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Navigating towards a sustainable future, this paper meticulously reviews diverse studies, exploring the intricate dynamics of transitioning to 100% solar energy in smart cities, whilst particularly scrutinising land requirements. The studies, set against varied geographical and socioeconomic backdrops, delve into the technical and economic feasibility, alongside environmental repercussions of a wholesale shift towards renewable energy in urban environments. For example, a detailed exploration of Delhi’s multi-sectoral energy transition pathway unveils potential in slashing primary energy and costs, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and bolstering the energy job sector. Another study elucidates a methodology for crafting Smart Energy Cities, exemplified by Aalborg’s transition within Denmark’s 100% renewable energy framework. Additionally, an examination of the economic and environmental performance of renewable energy systems in diverse Chinese residential communities highlights the predominance of solar energy and biomass, revealing disparities in investment recovery and emission reductions. Collectively, these studies illuminate the multifaceted aspects of renewable energy transitions in urban contexts, steering towards a globally sustainable, efficient, and secure energy future.

Protection and control automation messages transfer between devices and the control center (CC) over IEC 61850 standard protocols in active distribution network (ADN) using Ethernet. Wireless communication network provides real-time monitoring and control of ADN. The proposed novel approach framework presentsline to ground (LG) faults protection and control method utilizing IEC 61850 standards at bay level between intelligent protection devices for fast and reliable protection. Moreover, this bay level peer to peer communication utilizes IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN)to reduce the fault protection time and other messages transferring time instead of Ethernet communication by GOOSE multicast communication services. End to end time delay and throughput of data transmission between the coordination nodes are illustrated using NS2 simulation.

Electricity generation through Photovoltaic (PV) for power supply in rural areas is one of the best solution to solve many problems. The standalone power supply by using PV system is attracting by many scholars. However, storage systems like batteries are mandatory to maintain energy management as well as power quality in PV based standalone systems due to random variations in both solar irradiance as well as load. However, the operation of AC loads requires an inverter. Similarly, a bidirectional DC to DC converter is necessary to handle the discharging and charging process of the battery based on the power difference between generation and load. Even during nighttime when there is no power available from PV panels, the battery must supply the power demanded by the loads. To ensure high-quality power supply at the load bus, a novel control system for the inverter has been implemented. Additionally, this paper proposes a novel energy management system to maintain power balance between generation and load. A maximum power point tracker (MPPT) converter has also been integrated into the PV system using the perturbed and observe (P&O) algorithm. Extensive results, obtained through the MATLAB/Simulink package, are presented to demonstrate the significance of the proposed controllers under various operating conditions. The performance of the proposed control schemes remains satisfactory even when the standalone system undergoes various changes.

In a time when many national governments are rhetorically, if not practically, turning away from global collaboration and emphasizing economic nationalisms, understood here as a plurality of historically and politically contextualized policies, the authors in this thematic issue explore the possible contributions of comparative ethnographic analyses of economic nationalisms to interdisciplinary, transnational analyses. In this introduction to the thematic section, the editors note the turn to economic nationalisms in the current context of global crises, review the literature on economic nationalisms, and illustrate the strong political and historical variations in economic nationalisms within even the same nation, using India as an example. The three ethnographic articles in this thematic section are discussed in relation to each other. They offer examples from Turkey, Italy, Guatemala and the U.S., with a shared focus on economic nationalisms and the reliance on the labor of transnational migrants displaced by war, land grabs, and climate change even as those vital contributors to national economies are denied cultural and national citizenship – an irony rendered all the more visible during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The important role of the Balkans in the origin and development of metallurgy is well established with respect to copper. In addition, Aleksandar Durman, in his 1997 paper “Tin in South-eastern Europe?”, essentially initiated studies into the role of the Balkans in Europe’s Bronze Age tin economy. He identified six geologically favourable sites for tin mineralisation and associated fluvial placer deposits in the former Yugoslavian republics, and suggested that these may have added to the tin supply of the region. The viability of two of these sites has been confirmed (Mt Cer and Bukulja, Serbia) but the exploitation potential for the other locations has remained untested. River gravels from these four sites (Motajica and Prosara in Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bujanovac in Serbia; Ogražden in North Macedonia) were obtained by stream sluicing and panning. The sites of Prosara and Bujanovac were found to be barren with respect to cassiterite (SnO2). Streams flowing from Motajica and Ogražden were both found to contain cassiterite, but in amounts several orders of magnitude less than at Mt Cer and Bukulja. Although it is possible that minor tin recovery occurred at Motajica and Ogražden, it is unlikely that they could have contributed meaningfully to regional tin trade. This is supported by the fact that the isotopic signature (δ124Sn) of cassiterite from Motajica is highly enriched in light isotopes of tin compared to that associated with Late Bronze Age artefacts of the region.

