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Structural parts’ integrity should remain as specified and designed, although it can change due to ageing and use by environmental action and accidental events. Structural parts design is carried out considering certain service conditions that can be different from operating conditions. These parts often experience dynamic solicitations that change in amplitude and frequency over time, which may cause the part’s failure. The part’s real condition can be assessed by Structural Health Monitoring systems, which grant significant social, economic, and environmental impact, as they can reduce maintenance costs and ensure the integrity of the part and its surroundings. This can be performed with an integrated monitoring system comprising sensors, on the surface or embedded, into the components. However, surface sensors are subject to damage, from collisions and/or environmental action, and embedding sensors can be very challenging and may result in a weakened part. A Self-Sensing Material (SSM) was developed based on piezoelectric particles embedded in metal parts by a solid-state processing technology. The material can act as a sensor and continuously monitor its condition. The SSM's generates an electrical voltage signal when subject to strain stimulus. Moreover, the solid-state processing technology employed promotes mechanical properties enhancement in the processed zone, not only by the grain size reduction but also due to the incorporation of the piezoelectric particles. The response to a set of dynamic loads was assessed and was found to be coherent with the solicitations applied.

The production of Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs) through Additive Manufacturing (AM) presents new defects, and the detection of these is crucial for proper functioning. Non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques such as terahertz (THz), air-coupled ultrasounds, and active thermography are fast, automatable, non-invasive, and noncontact inspection methods. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of NDT techniques for detecting defects in PMCs produced by AM. Six samples were produced using polylactic acid (PLA) as the base material and reinforced with continuous fibers of Kevlar, glass, and carbon. Two types of samples were created: one with a full-thickness reinforcement defect in a specific area and the other with a partial reinforcement defect, with a layer of fibers missing in the same area. The samples were then tested using three NDT techniques: THz, non-contact ultrasonic, and active thermography. The results showed that THz was only able to detect the defect in the carbon fiber sample with full-thickness reinforcement, ultrasonic testing was able to detect the defects in Kevlar and carbon fiber samples with missing three layers of fibers, and active thermography was the most reliable technique, detecting all samples with missing three layers of fibers as well as partial reinforcement defects.

Women have always played a significant role in herding in Hungary, although their tasks and recognition have changed substantially over time. Nowadays, the vital role of women is becoming increasingly visible and recognised in Hungary. In this paper, members of the Hungarian Women Herders group and three researchers reviewed the scattered ethnographic, autobiographical and other literature, and conducted interviews with five active and retired women herders as well as with the husbands of three of them, and documented the role of women from the beginning of the twentieth century to the present day. Women have long played a fundamental role in holding the family together, providing food, and raising children. As in the past, women herders take part in milk processing and raising the lambs, but several also herd and even shear. After the 1989 revolution, many herders started herding privately again, and some women who had not been born into farming families chose livestock grazing as a profession. More recently, women in herding families have increasingly been responsible for handling the paperwork required for livestock welfare accountability, marketing and other differentiated needs requiring patience and computer skills. In 2021 the “Hungarian Women Herders” group was established, which currently has over 60 members. The group was founded with the aim of self-help and knowledge sharing, but they also participate in festivals, events and international conferences, and they are in contact with the association of Spanish women herders. Pastoral animal husbandry has not become obsolete in the face of industrial food systems. As its knowledge-intensive practices make use of spatially and temporally variable vegetation, it is becoming recognized as a more ecological alternative. It is necessary to recognize women herders’ important contribution to building a more sustainable common future, as their activities and knowledge are integral to this type of livestock production system. Moving forward, women must be included in initiatives to support pastoralism—whether it is the collection of best practices for other farmers and the coming generations to learn from, or the development of locally-based innovations, rooted in tradition while looking to the future.

This paper sets forth to investigate biographical data in the Gheorghe Grigurcu written confessions. Considering elements of his most revealing interviews conducted by the writers such as Flori Bălănescu and Dora Pavel, the profile of a contemporary writer engaged in the negotiation of his own identity is outlined. The autobiographical references drawn from the writer’s confessions will help us understand his individuality and creative spirit. Gheorghe Grigurcu’s hypersensitive personality projects empathy towards the oppressed and the helpless. He feels an acute but repressed nostalgia for his homeland. The “Bessarabianness” was also revealed in his attitude towards the work of B.P. Hasdeu and Paul Goma. Disappointments resulting from friendship and love relationships amplify the feeling of inadaptability. The feeling of marginalisation is balanced by agape love, which creates the compensatory universe indispensable to the writer. Trained in the process of negotiating his own identity, Gheorghe Grigurcu finds that human harmony can all be easily disturbed by the temptation to compare himself with those around him, by the obsessive Other.

