Search

AI image generation represents a logical evolution from early digital media algorithms, starting with basic paint programs in the 1970s and advancing to sophisticated 3D graphics and media creation software by the 1990s. Early algorithms struggled to simulate materials and effects, but advances in the 1970s and 1980s led to realistic simulations of natural phenomena and artistic techniques. Generative AI continues this trend, using neural networks to combine and interpolate visual patterns from extensive datasets. This method of digital media creation underscores the modular and discrete nature of computer-generated imagery, distinguishing it from traditional optical media.

O artigo discute a transição da criação de imagens manual e baseadas em lentes para o procedimento preditivo da IA generativa, em que os computadores geram novas mídias aprendendo com grandes conjuntos de dados e prevendo novos artefatos. Essa mudança da representação para a previsão marca uma uma mudança significativa na forma como as imagens são produzidas, avançando em direção à "mídia preditiva". Os autores também investigam as características comuns entre os processos de criação humana e de IA, em que ambos aprendem com grandes quantidades de dados culturais para produzir novos artefatos. No entanto, a IA atualmente tem dificuldades para gerar "átomos culturais" altamente exclusivos ou raros, que são mais bem compreendidos pelos criadores humanos. O artigo também coloca a IA geradora no contexto da arte moderna e da história da mídia. Os artefatos gerados pela IA dependem de um grande arquivo de outros artefatos de mídia. Esse mecanismo generativo vincula a mídia generativa a gêneros, métodos e movimentos artísticos anteriores, como a colagem de fotos da década de 1920, a pop art da década de 1960 ou a net art da década de 1990.

World economic development is accompanied by an increase in the consumption of energy resources, whose potential reserves are limited. Assessments given in show that every 25 years, energy consumption in the world doubles and environmental problems increase as well. In industrial processes, a large amount of spent energy is often lost as waste heat, which is generated as a by-product and released into the atmosphere. The Global Energy Review notes that energy consumption in the form of heat released into the environment in both the USA and EU-27 is approximately 60% of all clean primary energy consumed. Currently, to reduce the global demand for primary energy, the use of energy-saving technologies is fast-growing in many countries of the world instead of direct combustion of coal, oil and gas involving low-grade coolants and environmental heat. This paper discusses low-temperature energy-saving technologies in heat and power supply systems. A technical and economic assessment of these areas is given. The results of using low-boiling liquids for power generation on the basis of hot Earth strata are reported.

The article is focused on chemical and radioactive contamination of the environment during hydrocarbon production. The objective of the research is to present relatively unknown facts of indirect long-term environmental effects of hydrocarbon production. Traces of radioactive contamination of soils, ground- and surface water were studied, and also in drinking water in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The authors’ own field and laboratory studies were used. They were performed as part of the preparation of geochemical base map (GHO-1000) of 1:1000000 scale in the Republic of Bashkortostan and in the Ukhto-Izhemsky oil and gas bearing region. The methods applied for laboratory research were inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for soil and bottom sediment samples and atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AMS) for ground- and surface waters. It has been determined that in the areas affected by oil production the chemical pollution aspects include deterioration of the groundwater quality caused by associated water and oil products ingress into aquifers due to violation of the oil and gas well drilling techniques, and soil salination caused by frequent equipment breaks during oil production. Aspects of radiation contamination of the environment during oil production include the intake of radionuclides with associated water, and sometimes with heavy hydrocarbon fractions, as well as the consequences of underground nuclear explosions. It is concluded that the territories of hydrocarbon exploration, production and storage should be classified as areas of potential risk for radioactive contamination and chemical pollution (by inorganic compounds, including heavy metal salts). Uranium concentration in drinking water was determined by the INAA method (instrumental neutron activation analysis).

The article analyzes the factors affecting the performance and efficiency of industrial ventilation systems, as well as evaluated the technology and constructive reliability of indoor climate systems. The purpose of the work was to find ways to improve energy efficiency as a priority indicator of modern industrial ventilation systems in conditions of significant and ever-increasing need to save energy consumption costs. The work uses analytical research methods based on theories of probability and reliability of technical systems, analysis of known scientific and own practical results. In the course of the study, the results were obtained allowing to estimate the efficiency of the ventilation system not only in terms of the installed capacity and efficiency of the ventilation unit, but also taking into account such important indicators as energy efficiency, process reliability and functional purpose of the system. The ways of increasing the complex aerodynamic parameter of the ventilation system with the possible elimination of energy costs are determined.

