place dans le cadre de la théorie de la capacité pour la production écrite (McCutchen, 1996) - d'affecter davantage de ressources à des processus de niveau supérieur, tels que la révision. Chez les individus dyslexiques, les processus orthographiques sont peu automatisés, et ce même à l’âge adulte ce qui peut donc impacter la production textuelle (Fayol et Miret, 2005). Cette étude vise à analyser les productions écrites d’étudiants dyslexiques et contrôles afin de voir de quelle manière la révision diffère entre les deux groupes d’étudiants. Les étudiants ont été invités à produire des textes écrits, collectés par le biais d’une tablette graphique et du logiciel Eye and Pen©, permettant d'observer la temporalité de l’activité d’écriture, dont les révisions. Les résultats indiquent que les étudiants dyslexiques et contrôles ne diffèrent guère quant à la quantité et les types de révision, ce qui suggère que les étudiants dyslexiques ont mis en place des stratégies. Néanmoins, des analyses complémentaires nuancent les résultats en montrant des différences entre les deux groupes.

Tests of a full-scale model of slab with the dimensions of 6.30x6.30m, built of TerivaPanel panels were carried out under short-term and long-term load. TerivaPanel panels are partial precast, pre-tensioned concrete slabs with ribs connected at the bottom. The panels have a specially shaped cross-connection (shear key) enabling loads to be transferred between the panels. The tests were carried out under a load placed on the top of the slab. Additionally, the load was applied sequentially. Measurements were made by an electronic method. In one of the stages, long-term testing, the load was applied to one half of the slab to examine the possibility of faulting. The measurements were carried out at monthly intervals, using a geodetic method. The values of vertical displacements at the panel joints (in the middle of the slab) and for central panels along the entire length of the joint were measured.

Strut & Tie (S-T) models are used quite commonly for the analysis of reinforced concrete structures and in the calculation of masonry structures. Creating the S-T model of the confined masonry is slightly different from models of reinforced concrete or models of classic masonry structures. These models should take into account different stiffness of concrete and masonry. This article proposes a Strut & Tie model for the analysis of confined masonry. The results of calculations were compared with the results of tests of full scale masonry walls with and without opening. Good compliance of the calculation results of S-T models with the test results was obtained.

Рассматриваются проблемы реализации партийной молодежью начала 1920-х гг. функции «социального бульдозера». Особенностью данного периода были активные социальные преобразования в разных сферах общества. Молодежи в этом процессе отводилась особая роль «ударной силы». Мобилизация молодежи через ее идеологическую обработку, политическое воспитание, военизацию, спортивно-культурные мероприятия входила в политику партии и правительства. Результатом комплексной молодежной политики стало формирование новой системы ценностей, главной установкой которой было служение государству и идеалам коммунизма. Привлечение молодежи в Коммунистическую партию обеспечивало необходимый уровень влияния и контроля. На основе изучения первичных материалов Всероссийской переписи членов РКП(б) характеризуются социальный облик партийной молодежи, ее карьерные стратегии. Молодежь в изучаемый период составляла большинство членов партии, определяя общий социальный портрет коммунистов. Для молодых членов партии был характерен невысокий образовательный уровень. Карьерные стратегии молодежи были ориентированы на выполнение руководящих функций в низовых (волостных) и уездных органах власти, где молодые люди становились кадровым резервом для руководящих должностей более высокого уровня.