Gheorghe Grigurcu is known as a literary critic of poetry, while the position of poet was the writer’s first vocation. We identify the marginalization of the poet both geographically, being isolated in “Amarul Târg” (Târgu Jiu), and literary, by imposing some malicious restrictions: all this placing him under the badge of suspicion. Regarding the exegesis of Gheorghe Grigurcu, it is appropriate to selectively inventory some opinions belonging to contemporary literary critics or writers who have asserted themselves and capitalized on the status of a literary critic, but also a poet, as the writer Grigurcu himself wanted to be received. The dual nature of the writer, critic and poet, makes it impossible to analyze the two vocations separately, a fact that requires their twin research. Nonconformist, awkward, atypical, formidable polemicist, judicial spirit, corrosive is just some of the defining attributes that highlight the personality legitimized by the book universe. For the literary critic, poet, polemicist and author of aphorisms of the same name, to give up writing is to deny oneself

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar desde una perspectiva crítica un análisis de los derechos fundamentales de las mujeres mayores, vulnerados por las desapariciones forzadas cometidas en Colombia y México hacia sus familiares. En este artículo se argumentan cuáles han sido los derechos humanos vulnerados (el derecho a la vida y a la libertad) en las mujeres, víctimas directas e indirectas de los conflictos armados y desapariciones forzadas de Colombia y México, y que configuran un crimen de lesa humanidad. Se revisa la legislación y los tratados internacionales y se exponen datos actualizados de la magnitud de este problema. Se concluye que para la protección de los derechos fundamentales de las personas mayores en general y las mujeres en particular, es necesario articular mecanismos que defiendan y hagan cumplir los derechos en América Latina. The objective of this article is to present, from a critical perspective, an analysis of the fundamental rights of older women, violated by the forced disappearances committed in Colombia and Mexico against their relatives. This article argues which human rights have been violated (the right to life and freedom) in women, direct and indirect victims of armed conflicts and forced disappearances in Colombia and Mexico, and which constitute a crime against humanity. The legislation and international treaties are reviewed and updated data on the magnitude of this problem are presented. It is concluded that for the protection of the fundamental rights of the elderly in general and women in particular, it is necessary to articulate mechanisms to defend and enforce their rights in Latin America.

Przedmiotem opracowania jest analiza znaczenia zasad reasekuracyjnego prawa kontraktowego (PRICL) w rozstrzyganiu sporów reasekuracyjnych poddanych jurysdykcji polskich sądów państwowych oraz arbitrażowych. Prowadzone rozważania uwzględniają zarówno kwestię wyboru przez strony umowy reasekuracji zasad PRICL jako materialnoprawnej podstawy rozstrzygnięcia, jak i możliwość zastosowania przez sąd powszechny albo sąd polubowny tych zasad w przypadku tzw. negatywnego wyboru prawa lub uzupełniająco w ramach odesłań do „ustalonych zwyczajów” zawartych w przepisach prawa.

The article examines the question of the authorship and generic classification of La Seine et ses bords(1836). This work is commonly misattributed to Charles Nodier, but the most likely author is Alexandre Mure de Pélanne, who in 1835 published a similar essay on the Saône River. The comparison of both works shows a clear difference in their perspectives: La Saône et ses bords, with an emphasis on the his-torical context, meets the generic criteria of album pittoresque (picturesque album), whereas a focus on topography and hydrology of La Seine et ses bords brings it closer to the genre of mémoire géographique(geographical memoir). The scientific scope of La Seine et ses bords also distinguishes it from Nodier’s and Taylor’s Voyages pittoresques et romantiquesdans l’ancienne France, the most famous cycle of Ro-mantic journeys through France.

International studies have confirmed the central role played by families in defining migration routes and strategies. Adopting a family perspective to view the migration phenomenon means observing the different relationships between the various components along a multi-generational temporal and relational axis. Migration experiences from one generation to another are very different, and they often underline or exacerbate generational differences. A generational approach could therefore be the leitmotiv of innovative debates in the field of contemporary migration studies. Furthermore, introducing generation as a key variable may help to understand migration processes through a broader perspective in this time of multiple crises and transformations. This contribution, which is of a theoretical nature, aims to reflect on state-of-the-art research in the field. Reviewing the most recent literature, it aims to add to the available knowledge by observing how cultural complexity, intergenerational relationships and renegotiation practices within migrant families could be regarded as empirical evidence of ongoing social change.

This paper aims to map the first generation of women completing doctorates in Portugal and to understand better the complex process that led to the late and distinctive emergence of women in academic economics in that country. We concluded that this process reflected issues that are specific to the economics profession, but also broader trends in Portuguese higher education and even in Portuguese society at large. Our study also allowed to document trends in research topics and to map differences by gender and over time regarding fields of specialization.