Biologically active substances of plants of the Cupressaceae family, especially the genera Thuja and Juniperus, are used in various sectors of the national economy. The quality of essential oils is determined by a set of chemical compounds and their concentrations. In this case, the quality is determined by the ratio between the macro- and micro-components of essential oils. More than 40 biologically active compounds in essential oils have been determined by gas chromatography, which may also depend on the growing region of these plants.

The work is devoted to the comparative analysis of the component composition of the essential oil of some species of the genus Citrus of different origin. Essential oil was extracted from the peel of kumquat (Citrus japonica Thunb.), lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle), and limequat (Citrus x floridana (J.W. Ingram & H.E. Moore) Mabb.) fruits by steam distillation using a modified Ginzberg receiver. The component composition of the essential oil has been established by the GC-MS method. In the studied species of the genus Citrus, the content of the main component of limonene varies from 50 to 95%. Differences are observed in the quantitative ratio of some components that relate to terpene hydrocarbons, alcohols, and their esters.

The article analyzes the results of a research aimed at identification of the pedagogical technology promoting the formation of a subjective attitude in children with disabilities / physically challenged children studying remotely. Key words: physically challenged children, e-learning, informational and educational environment, subjective attitude.

The treatment of intestinal dysbiosis in animals remains one of the most complex and urgent problems in veterinary medicine to this day. Recently, a steady increase in pathologies has been recorded, accompanied by the development of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract of various etiologies in animals. Despite the constant improvement of methods for correcting the intestinal microbiota, the occurrence of dysbacteriosis in various pathological processes not only does not decrease, but, on the contrary, increases. This study revealed definite pathogenetic features of intestinal dysbiosis in cats of varying severity. It has been established that substantial changes occur in the blood of cats with dysbiosis, and with the decompensated third degree of severity, profound hematological shifts occur. The differences found may have significant clinical and laboratory importance since they complement the available data on intestinal dysbiosis in cats, which, in our opinion, will improve diagnostic and prognostic approaches, as well as therapeutic and preventive measures.

We study Dolgachev elliptic surfaces with a double and a triple fiber and find explicit equations of two new pairs of fake projective plane with $21$ automorphisms, thus finishing the task of finding explicit equations of fake projective planes with this automorphism group. This includes, in particular, the fake projective plane discovered by J. Keum.

Предметом исследования выступает одна из духовно-смысловых и психологических доминант художественного сознания и поэтического творчества нобелевского лауреата Иосифа Бродского, до сих пор специально и комплексно не рассматривавшаяся. Речь идет о типологическом для художественного сознания Бродского, проходящем через все его творчество духовно-душевном состоянии – усталости. Это особого рода усталость – культурогенная, выступающая, с одной стороны, как усталость самой культуры, ее духовного содержания и психологических форм, а с другой – как усталость людей от этой усталой культуры и ее конкретных феноменов. Через анализ стихотворений разных периодов творчества Бродского показаны и осмыслены основные аспекты выражаемой в его поэзии усталости: усталость как свойство мироотношения, в том числе восприятия природы, пространства и времени; как глубинная черта существования (экзистенции); как доминанта психологического склада/типа личности; как духовно-психологическая характеристика творческого процесса и отношения к творчеству, его языку и смыслу, его произведениям и их реципиентам. Констатируется, что усталость от искусства и его культурных оснований у Бродского парадоксально сочетается с его приверженностью искусству и волей к творчеству, способностью находить в нем и его языке духовные силы.

Introduction A good example of emergentism - interpreted by M. Siderits [1] as - Buddhist reductionism) is an excerpt from the dialogue between King Milinda[4] and the monk Nāgasena[5] about the self, which is part of the text close to the Abhidhamma tradition entitled "Milindapaha" (or "Questions of King Milinda"). The text was published by V. Trenckner in 1880 in [2] and translated into English by T.W. Rhys Davids [3] in the series "Sacred Books of the East". Furthermore, there is an English translation by I. B. Horner [4] and Bhikkhu Pesala [5] and into Russian by A.V. Paribok [6]. There are also German [7] and French translations [8; 9]. Yet the classical translation by Rhys Davids is currently largely obsolete. Paribok's translation into Russian is not convenient for practical use as it would need to be further translated into English, and this double translation, which is not very good from the point of view of the philological approach to the text. We have therefore decided to make our own, new translation of the passage from "Milindapaha", in which the dialogue about the self is being held.

