Search

We conducted a socio-anthropological study in Ivory Coast to determine recommendations for a communication strategy aimed at increasing HIV testing, especially among young men. The study results showed that the existence of HIV testing is widely known as are the reasons for getting tested. Fear of death and of stigmatization is the main obstacle to testing. Men are more likely than women to be reluctant to undergo HIV testing, and the fear of dying of AIDS is especially strong among young people. Perceptions of HIV treatments are contradictory: while most of those interviewed know about HIV treatments and say that treatment makes it possible to maintain good health, HIV infection is still frequently associated with death. We recommend reinitiating the mass communication campaign around HIV that was abandoned in order to focus on targeted programs, in order to change perceptions of HIV infection and encourage people who are sexually active to get tested, especially those practicing risky behaviors. We also recommend developing communication messages targeting young men.

The aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze the first 29 cases of sleeve gastrectomy in Abidjan.We analyzed the records of patients operated for morbid obesity in 3 private clinics in Abidjan by the team of Professor Alexandre N'Guessan from 2009 to 2014. This study included all patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity.A total of 29 patients were operated; 28 women and 1 man with a mean age of 34 years. Their body mass index (BMI) ranged between 35 and 49 kg/mThe sleeve gastrectomy is a feasible technique with our current working conditions. It requires a good patient selection, and a multidisciplinary team.Le but de ce travail a été d'évaluer et d'analyser les 29 premiers cas de sleeve gastrectomie à Abidjan.Nous avons évalué le dossier des patients opérés pour obésité morbide dans 03 cliniques privées d'Abidjan par l'équipe du Pr N'Guessan Alexandre de 2009 à 2014. Ont été inclus tous les patients ayant bénéficié d'une sleeve gastrectomie laparoscopique pour obésité morbide.29 patients ont été opérés; 28 femmes et 1 homme avec un âge moyen de 34 ans. L'indice de masse corporelle (BMI) compris entre 35 et 49 Kg/m2 avec des comorbidités. La procédure laparoscopique a été possible dans tous les cas sans conversion. La durée opératoire moyenne était de 3h. Les patients étaient exéat dans 70% des cas au 2La sleeve gastrectomie est une technique réalisable dans nos conditions de travail. Elle nécessite une bonne sélection des patients, une équipe multidisciplinaire.

Face à l’augmentation du surpoids, de l’obésité et de certaines maladies chroniques, de nombreux pays ont pris des mesures pour inciter les populations à avoir une alimentation saine et à faire régulièrement de l’activité physique. Cependant, agir sur les comportements nutritionnels est complexe car de nombreux facteurs individuels et environnementaux entrent en jeu. En France, depuis 2007, la loi impose aux industriels d’apposer des messages sanitaires sur les publicités pour les produits alimentaires manufacturés. Après plusieurs années de mise en œuvre de ce dispositif, la question se pose de son impact en termes d’efficacité sur les comportements nutritionnels et d’une éventuelle reformulation des messages. L’expertise collective, réalisée pour Santé publique France, répond à cette préoccupation. Après avoir fait le point sur le contexte législatif, l’impact du marketing sur les comportements alimentaires, l’évaluation des campagnes nutritionnelles ainsi que sur les mécanismes psycho-cognitifs en jeu dans la réception et le traitement des messages nutritionnels par les individus, le groupe d’experts propose différentes recommandations telles que restreindre les actions de marketing alimentaire destinées aux enfants, reconsidérer le dispositif des messages sanitaires et concevoir des messages adaptés afin d’améliorer l’impact sur les comportements nutritionnels.