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has rapidly gained ground in schools within the latest decades. Consequently, interest in analysing stakeholders’ perceptions and needs has increased. This article has a twofold aim: (1) to analyse pre-primary teachers’ CLIL knowledge, (2) to identify the expected benefits, challenges, and perceived needs that CLIL implementation in pre-primary may entail for themselves, and for their students. To do so, 129 pre-primary teachers (N=76 in-service, N=53 pre-service) responded an online survey. Answers were coded with Atlas.ti, visualisations were created with R. Results showed that most in-service teachers know what CLIL is, while pre-service teachers are rather unfamiliar with it. Teachers have positive expectations regarding the potential CLIL benefits for students and teachers. However, most do not feel ready to implement it in pre-primary, because of the lack of teacher training programmes (on methodology and FL), and the scarcity of resources (e.g., guidelines, materials, stakeholders’ support).

This article aims to check the hypothesis that contemporary writers should be prone to multiculturalism and multilingualism in the context of redefining Weltliteratur, as well as the liaisons between languages and cultures. To this end, the paper surveys several non-fictional works by Romanian literary critic Gheorghe Grigurcu, listing and explaining several terms in Latin, French, English, and German that the author weaves within the text.

Les récents travaux des historiens des sciences ont démontré que la conscience environnementale n’est pas le propre de notre « modernité réflexive ». Dès le XVe siècle, l’agir humain est envisagé comme facteur de changement dans diverses théories du climat qui oscillent entre l’optimisme et la peur de la catastrophe. Cette conscience climatique imprègne la littérature catastrophiste qui, dès le XIXe siècle, réfléchit sur les pouvoirs et les conséquences néfastes de la technoculture propre à la société industrielle. L’étude des œuvres de Jean-Baptiste Cousin de Grainville, d’Alfred Bonnardot et de Camille Flammarion permet d’observer comment la littérature à la fois s’empare des savoirs et détourne ceux qui portent sur l’économie de la nature et sur le climat, désamorçant les peurs et produisant un certain inconscient de la crise climatique.

The aim of this article is to show how autonomy for the transmission of know-how of experienced workers is characterized by taking into account the conditions of work organization and realization. The study took place in an industrial lithography company organized according to a lean model, and was based on 14 half-days of activity observation, 6 semi-structured interviews with the lithographers, and periods of data restitution with management (human resources team and production manager) and workers. The results reveal two main types of situation where transmission autonomy is either “prevented” or “conditional”. These types of situation are underpinned by a dilemma in the activity of experienced workers (between transmission and production) the outcome of which tends to favour production. By default, this choice is supported by management who ignore the requirements of the lithographers’ work and makes them responsible for the transmission.The study shows the issues underlying transmission autonomy and emphasises the need for management to think about transmission by considering the conditions in which autonomy can be exercised.

Cada vez son más numerosas las evidencias de la existencia de una instalación militar en la colina sobre la que posteriormente se fundó la ciudad romana de Emporiae. Se trata de un recinto fortificado, posterior a la presencia militar en la zona durante la época catoniana, cuyo inicio puede fecharse en torno a finales del primer cuarto o ya en los inicios del segundo cuarto del siglo II aC, cuando Empúries volvería a funcionar como puerto de llegada de tropas y de avituallamientos romanos. Esta instalación estuvo activa al menos durante medio siglo, probablemente en el contexto de las guerras celtibéricas (181-133 aC) y hasta finales del tercer cuarto del siglo II aC, momento en que dejó de usarse. La excavación de los niveles más profundos de la ínsula 30 ha aportado nuevos datos acerca de la identidad cultural ibérica de, al menos, una parte de los efectivos y, en menor medida, quizás también gala. Este hecho indica que la instalación pudo servir como lugar de reclutamiento de tropas auxiliares indígenas para reforzar las legiones romanas.

The article focuses on the need to implement housing integration practices for migrants in Italy. Through an overview of the literature on housing, with an insight at the Emilia-Romagna region, the aim was to identify opportunities and obstacles that arise for refugees and holders of international protection once they leave the reception and integration services. As part of the H2020 MERGING project we introduce a first phase of the qualitative research conducted and the methodology adopted for the selection of the case study investigated. The selected project presents itself as a potential model to be implemented to address the housing issue as a right to be protected but also as a starting point for the integration process.

O artigo apresenta elementos da construção dos currículos de referência para os cursos de ensino médio integrado à educação profissional do Instituto Federal de Educação de São Paulo como processo importante e crivado por disputas entre diferentes concepções de educação e de sociedade. Procuramos demonstrar, por meio de análise documental, manifestação da comunidade acadêmica e pesquisa bibliográfica, que a discussão sobre os currículos aconteceu em paralelo – e por vezes atravessada – pela reforma do ensino médio. O atual momento exige clareza sobre os efeitos deletérios que a reforma do Ensino médio representa para a classe trabalhadora, tornando necessário reafirmar a educação como direito social e a defesa do ensino médio integrado na perspectiva da emancipação humana.