We study the mechanical response of a dislocation-free 2D crystal under homogenous shear using a new mesoscopic approach to crystal plasticity, a Landau-type theory, accounting for the global invariance of the energy in the space of strain tensors while operating with an infinite number of equivalent energy wells. The advantage of this approach is that it eliminates arbitrariness in dealing with topological transitions involved, for instance, in nucleation and annihilation of dislocations. We use discontinuous yielding of pristine micro-crystals as a benchmark problem for the new theory and show that the nature of the catastrophic instability, which in this setting inevitably follows the standard affine response, depends not only on lattice symmetry but also on the orientation of the crystal in the loading device. The ensuing dislocation avalanche involves cooperative dislocation nucleation, resulting in the formation of complex microstructures controlled by a nontrivial self-induced coupling between different plastic mechanisms.

Recently acoustic signature of dislocation avalanches in HCP materials was found to be long tailed in size and energy, suggesting critical dynamics. Moreover, the intermittent plastic response was found to be generic for micro- and nano-sized systems independently of their crystallographic symmetry. These rather remarkable discoveries are reviewed in this paper in the perspective of the recent studies performed in our group. We discuss the physical origin and the scaling properties of plastic fluctuations and address the nature of their dependence on crystalline symmetry, system size, and disorder content. A particular emphasis is placed on the formation of dislocation structures, and on our ability to temper plastic fluctuations by alloying. We also discuss the “smaller is wilder” size effect that culminates in a paradoxical crack-free brittle behavior of very small, initially dislocation free crystals. We argue that the implied transition between different rheological behaviors is regulated by the ratio of length scales $R=L/l$, where $L$ is the system size and $l$ is the internal length. We link this size effect with size dependence of strength (“smaller is stronger”) and the size-induced switch between different hardening mechanisms. We show that the task of taming the intermittency of plastic flow at ultra-small scales can be accomplished by generating tailored quenched disorder which allows one to control micro- and nano-forming and opens new perspectives in micro-metallurgy and structural engineering of miniature load-carrying elements. These insights were beyond the reach of conventional theoretical approaches that do not explicitly account for the stochastic nature of collective dislocation dynamics.

The essay argues that the oriental parable “Ziou-Zioung. A Chinese Anecdote” published in No. 9 of the magazine Ni To ni Sio (“Neither This nor That”) on April 25, 1769, is a fragment of “The Citizen of the World, or Letters from a Chinese Philosopher” by Oliver Goldsmith (1760–1761, book edition 1762), translated with some changes. The translation is presumably attributed to Fyodor Lazinsky. The paper traces the way of Goldsmith’s plot from the English original to the Russian version. The parable is taken from the French translation of Goldsmith’s book by P. Poivre (1763) and reprinted in the magazine Recueil pour l’esprit & pour le cœur under the title “Ziou-Zioung” (1764). The text of the French magazine is translated into German; it appears in Berlinisches Magazin (1765), from where it is borrowed by the Russian translator. The separation from the original context and a chain of transformations in successive translations, although each of these transformations is minor leads to a substantial change of meaning. While Goldsmith aims his satire at those who are proud of unworthy things, German and Russian versions condemn pride as such.