International audience

The high positive responses obtained in active TB indicate that IGRAs may be useful in diagnosing active TB. This study aimed at evaluating the usefulness of Quantifer on-TB Gold-in Tube test (QFT-IT) in the diagnosis of active TB among Nigerians.This study prospectively enrolled sputum smear positive TB cases and healthy disease free controls. Basic demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Venous blood was collected into the QTF-IT tubes, incubated for 16-24 hours, serum harvested and stored at -200C till analysed in a batch. Tuberculin skin test (TST) was also done using 5TU and read within 48-72 hours. The performances of QFT-IT and TST among the cases and controls were compared.Sixty one TB cases and 41 controls were enrolled. The mean (SD) age of the TB cases was higher than the controls, 35.14+4.3 yrs v 27.8 + 2.1, p0.001. Forty three (70.5%), 13 (21.3%) and 5 (8.2%) of the cases had a positive, negative and indeterminate QFT-IT results respectively compared with 14 (34.1%), 25 (61%), and 2 (4.9%) of the controls respectively, p values0.001, 0.005 and 0.05 respectively. Fifty eight(95%) and 29(70.7%) of the TB cases and controls had a positive TST result respectively while 3 (5%) and 12( 29.3%) of the TB cases and controls had a negative TST result respectively, p values 0.003 each .QFT-IT had a sensitivity of 76% (95% CI 61.8 -85.2%) while the sensitivity of TST was 96.6% (95% CI 88.5 -98.3%), p = 0.07. The specificity of QFT-IT was 63.7% (95% CI 46-76%) and 30% (95% CI 20- 56%) for TST, p =0.001. Positive Likelihood ratio was 1.7 (95% CI 1.06-2.85) for QFT-IT and 1.4 (95%CI 1.06-1.8) for TST, p =0.002. Among the cases, both TST and QFT-IT were positive in 43(70.5%) and both negative in 1 (1.6%), and overall test .agreement was 77.7% (Kappa =0.13; p= 0.07). Female sex and higher total lymphocytes count were significantly associated with a positive QFT results.IGRA has a higher specificity and positive likelihood ratio in TB cases. Our findings indicate that QFT-IT may be a good adjunct tool to diagnose TB disease.

The authors report an uncommon complication in cervical skeletal fluorosis. It is a cervical spondylolisthesis at C5–C6 level complicated by a radiculomyelopathy described in a man living in an endemic area for fluorosis. After 3 years, a spontaneous stabilization of the cervical spine with a posterior calcification of the supraspinal and interspinal ligaments has caused an improvement of the neurological symptomatology.

A variety of triazoles and thiadiazoles linked to the N-atom of the phenothiazine through a two carbon atoms chain have been submitted to preliminary toxicological screening (DL50 and DMT). Two derivatives have been selected for the specific pharmacological evaluation. It has been noted a diminution of the exploratory capacity without the muscle tonus, the balance and the capacity of becoming normal again of the tested animals (mice and rats) being affected.

The report covers 27 cases of neuro-surgical exophthalmia treated at Dakar U.H.C. between 1970 and 1987. Unilateral forms are the most common (25 cases), usually discovered at the bulging stage. Exploration was undertaken by the usual means of X-ray without contrast, echography, arteriography, and fractioned, gaseous encephalography employed together in varying degrees. The main etiologies are tumours (70%), largely benign, and specific and non-specific inflammation (18.5%). Surgery was prescribed in 18 cases, including 11 orbitotomies--8 frontal and 3 fronto-temporal. Malformation syndromes, and above all very advanced pathologies challenged surgical skill in 9 of the cases. Generally speaking, post operational results are favourable, but 3 deaths are reported and one relapse. Tomodensitometry, modern anaesthetic and revival techniques, and the important collaboration between the ophthalmologist and the neuro-surgeon are all factors in successfully mastering neuro-surgical protrusions.

A method for the separation of serum conjugated steroids, sulfates and glucuronides, is described. It is based on the fact that methylene blue forms complexes with ester-sulfates which can be quantitatively and specifically extracted by chloroform from aqueous phase. The quantitative determination of the conjugated fractions thus obtained can be done after solvolysis followed by hydrolysis by beta-glucuronidase from Helix pomatia.