Hybrid approaches to stock prediction and recommendation are a critical area of research for individual investors and financial institutions. Traditional methods have limitations, leading to the emergence of hybrid models. This paper reviews current research on hybrid models, including GAN-based, LSTM-based, and neural network-based models, Soft Computing based, GRU based models to provide optimal results, for stock recommendation techniques include sentiment analysis, which uses natural language processing to analyze news articles and social media posts, and network analysis, which examines the relationships between stocks to identify stocks likely to move together. It also discusses evaluation metrics used to assess the performance of these models and then it provides the generalize pipelines that can be kept in mind while researching and developing a recommender engine, it also shows the future direction in order to build the hybrid recommenders as well as predictors, making it a valuable contribution to the stock prediction and recommendation field.

In the current digital era, having connection to the internet is essential for economic opportunities, education, and communication. However, there is unequal access to these digital resources due to the ongoing global problem of the “digital divide”. In order to close this gap, this project investigates the creation of a satellite-connected, reasonably priced smartphone. Traditional terrestrial networks have their limitations, especially in isolated and rural locations where it can be difficult to access the internet. Furthermore, communication in metropolitan areas is hampered by worries about radiation from cellular towers. This method overcomes the constraints of conventional terrestrial networks to provide internet access to even the most remote locations by outfitting smartphones with satellite communication capabilities. This technology not only offers economic opportunities, education, and basic services, but it also lessens the need for traditional cellular towers in crowded places, which may allay worries about radiation exposure from towers. The study highlights how crucial it is to overcome technological obstacles, work with manufacturers, develop encouraging regulations, and run awareness efforts in order to promote the adoption of this ground-breaking strategy. The main conclusions indicate that, in addition to addressing connection and health issues, reasonably priced smartphones with satellite connectivity can make a substantial contribution toward bridging the digital divide and helping urban and impoverished communities. This study makes a very clear point: adopting smartphones with satellite capabilities can open the door to a more connected and just digital society.

The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into modern infrastructure systems has given birth to the concept of “Intelligent Infrastructure,” with the smart grid as a prominent example. The smart management and efficient application of important electricity burden during agricultural production process has been realized by disposing energy efficiency management platform in rural areas. This paper investigates the applicability of grid computing within the context of intelligent infrastructure, with a particular emphasis on the smart grid. Grid computing, a distributed computing paradigm that utilizes the combined computational power of interconnected resources, has the potential to significantly improve the effectiveness, dependability, and sustainability of smart grid operations. In addition, the allocation and distribution of network resources by the grid’s systems will be examined in depth. While downloading gigabyte to terabyte-sized files from the internet, we frequently encounter various technical issues such as ISP restrictions, link expiration, etc In the meantime, the information exchanging has been proposed among the energy efficiency management platform, the distributed energy systems, the distribution automation system and the data acquisition system. Therefore, the intelligent scheduling of distributed energy can be realized in rural production during the peak period of electricity load and the affluent period.

This article presents the results on the termiticidity of the compounds produced by the reactions of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) with 2-aminothiazole, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and 2-aminobenzothiazole. The biological effect of the studied compounds has been found to be dose-dependent. Among the GA derivatives the maximum insecticidal activity has been exhibited by the GA derivative with 2-aminobenzothiazole. Based on the results of the experiments, it has been concluded that the structural-functional approach to the search for biotermiticides is one of the alternative ways to develop environmentally safe means of termite control.