The article details the biography and teachings of Śāntarakṣita (8th century), a famous Buddhist scholar and enlightener, a leading figure in the spread of Buddhism in Tibet and his closest student Kamalaśīla (also 8th century). Śāntarakṣita is the author of several treatises, including Compendium of Entities - Tattvasaṃgraha, a monumental work that can rightfully be called the Buddhist Philosophical Encyclopedia, consisting of 26 sections (the Tibetan translation contains 31 sections), in which all key philosophical schools of India, namely: Mīmāṃsa, Vedānta, Sāṃkhya, Yoga, Nyāya, Vaiśeṣika, Lokāyata, Jainism and Buddhism of other sects) are analyzed and subsequently refuted. Kamalaśīla is a direct student of Śāntarakṣita, the author of a word-to-word commentary on the teacher's Tattvasaṃgraha. The article also dwells on the history of the discovery and study of the Tattvasaṃgraha. The novelty of the study lies in a full-length encyclopedic presentation of the philosophy of Śāntarakṣita and his immediate student Kamalaśīla. A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is the demonstration that Śāntarakṣita, as a representative of the Yogācāra-Madhyamaka school, worked in the genre of synthesis of the teachings of Yogācāra (Vijānavāda) and Madhyamaka (Śūnyavāda), and in the field of epistemology he continued the theories of Dignāga and Dharmakīrti.

The present article explores the relevance of the normative context of crimes related to environmental offences of illegal harvesting. The article reviews the practice of the Zabaikalsky Krai Chita District Court in handling criminal cases of this category, and the report emphasises the need for more effective work of law enforcement agencies in investigating criminal acts in the sphere of illegal harvesting and trafficking of criminally extracted timber. The study aims to involve professional organisations and improve cooperation with relevant stakeholders to address the problem of combating illegal harvesting. Methods: comparative-legal; empirical methods of description interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; private-scientific methods: legal-dogmatic and method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: Information on illegal timber turnover, illegal felling and harvesting of forest plantations, and methods of combating the trafficking of forest resources are relevant. This article deals with such vitalissues as illegal timber trafficking, illegal forest felling, and forest plantations. Conclusion: analysing the judicial practice of the courts of the Zabaikalsky Krai in general, having a common border with the People's Republic of China, the article also emphasises the increased social danger associated with these criminal acts and their criminalistic characteristics.

A model of the argon condensation process has been developed for the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The model includes the following processes: formation of dimers, merging of clusters, sticking of monomers to clusters, evaporation of monomers from clusters, and inelastic collisions between particles. The proposed model is implemented in the DSMC code SMILE++. The model is then verified and validated. Calculations of jet flows exhausting into a rarefied medium are performed on the basis of the proposed model.

The treatment of intestinal dysbiosis in animals remains one of the most complex and urgent problems in veterinary medicine to this day. Recently, a steady increase in pathologies has been recorded, accompanied by the development of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract of various etiologies in animals. Despite the constant improvement of methods for correcting the intestinal microbiota, the occurrence of dysbacteriosis in various pathological processes not only does not decrease, but, on the contrary, increases. This study revealed definite pathogenetic features of intestinal dysbiosis in cats of varying severity. It has been established that substantial changes occur in the blood of cats with dysbiosis, and with the decompensated third degree of severity, profound hematological shifts occur. The differences found may have significant clinical and laboratory importance since they complement the available data on intestinal dysbiosis in cats, which, in our opinion, will improve diagnostic and prognostic approaches, as well as therapeutic and preventive measures. Keywords: dysbiosis, cats, pathogenesis, compensated, subcompensated, decompensated.

The paper presents an approach to the study of the structure and properties of snow cover, as well as its quantitative reserves and heterogeneities. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations are given on the possibility of using the geo-radar method in the study of ski slopes.

The study proposes the use of a new generation of aircraft based on the use of cylindrical rotating blade propellers as a means of transportation. The results of research and development work carried out on several dimensions of cylindrical rotating blade propellers are considered. The results obtained allow us to lay down a certain basis for the theory and practice of the operation of cylindrical rotating blade propellers. In the process of scientific research, an understanding of the role of geometric ratios of rotor elements and the number of blades is obtained. The limits of the angle of attack and thrust vector deflection are defined. The requirements for structural strength and stiffness of the rotating blade propeller parts are formed. The solution of the kinematic mechanisms for controlling the angles of attack of the blades and flaps, and the thrust vector in general, etc., was formed. A conceptual image of a two-seat aircraft using cylindrical rotating blade propellers is proposed. Bench tests of the cylindrical rotating blade propellers allowed the formation of tactical and technical requirements for the two-seat aircraft. It is suggested that further research be considered to determine design solutions for promising aircraft of greater payload and capacity.

