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Background: Many people can be exposed to sexual violence, but few studies have explored the experiences of men who have sex with men (MSM). This study examines sexual violence among those MSM who use dating apps in Canada. Analysis: A thematic analysis of interviews with 25 MSM reveals common types of sexual violence, and sheds light on how MSM use affordances to deal with or reduce technology-facilitated incidents of sexual violence. Conclusion and implications: Men who have sex with men endure and perpetuate online and face-to-face sexual violence, and technology can exacerbate or diminish this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. In Benin, there are no data on MSM. The purpose of this study was to estimate HBV and HCV prevalence and HBV-associated factors in MSM who were HIV negative. Methods: we conducted an analytical cross-sectional study. A two-degree random sampling was used to recruit 204 MSM. An immunochromatographic rapid test and enzyme immunoassays were used to detect HBV and HCV antigens/antibodies. Log-binomial regression was used to identify factors associated with HBV. Results: HbsAg positivity, history of hepatitis B infection and hepatitis C prevalences were 37.7%, 8.8 %, and 0.9 %, respectively. HBsAg positivity and history of hepatitis B were more prevalent in MSM aged ≥30 years compared to younger subjects: 16.7% versus 6.4% (p<0.0001) and 66.7% versus 28.8% (p<0.0001), respectively. Sexual intercourse under the effect of drug or alcohol and living in couple were also associated with HBV. conclusion: the prevalence of hepatitis C was low, but hepatitis B was common, especially among older MSM. Screening and vaccination against hepatitis B should be strengthened in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a global public health concern and sub-Saharan Africa, has limited data on STIs in the men who have sex with men (MSM) population. Syndromic management has controversies for treating asymptomatic STIs (ASTIs). Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the risk factors for STIs among MSM. Setting: This study was conducted in Tshwane North, Gauteng Province in South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed using structured questionnaires, rapid plasma reagent test, from December 2021 to May 2022. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 200 MSM with the mean age of 27.6, standard deviations: 6.8 participated, and STIs prevalence was 66%, with 37% concurrent infections. Ureaplasma urealyticum was (24%), Mycoplasma hominis (23%), Chlamydia trachomatis (20%), Treponema pallidum (20%) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (9%). The risk factors for acquisition of STI include having a new partner in the last month (OR = 1.68; CI: 0.98–3.13). Conclusion: The prevalence of ASTIs is high. Serial and multiple sexual partners are the risk factors. Contribution: This study contributes to the body of knowledge of the burden of STIs among high-risk population.

Résumé: Les TROD VIH ont montré leur intérêt dans la recherche de cette pathologie parmi les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec les hommes (HSH). Ce test est disponible gratuitement grâce au soutien de certaines associations comme AIDES. Une étude menée entre 2014 et 2015 montrait que 0,1 % des patients qui acceptaient d'effectuer le test étaient positifs, la majorité de ces résultats positifs étant retrouvés chez les HSH (plus de 90 %). De plus, les résultats montraient que la grande majorité des patients qui acceptaient de réaliser le TROD n'avaient jamais fait de test VIH dans le passé, malgré le nombre important de facteurs de risques pour contracter cette pathologie. La démarche nécessite d'être encouragée du fait que les HSH sont enclins à ne plus recourir aux préservatifs depuis l'introduction d'un nouveau traitement prophylactique qui évite la transmission du VIH. Quick tests for HIV have been shown to be useful in detecting the disease amongst men who have sex with men (MSM). This test is available free of charge with the support of specific associations like AIDES. A study done in 2014-2015 showed that 0,1% of patients who agreed to take the test were found to be positive for HIV; of which the majority of positive results were found in MSM (more than 90%). Moreover, the results showed that the majority of people who agreed to undergo this quick test had never had an HIV test done in the past, despite having numerous risk factors for contracting the disease. However, the process needs to be encouraged given MSM are prone to not using condoms since the introduction of a new prophylactic treatment that prevents the transmission of HIV [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. In Benin, there are no data on MSM. The purpose of this study was to estimate HBV and HCV prevalence and HBV-associated factors in MSM who were HIV negative., Methods: we conducted an analytical cross-sectional study. A two-degree random sampling was used to recruit 204 MSM. An immunochromatographic rapid test and enzyme immunoassays were used to detect HBV and HCV antigens/antibodies. Log-binomial regression was used to identify factors associated with HBV., Results: HbsAg positivity, history of hepatitis B infection and hepatitis C prevalences were 37.7%, 8.8 %, and 0.9 %, respectively. HBsAg positivity and history of hepatitis B were more prevalent in MSM aged ≥30 years compared to younger subjects: 16.7% versus 6.4% (p<0.0001) and 66.7% versus 28.8% (p<0.0001), respectively. Sexual intercourse under the effect of drug or alcohol and living in couple were also associated with HBV., Conclusion: the prevalence of hepatitis C was low, but hepatitis B was common, especially among older MSM. Screening and vaccination against hepatitis B should be strengthened in this population., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d´intérêts., (Copyright: Luc Béhanzin et al.)