Automatic text summarization is increasingly required with the exponential growth of unstructured text through increasing internet and social media usage across the globe. The various approaches are outcomes of extraction-based and abstraction-based. In Extraction-based summarization, the extracted content from the original data, is typically presented in the same or slightly modified form without significant paraphrasing or restructuring. Abstractive methods involve building an internal representation of the original content and then using that representation to generate a summary that may not be present in the original text verbatim. They employ natural language processing techniques, such as language generation models, to paraphrase and rephrase sections of the source document to create a more human-like summary. Abstraction in abstractive summarization is indeed a challenging task because it requires not only linguistic and syntactic understanding but also a deeper semantic understanding of the original content. The evaluation of automatically summarized text through criteria of precision and recall, and various evaluation methods, datasets used for domain based and generic text summarization. This paper proposes the Sentence Length Impact (SLI) algorithm to summarize English text content, which gives 92% accuracy and translating the same in French.

Se revisa el registro fósil ediacárico del Grupo de Jodhpur en los alrededores de la ciudad de Jodhpur, al oeste de Rajastán. Sus mejores afloramientos son considerados como sitios potenciales de Geopatrimonio. Se prevé una protección específica contra la explotación de sus canteras.

This essay reflects on the consequences for ethnography of the reversal of the direction of the anthropological encounter – what exactly happens when anthropologists from the Global South undertake fieldwork among populations in the Global North? I will argue that this does not merely correct historical imbalances of anthropological knowledge production, thereby changing the substance of that knowledge itself, although of course that is a goal worth pursuing, as has cogently been pointed out by the “world anthropologies” critique of hegemonic disciplinary practices. Using insights drawn from my own research site in the US heartland, where I conducted fieldwork initially in 1989-91, and then again during a “focused revisit” in 2015, I suggest that lasting misunderstandings between the anthropologist and the research participants are themselves a rich source of data and human possibility. My contention is that non-standard and long-term fieldwork of this kind may help reveal dimensions of the practice of ethnography that would otherwise remain obscured.

Se describen en este trabajo los restos bien conservados de Aspidella, fósiles de cuerpo blando ediacáricos de la Arenisca de Jodhpur (Supergrupo de Marwar) el área de Sursagar, Jodhpur, al oeste de Rajasthan, India. Éstos muestran características morfológicas características descritas anteriormente en otros famosos yacimientos fósiles ediacáricos, como los de la Formación de Fermuse (Terranova), Australia meridional y el Mar Blanco de Rusia.

As a major Green House Gases (GHG) producer, CO2 in particular, the electricity industry’s emissions have turned in to a matter of immense concern in many countries, especially in India. India’s economy and fast economic development has attracts the attention of the world. Emission trading schemes (ETS) and renewable energy support schemes (RESS) are implemented by the various developed countries to alleviate the affect of GHG emissions. In this paper, an optimization based market simulation approach is proposed with the consideration of emission trading schemes and renewable support schemes. To simulate the bidding strategy and for profit maximization, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used. As above problem is a multi-objective optimization problem, Where, in the first level each Genco submit the bid to the independent system operator and in the next level a optimization method is used for the determination of optimal bidding with the implementation of emission trading schemes and renewable support schemes. It is assumed that each generator should submit bid as a price taker’s in sealed auction based on pay-as-bid market clearing price mechanism. The practicability of proposed optimization method is checked by an IEEE-30 bus test system consists of six suppliers.

The need to have biodegradable composites is aloft in today’s market as they are environment friendly and are also easy to fabricate. In this study, mangifera indica leaf stalk fibres were used as reinforcement along with saw dust as bio-filler material. Unsaturated isophthalic polyester resin was used as the matrix. The fibres were treated with 6 % vol. NaOH and neutralized with 3 % vol. of dilute HCl. Treatment of sawdust fillers was done by using 2% vol. NaOH solution. Hand layup method and compression moulding technique was used to fabricate the composite laminates. Specimens for evaluating the mechanical properties were prepared by using water jet machining. The results indicated an increase in tensile, flexural and impact strength of composites with addition of sawdust upto 3%. Further addition of the bio-filler resulted in decrease of mechanical properties.