The authors look at the application of neural networks to sustainable business development in the construction industry. The actual work of self-learning neural networks with statistical data tables in construction is studied. The possibilities of managing construction scheduling and material supply requirements from the point of view of work execution with the participation of neural networks are shown. Appropriate statistical indicators can be used in subsequent numerical calculations. Tables above all allow for the systematisation of numerical information. The study of large number of tables by neural networks allows statistical study not only of the collective as a whole, i.e., of the totality of objects and phenomena - macro-units, but also of subdivided collectives, i.e., separate parts of the whole - micro units and complex units (united by one attribute). Therefore, the subject of statistical sentence-table may be statistical population as a whole (macro units), aggregate dissected (separate observation units) - micro units and separate aggregate - complex units. This is quite understandable, because statistical judgement can refer to the object of observation at any stage of this process, i.e. as a result of the dissection of the population into micro units, combination of the latter into small populations (complex units) and generalization of micro units and complex units into units of the concept - macro units.According to the results of implementation of the automated control systems based on neural networks the high purity and quality of design solutions based on the automated data processing of production and economic activity of the construction organisation is achieved. Their actual economic efficiency is calculated.

The paper presents an approach to the automatic grouping algorithms development based on parametric optimization models for processing high-volume data in the agrarian and industrial complex. Combined search algorithms with alternating randomized neighborhoods show much more stable results (give a smaller minimum value, and also have a low standard deviation of the target function) and hence better performance compared to known (so-called classical) algorithms, such as j-means and k-means.

Sewer outlets from buildings in a harsh climate are considered one of the main elements of the sewer network, determining its reliability and efficiency. The article considers the change in the temperature of wastewater at sewer outlets laid at a reduced depth in the frozen ground. Methods: The purpose of this study was to determine the temperature of wastewater at the sewer outlets in the city of Kyzyl during the day in winter. Result: New experimental data on wastewater temperature are presented and summarized. The range of change in the temperature of wastewater at the sewer outlets from the building in the city of Kyzyl has been determined. The results of measurements of a full-scale experiment during the day in winter are presented.

The article deals with the problem of the formation of a traffic jam on the one of the street Krasnoyarsk cities. According to statistics, the largest set of accidents occur when turning the vehicle. For convenience and traffic priority, traffic lights are set up and additional signals or sections of traffic lights are introduced. In Europe, additional lanes are added, designed separately for turning, where cars can continue to wait for their turn, but if there are a lot of cars, then the additional lane ceases to cope with the flow of cars and begins to load the lane. Another option, when all left turns are prohibited, you need to turn right, where there is one-way traffic, look for a place to turn around and return from another street in order to drive straight to the opposite side of the road where the turn was prohibited. These manipulations can affect the ecology near residential areas and overload small streets, where there is already 1 lane for traffic. The paper proposes the option of transferring the turn to the supermarket to the next intersection in order to increase throughput at large traffic flows, and also uses analytical optimization methods to minimize travel time and maximize passing cars per hour.

The author set out to investigate the conditions for the distribution of sustainable development processes based on modeling and optimization of organizational solutions, which will reduce development time and increase production efficiency. The solution to this problem is also largely determined by the timing and quality of technical preparation of production. Improving the quality of technical training leads to a reduction in time and costs for the development and release of new products. At the same time, the annual and quarterly volumes of work at the facilities are determined in accordance with the technology of construction of facilities, taking into account the probabilistic parameters of current plans. The results obtained are the basis for drawing up rational current production programs that contribute to improving the sustainable development of the facility. To achieve this goal, the authors solved the following tasks: to study the prerequisites for improving operational planning; justification of the adopted design decisions.

La vasta correspondencia de ʻUmar II con los gobernantes es examinada para la discusión de la islamización y la aculturación. Desde el punto de vista del califa, estos dos procesos tenían que ser regulados y el dilema era cómo formular una política que estuviera en línea con la ética islámica y, al mismo tiempo, controlar la islamización estableciendo un alto nivel de entrada para los conversos. La lucha contra la aculturación intentaba preservar el dominio político musulmán controlando la administración.