(Series Information) European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2021 6(3), 1485-1503 | Article | (Table of Contents) I. Introduction. - II. The issue of delegation under the system of the Treaties. - III. Rule-shaping by EU agencies in the financial markets. - III.1 Participation in the executive rulemaking of the Commission. - III.2 Harmonisation through soft law. - IV. Legality and delegation after the financial crisis. - V. Administrative integration beyond the ESAs. | (Abstract) The financial crisis has set new challenges for European integration, including the revision of priorities, principles and mechanisms of micro-prudential supervision of financial markets. Amongst the significant institutional reforms, the intensification of controls on financial markets has been pursued through the establishment of the European Supervisory Authorities in the financial markets (ESAs). This Article aims to analyse the role that these Authorities have been playing in shaping the EU legal order after the financial crisis. As a result of the EMU-related regulation aimed at enhancing EU financial stability after the crisis, the ESAs institutionalise administrative cooperation in micro-prudential supervision. The combination of agencification and crisis management is not new to the development of European integration nor specific to the case of financial markets. Nevertheless, the ESAs represent a peculiar regulatory experience, which share many characteristics of EU agencies, yet move towards an embryonic model of independent regulators. Compared to other EU agencies, in fact, they enjoy wider powers and a much more autonomous status from the Commission. They have acquired highly relevant competences that enhance their role in the internal market regulation. In addition, the CJEU engaged in a partial revision of the interpretative boundaries of the Meroni doctrine concerning the non-delegation of regulatory powers on agencies, allowing the ESAs to exercise some substantive regulatory prerogatives. This Article investigates how these competences affect the EU model of legality, showing to what extent the delegation of powers has changed as a result of the crisis.

En un contexto de desinformación, el periodismo de datos puede devolver a la profesión capacidad de intermediación en el espacio público. Este trabajo persigue delimitar las competencias profesionales y la formación requerida para que los futuros periodistas puedan ejercer esta especialización. Partimos de una investigación previa sobre la oferta académica oficial en periodismo en España, que constata la escasez de asignaturas relacionadas. Un nuevo análisis del RUCT revela pequeños avances, especialmente en los estudios de postgrado, y en lo referido a la visualización. Obtenido este resultado, recabamos a través de un focus group la visión de un conjunto representativo de profesionales. Distinguen entre las competencias más demandadas las relativas a acceso y descarga de datos, así como a su presentación, destacando los conocimientos en estadística y programación. Abogan por un perfil híbrido, que combine el saber humanístico con el manejo de la tecnología, acorde con las lógicas de producción digital.

This study focuses on the characteristic features of the emblems, the emblematic procedure, and the main functions, goals, and significance of the emblem books in the context of Jesuit spirituality and practice. It points out some prominent authors of Jesuit emblem books with a major influence on the development of this form of art in literature and art. It focuses on the heart emblem as a symbol of heart purification and on the artistic manifestations of “religio cordis” (the religious cult of the heart). It introduces one of the most popular books with heart emblems published on the territory of present-day Slovakia in the first half of the seventeenth century, the so-called “heart booklet” of Mátyás Hajnal, a typical sample of Jesuit emblematics devoted to the promotion of Catholic reforms at the time of the Counter-Reformation.

La reflexión en torno al enigma de la feminidad, entendido como la idea cultural e histórica de lo que supone ser mujer, es una de las cuestiones centrales en la obra de Patricia Esteban Erlés. Dicha noción se canaliza en su narrativa a través de núcleos temáticos como la representación de la corporeidad, el posicionamiento social o el rechazo de ciertos discursos normativos. Partiendo de la estructura simbólica de Casa de muñecas, cuyos microrrelatos ofrecen un compendio de distintos paradigmas de mujer, la intención de este trabajo es analizar la construcción de la subjetividad femenina en los textos breves e hiperbreves de la autora. Para ello se considerarán aspectos como las alusiones culturales, la intertextualidad, la estética, el subtexto ideológico, el lenguaje o los motivos recurrentes que contribuyen a visualizar las distintas alegorías de lo femenino.