In this paper, we define a q-extension of the new generalized hypergeometric function given by Saxena et al. in [13], and have investigated the properties of the above new function such as q-differentiation and q-integral representation. The results presented are of general character and the results given earlier by Saxena and Kalla in [14], Virchenko, Kalla and Al-Zamel in [15], Al-Musallam and Kalla in [2, 3], Kobayashi in [7, 8], Saxena et al. in [13], Kumbhat et al. in [11] follow as special cases.

Intestinal obstruction is a frequently encountered entity in surgical practice. The signs and symptoms, many a times, are suggestive of the level of obstruction, making the diagnosis of obstruction evident. There are various causes of intestinal obstruction which diversify to an enormous extent, stamping on the famous paradigm for the mysterious nature of the abdomen being referred to as the Pandora's Box. In accordance with the above saying, we report a rare case of a desmoid tumour, presenting as intestinal obstruction, which entices us to strongly believe the same.

RESEARCH AND SCIENCE TODAY is a biannual science journal established in 2011. The journal is an informational platform that publishes assessment articles and the results of various scientific research carried out by academics. We provide the authors with the opportunity to create and/or perfect their science writing skills. Thus, each issue of the journal (two per year and at least two supplements) will contain professional articles from any academic field, authored by domestic and international academics. The goal of this journal is to pass on relevant information to undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate students as well as to fellow academics and researchers; the topics covered are unlimited, considering its multi-disciplinary profile. Regarding the national and international visibility of Research and Science Today, it is indexed in over 30 international databases (IDB) and is present in over 200 online libraries and catalogues; therefore, anybody can easily consult the articles featured in each issue by accessing the databases or simply the website.

Este artículo estudia la importancia de la aplicación didáctica del cine en el contexto de enseñanza-aprendizaje indio de ELE, haciendo hincapié especial en la falta del uso de éste en las aulas indias. Se exponen las ventajas que aborda el uso del cine como herramienta didáctica y una breve descripción de los pasos metodológicos para la planificación y la secuenciación de las actividades didácticas. A continuación, se analiza el porqué del uso del cine como instrumento didáctico en las aulas indias de ELE en base a las necesidades de aprendizaje sentidas y las preferencias de aprendizaje de los alumnos de español de las universidades indias

The effect of composition on recrystallisation of single crystal Ni-based superalloys was studied in a series of alloys that vary systematically in composition. Following room temperature macro-indentation and subsequent annealing, alloys containing higher Co concentration showed greater susceptibility to recrystallisation, and this has been attributed to the effect on the γ′ solvus temperature and the stacking fault energy of the γ phase. Mo, W and Ru did not appear to influence the recrystallisation behaviour systematically, although high concentration of all these elements led to the highest recrystallisation. Moreover, with grain orientation mapping, it was found that the nucleating recrystallisation grains form in orientations similar to the deformed regions, and subsequently twin to form higher angle boundaries and proliferate further within the deformed microstructure. The effects of the interaction between grain boundaries and secondary phases, such as the γ′ and topologically close packed phases, were also studied.

Production of gas turbines for jet propulsion and power generation requires the manufacture of turbine blades from single crystal nickel-based superalloys, most typically using investment casting. During the necessary subsequent solution heat treatment, the formation of recrystallised grains can occur. The introduction of grain boundaries into a single crystal component is potentially detrimental to performance, and therefore manufacturing processes and/or component geometries should be designed to prevent their occurrence. If the boundaries have very low strength, they can degrade the creep and fatigue properties. The root cause for recrystallisation is microscale plasticity caused by differential thermal contraction of metal, mould and core; when the plastic deformation is sufficiently large, recrystallisation takes place. In this work, numerical and thermo-mechanical modelling is carried out, with the aim of establishing computational methods by which recrystallisation during the heat treatment of single crystal nickel-based superalloys can be predicted and prevented prior to their occurrence. Elasto-plastic law is used to predict the plastic strain necessary for recrystallisation. The modelling result shows that recrystallisation is most likely to occur following 1.5–2.5% plastic strain applied at temperatures between 1000 ∘C and 1300 ∘C; this is validated with tensile tests at these elevated temperatures. This emphasises that high temperature deformation is more damaging than low temperature deformation.