___

Представлено объяснение общих особенностей современного искусства, его радикальной новизны. Признавая значение постмодернизма как маркера границы культурных эпох, невозможно свести к нему особенности новейшего искусства или объяснить его через основания постмодернизма. Постмодернизм по-своему подводит итог большому прошлому истории человечества, современное искусство выражает тенденции его развития, движения к будущему. На нескольких примерах показано новое содержание современного искусства – его обращенность к репрезентации и освоению многообразных явлений культуры как самостоятельной самодостаточной специфической реальности. Универсальность и растущий масштаб сосредоточенности новейшего искусства на феноменах культуры заставляют связывать его появление и особенности с радикальной социокультурной эволюцией современности. Сущность этого набирающего темпы и масштабы процесса заключается в качественном росте продуктивных природопреобразовательных и социально-организующих, материальных, информационных и духовных способностей культуры как специфического и универсального для человеческих обществ и индивидов способа существования и развития и как особого («надприродного») мира. Масштаб влияния культуры на жизнь современного человечества и каждого человека, зримые перспективы ее грядущего прогресса таковы, что превращают культуру из «второй природы» в природу первую – главное определяющее начало жизни. Этот объективный процесс обусловливает качественное изменение всего культурного сознания, прежде всего художественного. Это выражается в рождении, утверждении и развитии в искусстве рядом с существующей тысячелетия, «запрограммированной» на репрезентацию природы и жизнь людей натуроцентристской парадигмой новой культуроцентристской парадигмы художественного сознания.

We construct explicit equations of Cartwright-Steger and related surfaces.

Analysis of absolutely dry matter (ADM) accumulation is important indicator of productivity of crop plants. For three seasons, we investigated the effect of sterile cytoplasms on content of ADM in the F1 hybrids of grain sorghum obtained on the basis of two series of alloplasmic iso-nuclear CMS-lines: (1) with A3, A4, and 9E cytoplasms and (2) with 9E and M35-1A cytoplasms. For the first time, the effect of the type of sterile cytoplasm on content of ADM in the F1 sorghum hybrids was shown. In each season, A3 cytoplasm reduced ADM in the F1 hybrids at the “tillering – heading” stage, whereas 9E cytoplasm increased ADM at the “heading – complete maturity” stage. The most significant differences were observed under drought conditions. These data indicate the genetic influence of cytoplasm on assimilation capacity of sorghum hybrids and tolerance to drought stress.

Sorghum is one of the most important cereal crops in drought regions of the Globe. However, a number of constrains, such as poor nutritional value compared to other cereals, which is caused by resistance of its grain storage proteins (kafirins) to protease digestion, makes it less popular. The use of modern genetic technologies, such as RNA interference, opens up prospects for solving this problem. In this paper, we describe the inheritance of the genetic construct for RNAi silencing of the γ-kafirin gene (gKAF1) in the progeny of the mutant Avans-1/18, that we obtained previously by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of immature embryos of commercial cv. Avans. Inheritance of the genetic construct was traced by PCR-analysis to the nos-promoter governing expression of the marker gene bar and to the ubi1-intron, which is part of the genetic construct for silencing. It was found that the genetic construct inherited in T1 and T2 generations of the mutant grown both in the growth chamber and in the field plot, and in the F1 hybrids of the mutant with CMS-lines A2 KVV-181, A2 KVV-114, A2 O-1237, and fertile lines Volzhskoe-4v, Volzhskoe-615, O-1237. The studied plants from T1 and T2 generations had significantly higher in vitro protein digestibility than original non-transgenic cv. Avans. The vitreous endosperm in these plants was reduced either completely or manifested a faint layer. These data demonstrated that genetic construct for gKAF1 silencing was not only stably integrated in genome of the mutant plants but also expressed and improved the digestibility of endosperm proteins. In addition, in T1 progeny we found the plant, PCR positive for nos-promoter but PCR-negative for ubi1-intron, that had vitreous endosperm and was characterized by poor in vitro protein digestibility. These data are an example of instability of the genetic construct for RNAi-silencing in genome of some transgenic plants; they show close correlation of the floury endosperm type and high in vitro protein digestibility.