La vulnerabilità costituisce un fenomeno complesso, dal momento che presenta dimensioni di tipo sociale e materiale che investono contemporaneamente molteplici sfere della vita quotidiana delle persone sul piano individuale, su quello familiare e in rapporto alle appartenenze di gruppo. A ciò vanno aggiunti gli aspetti che riguardano il perseguimento del benessere, il senso di identità e l’appartenenza sociale (Ranci, 2002a). Di conseguenza, i territori che presentano un elevato potenziale di vulnerabilità richiedono di essere destinatari di un'attenzione particolare rispetto allo studio e alla programmazione di interventi pubblici rivolti al contrasto delle situazioni di rischio (ISTAT, 2020b). Tra i diversi gruppi sociali, gli immigrati si distinguono dalle consuete fasce della popolazione autoctona esposte a condizioni di fragilità materiale e sociale per il fatto di essere ancora più vulnerabili per alcune loro caratteristiche intrinseche (Reyneri, 2007). Obiettivo del presente contributo è l’approfondimento del fenomeno della vulnerabilità in riferimento a un particolare contesto di studio, l’Hotel House di Porto Recanati. I dati raccolti nel quadro di due Progetti FAMI (2019-2021) all’interno di questo sistema condominiale, a forte presenza di residenti di origine straniera, sono analizzati considerando alcune importanti dimensioni della vulnerabilità individuate dall’IVMS (ISTAT, 2020b): questione abitativa, strutture familiari e reddito. Per quanto la mancanza/scarsità di reddito rappresenti, senza dubbio, un importante indicatore di vulnerabilità, esso non è certamente l’unico riferimento da tenere in considerazione. Infatti, le tendenze rilevate e discusse confermano come sia importante monitorare ulteriori variabili, con l’obiettivo di tenere sotto controllo potenziali situazioni di vulnerabilità o, meglio ancora, di strutturare misure di politiche pubbliche per fronteggiare in modo integrato le situazioni di rischio. Le evidenze mostrano, in modo particolare, come in una popolazione di origine straniera, tendenzialmente stanziale, la qualità dell’abitare, le strutture familiari, il reddito inteso come inserimento stabile nel mercato del lavoro e l’istruzione siano non solo indicatori indispensabili per comprendere potenziali fattori di esclusione sociale, ma costituiscano anche dimensioni strettamente interconnesse e interdipendenti.

The authors present the characteristics of Jesuit libraries in the Kingdom of Hungary in terms of their content, with special focus on works by the most influential Jesuit authors, which were among the most numerous ones in Hungarian Jesuit libraries. The authors also draw attention to the most popular titles published by the Hungarian Jesuits in the 17th century, which can be considered bestsellers of Baroque Catholic literature not only in the Kingdom of Hungary, but also abroad. Many of them also found their readers in Poland and were translated into Polish. Furthermore, the authors point to the interconnection between Hungarian and Polish Jesuit book culture and the Jesuit Polonica in Hungarian Jesuit libraries and typographies of the 17th-18th century. The Hungarian book culture does not mean the book culture of contemporary Hungary, but of Kingdom of Hungary. This paper focus on the Jesuits from the Slovak territory, which was a part of Kingdom of Hungary for 800 years (from 11th century to 1918). The essential research sources are the international educational program Ratio Atque Institutio Studiorum Societatis Jesu and catalogues of Hungarian Jesuit libraries, located in Slovakia, from the years 1632–1782.

Rotifers and tardigrades, microscopic animals discovered in the 18th century, have exceptional abilities to survive in hostile conditions. Exposing them to desiccation, extreme temperatures, and vacuum, scientists wanted to determine whether these animals die and revive, or whether they preserve a trace of life in these lethal conditions. The question of boundaries of life had been the subject of scientific controversy throughout the 19th century, an example of which was the debate between L. Doyère and F.-A. Pouchet in the late 1850s. Its echoes can be found in E. About’s science-fiction novel L’Homme à l’oreille cassée (1861), in which tardigrades’ ability to revive is extrapolated to humans.

Between 1884 and 1887, Antoni Gaudí built two rather modest constructions for his patron, Eusebi Güell: a stable for the horses and a porterhouse for his country house in Les Corts. In these constructions, he makes an important step in relation to his previous works, El Capricho (Comillas, Santander) and the Casa Vicenç (Barcelona). The tiles used in both, featuring lines of color that contrast with the brick and stone, derive from an original system of using ceramic, the trencadís. He takes as a reference point the Arabic or Mudejar building system to embed ceramic pieces in the walls and in the coronation railings of the buildings, but adds a brilliant contribution by converting it into “broken” ceramics. We call this ornamental resource trencadís, since trencar means broken in Catalan. This technique is one of Gaudí’s more significant decorative choices with brilliant examples of this being the façade of Casa Batlló and the dragon and banc-balustrade in Park Güell.

In view of the difficulties encountered by certain European attempts to guarantee the quality of the public service of justice in the different European States, the question of the language in which law is expressed naturally arises. This contribution is part of the jurilinguistic studies and aims to demonstrate the linguistic peculiarities of the judgments of the French Cour de Cassation [Court of Cassation] andthe Romanian Înalta Curte de Casaţie şi Justiţie [High Court of Cassation and Justice]. As a first step, particular attention should be paid to the form of the judgments which leads to the more general reflec-tion: would harmonization of the drafting techniques of legal texts have the virtue of removing the obstacles preventing legal communication within of the European Union? In a second step, it will be a question of showing the main linguistic characteristics of the judgments made. The studied corpus contains judgments from the Cour de Cassation and the Înalta Curte de Casaţie şi Justiţie.