Résumé: Certaines pratiques sexuelles telles que le chemsex (usage de substances psychoactives pour booster ses performances et sensations sexuelles) ou les plans slam (mêmes objectifs que le chemsex mais en utilisant des substances injectées en intraveineuse), notamment dans la population des hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec des hommes (HSH), favorisent les infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST). La transmission sexuelle de l'hépatite B se fait principalement par les fluides sexuels (sperme, sécrétions vaginales) et la salive tandis que l'hépatite C se transmet principalement lors de pratiques sexuelles traumatiques entraînant une effraction muqueuse. Le virus de l'hépatite A étant excrété dans les selles, se transmet via des pratiques oro-anales. L'épidémie européenne d'hépatite A de 2016-2017 a touché les HSH présentant des facteurs de risque tels que des partenaires sexuels anonymes multiples, des relations sexuelles en groupe, et des pratiques oro- et digito-anales. D'autres virus transmis par contact sexuel ou via la salive (cytomégalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus ou Herpes Simplex Virus) peuvent occasionner des hépatites plus souvent symptomatiques chez des patients fragiles (femmes enceintes ou immunodéprimés). Les modes de détection de ces infections s'appuient sur des tests biologiques indirects (sérologie) et directs (détection du génome et de l'antigène). Les hépatites A et B aiguës sont à déclaration obligatoire. Des moyens de prévention existent en fonction du type de transmission. La vaccination contre l'hépatite A est recommandée pour les HSH ou les individus ayant des pratiques oro-anales. L'usage du préservatif, de seringues et de pailles à usage unique lors des plans chemsex et slam sont des mesures préventives générales des IST. Enfin, la PrEP ou prophylaxie préexposition est un moyen de prévention de la transmission du VIH, voire du VHB et partiellement de l' Herpes virus. High risk sexual practices among men who have sex with men (MSM) are important route of sexually transmitted infections (STI). Transmission of hepatitis B is mainly through sexual fluids (sperm and vaginal secretions) and saliva, while hepatitis C is mainly transmitted through violent sexual practices leading to mucosal break-in. The hepatitis A virus, being excreted in the stool, is transmitted via oro-anal practices. The 2016-2017 European epidemic of hepatitis A has affected MSM with risk factors such as anonymous sexual partners, group sex, and oral and digito-anal practices. Other viruses transmitted by sexual contact or via saliva (Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus or Herpes Simplex Virus) can cause hepatitis, most often in fragile patients (pregnant women or immunosuppressed patients). The detection methods are based on indirect (serological) and direct (genome and antigen detection) biological tests. Acute Hepatitis A and B must be notified. Prevention depends on the type of transmission. Vaccination against hepatitis A is recommended for MSM or those with oro-anal practices. The use of single-use condoms, syringes, and straws in the chemsex and slam are general preventative measures. Finally, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a means of preventing HIV transmission and eventually HBV and Herpes virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The involvement of certain human papillomaviruses (HPV) is well known in the genesis of cervical cancer, but also in other cancers of women and those affecting also men. The question of the relevance of a generalized or targeted vaccination of men against HPV has been discussed. The High Council for Public Health (HCSP) recently published an opinion on targeted vaccine recommendations for men, including men who have sex with men (MSM). However, a generalized HPV vaccination established before adolescence could protect individuals of both sexes before they began their sexuality. The strategy of vaccinating only MSM is faced with the problem of the feasibility of vaccinating before the manifestation of sexual preference and therefore of exposure to risk. It is coherent in terms of equality and responsibility to involve both sexes in this prevention of a sexually transmitted infection. It is also necessary to take into account the expected improvement in the implementation of vaccination due to mixed programs and the impact on the very common benign cancers and benign tumors associated with HPV affecting both sexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé En France, les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec des hommes (HSH) étaient « ajournés de façon permanente » du don du sang. Cette mesure résultait du fait que selon des données de recherche scientifiques, les HSH ont un risque plus élevé d’être infecté notamment par le virus de l’immunodeficience humaine. Cet « ajournement permanent » fait l’objet de nombreux débats en tant que critère de discrimination. L’éthique peut-elle constituer une base à la ré interrogation des conditions d’accès des HSH au don du sang ? Il semble qu’en effet, l’éthique peut et doit de fait être reconvoquée dans les réflexions. Les critères de sélection des donneurs doivent être régulièrement réexaminés en fonction des risques émergents. L’exclusion doit être aménagée, questionnée à nouveau, en n’oubliant pas la réalité et en n’enfermant pas la transfusion sanguine dans une dynamique sécuritaire inadaptée à la réalité du risque. Aussi, il apparaît capital de garder à l’esprit le cadre du débat, qui dépasse largement celui du don du sang pour concerner davantage celui d’une recherche légitime d’égalité et de justice au sein d’une société. Le débat doit tenir compte de ces éléments de réalité, sans pour autant s’en laisser fasciner au risque de fournir une réponse non ajustée à la problématique initiale. L’éthique nous semble convoquée dans ces débats, car elle indique des axes de réflexion ou des voies de