Древний культурный образ монстра и дискурс монструозности получают в современном прочтении новый масштаб. В авторском альбоме екатеринбургского графика и живописца Виталия Воловича «Женщины и монстры» разноаспектно представлен образ монстра и проявлен дискурс монструозности. В статье охарактеризованы древние истоки, семантика и функции образа монстра, причины обостренного интереса к этой теме, особенности современной монструозности и ее выражения в искусстве. В альбоме В. Воловича дискурс монструозности работает в пространстве темы эротических отношений женщины и мужчины, интепретируемого как монстр. В центре анализа – ярко раскрываемая Воловичем драматическая природа эротических отношений, их широкая предметно-смысловая амплитуда, напряженное единство природного и культурного начал, сексуальных и духовнопсихологических сил, неоднозначная роль мужчины. Современное видение и воплощение его как монстра вырастает у художника из понимания противоречивого единства природного и культурного в эротике, где женщина оказывается стороной более одухотворенной и психологически развитой в сравнении с мужской доминантой биологического, плотского, вожделеющего. Мастер видит мужчину (и самого себя) с позиций ценностей духовной культуры, в эротике репрезентируемых именно женщиной, чье реконструируемое мнение оказывается отправным в авторском видении монструозности мужчины. Грандиозная эротическая сага художника включает многоплановую «историю» эротических отношений, их типологическое (ситуативное и смысловое) многообразие и акт критической мужской саморефлексии.

The research of actual problems of development and implementation of digital transformation of municipal infrastructure development in the city through the creation of mechanisms to support the intellectualization of management in the industry is carried out. Intelligent monitoring of the housing and communal complex will improve the management system of territories and ensure timely adoption of adequate management decisions to coordinate the actions of economic entities that form the social and industrial infrastructure of municipalities. The most promising direction in this area is intelligent information systems.

The active introduction of digital technologies has an impact on the development of all sectors of the economy. The implemented technologies determine the development of public administration and business, the formation of new forms of communication in society, which creates a synergistic effect as a result of the digitalization of the economy, both in Russia and in the world. The article considers the directions of technological and information support of the construction industry in the digital economy. Based on the analysis, it is assumed that the digitalization of the company's activities in the construction industry, taking into account the trends of the digital economy, will increase the competitiveness in the industry and the economic efficiency of the activity as a whole.

A significant number of milk processing companies all over the world confront the challenge of whey recycling. To date, the processing of milk results in a considerable amount of waste products, which can be used in core production processes, for the output of additional products and can help neutralize harmful effects of milk processing waste waters on the environment. This factor emphasizes the relationship between food and environment. The extraction of water from cheese and curd whey in the manufacture of concentrates gives a solution to one of the challenges facing the dairy industry – the processing of secondary dairy raw resources. Whey concentrates have certain advantages because they are long-shelf-life and easy-to-transport products of high nutritional and biological value. Several studies have assessed process flow factors of whey dehydrating in the manufacture of whey concentrates. The research was carried out using an experimental unit of a vacuum dryer with the thermal radiation power supply. The concentrates with a percentage of dry substances ranging from 11 to 30 % were produced. The important outcomes to emerge from the study are data on the dynamics of vacuum-induced water extraction from cheese and curd whey, its appropriate modes, as well as regularities and specifics of water removal. The quality of concentrates was assessed according to key parameters. The organoleptic properties of sample concentrates met all criteria quite sufficiently, being similar to input parameters. Whey concentrates with a mass fraction of dry substances from 11 to 30.0 % are recommended to use in recipe compositions of fresh and fermented whey-containing drinks. IR-rays represent a good alternative to conventional thickening and drying processes of raw materials at high processing temperatures. The properties of input raw materials remain unaffected owing to non-destructive temperature modes of the vacuum dryer.

In connection with the growing consumer’s interest to Russian wines with controlled place of origin PGI and PDO, the most pressing issue is the method of their identification. One of the most effective ways to confirm the wine's place of origin in world practice is a comprehensive research of the elemental profile and isotopic characteristics of “light” elements using the methods of statistical analysis. We have selected 32 samples of fresh grapes from various wine regions of Russia (Krasnodar Territory, Republic of Crimea, Republic of Dagestan). The grape must obtained from them was fermented under laboratory conditions. In the prepared wines, the elemental profile was determined, which included 71 indicators, as well as indicators δ18О, δD of released ethanol and δ18О of the wine water. The resulting data set was analyzed using statistical methods PCA, Permanova, the Mann-Whitney test, and machine learning was also performed. It is shown that the difference between the values of the mass concentration of the elements Al, Fe, Br, Re, U for samples from Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Crimea are statistically significant. On the matrix of the obtained values, the Random Forest model was trained, which was able to distinguish the regions of wine origin with an accuracy of 90%. When analyzing the nonlinear dependence, the indicators of Si, Li, Co, Cu, Ba, Na, Ni, U, Al, S, Fe, Mn, B and δ18О of the water were determined by the model as important.