Este trabajo describe un diseño de intervención e investigación en un aula de 3. º de Educación Infantil, dirigido a estimular el pensamiento crítico en torno a los roles de género. El diseño incluye un cuestionario previo para conocer las creencias iniciales de los participantes y varias sesiones de lectura y conversación literaria. Las obras seleccionadas representan distintas posiciones ideológicas y tratamientos literarios de los personajes masculinos y femeninos, y abarcan un lapso temporal muy amplio, con la finalidad de promover la comparación y la reflexión desde una perspectiva social evolutiva. Los resultados muestran que los niños y niñas de Educación Infantil ya tienen unas ideas de género estereotipadas. Sin embargo, la discusión y el análisis guiado de las obras literarias les han llevado a cuestionar sus estereotipos, lo que confirma el valor de la literatura infantil en la construcción de la identidad individual y social, la percepción crítica de la realidad y el desarrollo de esquemas éticos reflexivos desde la primera infancia, siempre que se estimule una recepción lectora crítica. Palabras clave: literatura infantil y roles de género, literatura y construcción de la identidad, respuestas lectoras, conversación literaria, literatura en Educación Infantil

Based on Judith Butler’s theories on the body (Bodies That Matter), this paper reflects on how some beings are relegated to the external margins of the community and reduced to an anonymous mass, which is often more related to animality than to humanity. From an ecofeminist and posthuman perspective (especially as developed by Cary Wolfe and Donna Haraway), it also examines the possibility of a reformulation of the human community beyond the «family», through new «modes of intimate alliance», Butler’s definition of «kinship».

Objetivo. Analizar la percepción acerca de la adopción por parejas del mismo sexo en el sector LGBTI de Sincelejo, Colombia. Metodología. La investigación se orientó bajo un enfoque cualitativo con un método fenomenológico y los datos se recogieron mediante el uso de la entrevista semiestructurada y el grupo focal. Resultados. El análisis apunta a que no todas las personas del sector LGBTI están de acuerdo con la adopción ya sea por su estilo de vida o por el deseo de no tener hijos. Conclusión. Las personas pertenecientes al sector LGBTI han sufrido discriminación por su orientación sexual, lo que ha sido un obstáculo para garantizar sus derechos. Es una realidad que existen diversos tipos de familias, pero aun para establecer una familia homoparental por adopción es necesario tener el apoyo del Estado, preparar a la sociedad y equiparar a estas personas en cuanto a formación parental.

En la coordenada temporal de las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI y centrándonos en el microrrelato fantástico, el presente estudio tiene como objeto explorar la interacción creadora que microrrelato e imagen establecen en el contexto de lo insólito. Para ello, y tomando como referencia metodológica la noción de intermedialidad, analizaremos cuatro combinaciones mediales en las que texto e imagen se determinan recíprocamente: Cuentos malvados, de Espido Freire (2010), Cuentos del libro de la noche, de José María Merino (2005), Formulaciones tautológicas, de Felipe Benítez Reyes (2010) y Casa de muñecas (2012), de Patricia Esteban Erlés. Asimismo, consideraremos Ajuar funerario. El comic: Difuntos, infantes y monstruos (2018), de Imanol Ortiz y Beñat Olea para ilustrar los mecanismos de la transposición medial.

Los mercados locales de las ciudades se encuentran cada vez más amenazados por los nuevos tipos de comercio y establecimientos de venta. Además, también las tendencias de consumo han evolucionado, por lo que estos mercados deben ser capaces de adaptarse para sobrevivir. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es esclarecer el grado de influencia del auge del turismo como causa de la pérdida de público local en el Mercado de La Boquería, además de explorar las posibles mejoras para recuperar la clientela local. En la investigación se han utilizado metodologías de tipo cuantitativo (a partir de encuestas) y cualitativo (entrevistas a expertos y grupos de interés, herramienta UsabilityHub). Se concluye que el turismo es un factor determinante para la actual Boquería y habrá que tenerlo en cuenta para adaptarse a los nuevos tiempos y escenarios, sin dejar de seguir ofreciendo la mejor calidad, que siempre ha caracterizado el mercado.