problématisation. Loin de fermer, de clore le débat, elle ouvre celui-ci vers de nouveaux aspects et participe de l’avancée des idées, constituant donc un acteur principal. In France, men who have sex with men (MSM) were “permanently deferred” of blood donation. This measure reflected the fact that according to scientific research data, MSM have a higher risk to be infected notably by the human immunodeficiency virus. This “permanent postponement” was the subject of much debate as discrimination criterion. Can ethics be the basis for the reexamination of conditions of access of MSM to blood donation? It seems that ethics can and should in fact be reconvened in the reflections. The donor selection criteria should be regularly reviewed in the light of emerging risks. The exclusion must be reexamined, questioned again, remembering the reality and not enclosing blood transfusion in a secure dynamic unsuited to the reality of the risk. Also, it appears capital to keep the debate in mind, far exceeding that of blood donation to involve more that a legitimate search for equality and justice in a society. The debate must take account of these elements of reality, without leave to fascinate at the risk of providing an unadjusted answer to the original problem. Ethics seems to invite us in these discussions as they show the axes of reflection or problematization channels. Far from closing the debate, it opens the latter to new areas and participates in the advance of ideas, thus constituting a main actor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: As far back as 1983, in many countries, men who have sex with men were permanently excluded from blood donation because of their high risk of HIV infection. Since the implementation of HIV screening of blood donations in 1985, there has been a remarkable improvement in the viral safety of the blood supply due to improvements in donor selection and continuous progress in screening assays, including nucleic acid amplification testing. Despite, these improvements and the strong pressure of certain associations of the civil society, only few countries reduced the deferral duration for men who have sex with men. Studies that have assessed the impact of a modification of the permanent deferral measure on the HIV residual risk showed that a reduction in the deferral duration generates an additional risk. Even if this risk is tiny, is it acceptable to expose the blood product recipients to an additional risk? Nevertheless, these studies do not take into account an important parameter that is the probable better compliance of men who have sex with men with a temporary exclusion. The most recent studies agree to conclude that an alternative to the permanent exclusion of all men who have sex with men could consist in authorizing the donation from 12-month abstinent men who have sex with men, as some countries did already. This measure would allow covering widely the window period for the men having recently taken risks or for those whose partners would have taken risks, under the essential condition of an improvement of the donor compliance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Introduction: Syphilis mainly affects men who have sex with men (MSM) between the ages of 20 and 49. Herein we report a case in a teenager illustrating extension of the epidemic to other populations., Patients and Methods: A 15-year-old boy consulted in May 2018 for an anal fissure and painful oral erosions. He reported having had unprotected anal sex with another male teenager of the same age three months earlier. Syphilis serology was positive, with a positive treponemal test (TT) and non-treponemal test (VDRL) at 1/128. A treponemal bacterial DNA PCR assay was also positive for swabs obtained from the oral erosions and anal fissure. Due to a history of allergy to penicillin the patient was treated with doxycycline 200mg daily for 14 days. One month later, the mucosal lesions had subsided, and 3 months later the VDRL titer had decreased by 2 dilutions., Conclusion: This case of "early" syphilis illustrates a change in the French epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STIs). STIs currently affect very young and previously unexposed metropolitan French populations. These infections are increasing in teenagers due to an increase in high-risk sexual behavior associated with a lack of knowledge of STIs. This case is a reminder of the current decline in the level of knowledge about STIs among teenagers as compared to young people of the same age in the 1990s., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

In France, men who have sex with men (MSM) were "permanently deferred" of blood donation. This measure reflected the fact that according to scientific research data, MSM have a higher risk to be infected notably by the human immunodeficiency virus. This "permanent postponement" was the subject of much debate as discrimination criterion. Can ethics be the basis for the reexamination of conditions of access of MSM to blood donation? It seems that ethics can and should in fact be reconvened in the reflections. The donor selection criteria should be regularly reviewed in the light of emerging risks. The exclusion must be reexamined, questioned again, remembering the reality and not enclosing blood transfusion in a secure dynamic unsuited to the reality of the risk. Also, it appears capital to keep the debate in mind, far exceeding that of blood donation to involve more that a legitimate search for equality and justice in a society. The debate must take account of these elements of reality, without leave to fascinate at the risk of providing an unadjusted answer to the original problem. Ethics seems to invite us in these discussions as they show the axes of reflection or problematization channels. Far from closing the debate, it opens the latter to new areas and participates in the advance of ideas, thus constituting a main actor., (Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier SAS.)