Dans cette contribution, nous voulons proposer une analyse exploratoire qui permettra de découvrir des mécanismes référentiels relevés dans les arrêts de la Cour de Cassation. Plus exactement, nous nous proposons ici d’étudier comment la Haute juridiction de l’ordre judiciaire français dispose le texte, manie l’anaphore et opère des désignations et des référenciations, dans le but de faciliter la compréhension du texte, d’éviter toute ambiguïté (source possible de flagrantes erreurs d’interprétation), et de rendre le discours clair, cohérent et concis. L’analyse des formes anaphoriques démonstratives spécialisées dans le contrôle des risques d’ambiguïté (Charolles : 1995), telles que ledit, susdit, celui-ci, ce dernier... etc. et des pronoms relatifs (lequel), nous permettra de montrer la gestion des risques d’ambiguïté référentielle dans les arrêts. This contribution has taken up the results of an analysis centered on a particular type of legal discourse, a type that tradition raises as a paragon of clarity and precision, and which is expressed in the judgments of the French Court of Cassation. Our objective was to describe the specificity of referential processes and referential interpretation treatment in the texts of the judgments, putting into play the particular context of enunciation and legal knowledge. The analysis of the demonstrative anaphoric forms specialized in the control of the risks of ambiguity (Charolles: 1995), such as ledit, susdit, celui-ci, ce dernier, etc., used to identify the "true" referent among several potential candidates, allowed us to show how the Court controls and manages the potential risks of referential confusion.

A utilização da experiência clínica simulada é importante como estratégia de aproximação à prática profissional. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a satisfação dos estudantes de licenciatura em Enfermagem com as experiências clínicas simuladas. Realizou-se estudo de abordagem metodológica mista. Participaram 179 estudantes do primeiro ano do Curso de Licenciatura em Enfermagem. Na recolha de dados utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Satisfação com as Experiências Clínicas Simuladas e duas questões abertas sobre a importância da prática simulada no processo ensino e aprendizagem dos estudantes de Enfermagem. Da análise qualitativa emergiram quatro categorias: aproximação à prática clínica; facilitador da vida profissional; desenvolve as dimensões do cuidado em enfermagem; processo de ensino e aprendizagem dinâmico e crítico reflexivo. No global, os estudantes estão muito satisfeitos com as experiências clínicas simuladas, sendo a dimensão da satisfação cognitiva a que apresenta um valor médio mais elevado (88,23%). A relação entre a satisfação global com a experiência clínica simulada e a existência de experiência clínica simulada prévia evidenciou uma diferença estatisticamente significativa (U=3008,5; p= 0,037), sendo que os estudantes que não tinham experiência simulada prévia apresentaram uma ordenação média superior. Os estudantes que intervieram diretamente no cenário apresentaram maior satisfação global com a experiência clínica simulada do que os que não intervieram no cenário. Não existem diferenças estatísticas significativas entre a participação no debriefing e a satisfação global. A prática clínica simulada promove o desenvolvimento de aprendizagens significativas nos estudantes num ambiente realista e isento de riscos.

Se trata de una reseña de Crespo Miguel, Mario (2020): Automatic corpus-based translation of a Spanish FrameNet medical glossary.

The Place of Catchwords and Slogans in Political Communication The paper discusses the function of catchwords and slogans, as well as the role that these forms play in political communication. Not only are they short and catchy sayings, but they also carry important meanings – from the point of view of both the government and the society. Political slogans and catchwords are a significant part of political campaigns, politicians’ presentations and election programs, as well as social movements and protests. As multimodal carries, they can be examined with the use of systemic functional linguistics methods. The analysis and conclusions are based on the collection of more than 3100 items: political catchwords from Polish political discourse, excerpted from written (ephemera, press) and oral texts (protests, demonstrations, live presentations) published in 1918–2018. The collection is the part of the project which aims at publishing A Dictionary of Political Catchwords.

Over the centuries, the typographic medium and book printing responded to the political, economic, cultural, and social conditions very sensitively. The author deals with social influences on the development of book printing in Bratislava from the fifteenth century when the first printer is documented in the town. She ponders the reasons for the long absence of typographic activities in Bratislava from the late fifteenth century to the early seventeenth century. Paradoxically, the Reformation gave an impetus to the further development of book printing in Bratislava, as a Catholic printing house was established there in direct response to Reformation printing in Hungary. Therefore, the author also examines the conditions of Reformation printing to which the beginnings of publishing activities are tied in the territory of Slovakia. In the second part of the study, she focuses on Catholic Revival literature published in Bratislava in the seventeenth century, which played an important role in implementing Catholic reforms in Hungary.

Este artículo razona cómo las esculturas yacentes ad similitudinem de las tumbas episcopales de los siglos XIII y XIV, además de excitar el recuerdo del difunto, visualizaban la condición perceptible que ofrecerían los prelados tras ser elegidos en el Juicio, alcanzar el Cielo y gozar de la visión beatífica. La polémica especulación de que el alma pudiera ver a Dios antes de la reintegración con su cuerpo no fue ajena a la sede de Tarragona en 1330-1350. Las sepulturas monumentales de los arzobispos Juan de Aragón y Arnau Sescomes, implicados en esa deliberación teológica, remiten al pasado tanto como al futuro, multidireccional y simultáneamente.

Lifelong learning has become an emerging phenomenon that influences a large part of European education policies. This European project deals how the adult education promotes the employment and the social inclusion, especially for people in their multiple situations of vulnerability. This work is developed under the leadership of the University of Oviedo and it analyzes the action of several adult schools in Spain and Italy. The project brings together synergies internationally in order to improve the work of teachers of these schools, since this is where is located one of the main public access routes to the normalization of these people in society. Our main objective is to show these methodologies and the characteristics of these systems. We use a descriptive methodology from the perspective of the teacher training. The analysis of these centers was carried out through a questionnaire to quantify each component and the educational variables of these schools. The analysis highlights their characteristics, and the results detect their tasks, their methodologies, and a large unknown action. In essence, the activity focuses on offering, those over eighteen years old, the possibility of acquiring and developing skills aimed at facilitating employment and their active participation in social dynamics. The breadth and variety of its teachings makes these centers a representation of the diversity in our society. The project discovers how are the teachers, their academic profile, and the challenges to provide each student with the answer to his/her needs, with the aim of developing their capabilities to the fullest.

Cultural routes, defined as routes of historical importance that geographically represent the shared and living cultural heritage of different countries, have recently gained attention both as tourist destinations and as social repositories of collective local memories. In this paper we argue that the recent development of digital humanities can open interesting new perspectives for the empirical exploration of these routes as cultural objects. Indeed, the availability of new digital traces generated by human activities and social media combined with tools that facilitate the exploration of such traces allow researchers to create new types of fieldwork online. In this paper, we present a case study focused on the Via Francigena cultural route. We added a geographical component to a graph analysis tool called histograph, making it possible to explore and analyse a corpus of more than 8,000 Instagram pictures. We investigate the potential of the prototype to uncover socio-spatial relations related to the itinerary and to hypothesise about the collective memories that the route conveys in this corpus.

El presente trabajo forma parte de un estudio más amplio (tesis doctoral) que analiza los procesos simbólicos de construcción de la identidad de los jóvenes aragoneses vinculados al mundo del rap y, por otra parte, pretende observar la potencialidad que pueda tener la música rap dentro del ámbito educativo de la educación secundaria. Se ha utilizado una metodología cualitativa de corte etnográfico, que incluye entrevistas a diferentes raperos aragoneses y cuestionarios a alumnado de 4º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Los resultados obtenidos indican que esta música tiene una gran importancia en la construcción identitaria de los jóvenes aficionados a ella, sin que se aprecien diferencias entre chicos y chicas, y ello tanto como subcultura juvenil que aporta unas señas de identidad grupales como por los mensajes que este tipo de poesía declamada vehicula. Además, se observa que el fenómeno de la globalización no está reñido con la recepción crítica de productos e ideas o con la fusión con elementos culturales locales. En este sentido, algunos participantes admiten que, aunque la cultura hip hop no es machista, el rap que se hace en España tiene todavía tintes machistas, a pesar de la presencia cada vez mayor de mujeres.

Avant-propos

La relevancia comunicativa y social de las redes sociales es incontestable, más aún en circunstancias como las provocadas por la covid-19. Nos centramos en dos cuestiones de gran relevancia en redes en este periodo: la viralidad y la agresividad comunicativa en Twitter y en España, tomando como muestra el hashtag #niñosenlacalle. Los resultados de los análisis realizados con herramientas computacionales y de corpus revelan una red bastante compacta en torno a tres tuits extremadamente viralizados. Los análisis de palabras clave muestran la intención descalificadora y la agresividad de las publicaciones, con palabras extremadamente ofensivas entre las más relevantes del hashtag.

The article indicates the disappearance of Christianity in Europe. The article refers to Christian hope as an inspiration and motivation to undertake evangelization activities. The article contains references to popes who see help for secularized Europe in Latin America and the people of this continent. The text emphasizes the importance of culture in experiencing religion and building relationships with God. It signals that re-evangelization is needed in modern Europe, which will lead to the rebuilding of Christian identity. The text also emphasizes that Christianity is a religion for everyone, and Christian teaching should be uniform.

W artykule analizie poddana zostaje rytualna forma śmierci samobójczej w kulturze japońskiej. Autorka stara się wykazać, jakie warunki w podłożu kulturowym Japonii sprzyjały wykształceniu się obyczaju seppuku, badając je pod kątem historycznym, antropologicznym, psychologiczno-socjologicznym i etyczno-religijnym. Wnioskuje, że seppuku było specyficznym obyczajem japońskim, w którym estetyka i forma odgrywały ważną rolę, ale za którym nie stała żadna spójna koncepcja metafizyczna ani etyczna śmierci.