The paper formulates the main areas of human capital development in the Russian military-industrial complex in the context of digital transformation. To remedy the current situation, it is necessary to change the system of training of employees of the defense industry, including scientific and pedagogical personnel and specialists. To do this, it is necessary to change the regulatory framework that determines the training of personnel for the defense industry enterprises, to develop methodological recommendations for a comprehensive assessment of the state of human resources in the defense industry; to develop new training programs that take into account the needs of the digital economy, to ensure a close connection of educational institutions with the employer of the military-industrial complex, to form a system of corporate training, a knowledge management system.

The main aspects of the transport component in the price of goods are considered. The analysis of cost and statistical general transport in-kind indicators characterizing the role of transport in economic relations is carried out. Disadvantages of these indicators are identified. The suggestions on their elimination and improvement of accounting for transport costs in the cost structure of the transport component are presented. It is indicated that the implementation of the proposals will make it possible to more correctly determine the transport component and identify the dynamics of proportions in the development of transport and other sectors of the country’s economy.

The role of cost theory in the formation of logistics systems is considered. The stages of the formation of the concept of logistics, the principles of cost analysis, and methodological approaches to minimize the costs of the process of product distribution are identified. The main reasons restraining the development of logistics in Russia are revealed. Much attention is paid to methods of calculating logistics costs. The influence of logistics on the ratio of profit and invested capital is shown.

The Russian lexemes « dame » and « lady » which were borrowed from European languages to designate wealthy, educated and high society women became assimilated in the Russian language and culture. The words gave rise to culture-oriented colocations (кaвaлерственaя дaмa/ chivalry dame), and developed new connotations, which the lexeme «женщинa»/ woman does not have. In addition to neutral and positive connotations (“истиннaя леди”/ true lady), the lexemes acquired negative connotations like “дaмa полусветa”/ demimondaine dame, which indicate to the woman’s inferior social status (полковaя дaмa/ regimental dame), highlight women’s weaknesses not inherent to men (aвтоледи/ auto lady), and stereotypical ideas of women’s low intellect (дaмский ромaн/ love story). The inherent and adherent connotations of the lexemes «дaмa»/ dame and «леди»/ lady revealed through analysis are based on traditional stereotypical ideas about women’s social roles and imply evaluation of the woman’s performance in traditionally male spheres. Thereby, acquisition of negative and ironic connotations by the lexemes is conditioned in society denying women’s new functions and roles from feminist perspective.

Results of the next round of studies on Russian interstate electric ties are described. A part of the Eurasian region including European and Siberian part of Russia and countries of Central Asia, Caucasus, Southern Asia and Middle East is considered for 2040 target year. Great effectiveness of creation of interstate power grid in this region is shown.

Vygotskij’s essay K voprosu o psichologii tvorčestva aktëra, originally published in 1936, is here translated for the first time into Italian by Massimo Lenzi. The Soviet psychologist’s approach to the actor’s creative work is founded upon the recognition that both theatrical and general psychology fall short to account for the complexity of the player’s experience on the stage, unless the problem is considered in its historical and social dimension. Diderot’s Paradoxe, according to Vygotskij, is founded on facts and there lies its merit and deep insight into the actor’s work; nonetheless, equally apparent facts seem to suggest the possibility of different explanations, as for example those concerning Stanislavskij’s pedagogical practice. Then again, Vachtangov’s successful use of Stanislavskijan techniques in his own non-realistic stagings calls attention to the continuous shifting of the problem itself. So, the actor’s paradox has not an unique solution, but every theatrical age and/or style implies its own paradox, exactly as the expression of human mental life through emotion and feelings changes with epochs and social structures. The essay is preceded by a translator’s note dealing with the Italian rendering of certain concepts, whose use is peculiar to Russian theatrical culture.

Jet grinding considers a rather energy-intensive production. For obtaining high mill productivity, it is necessary to control the process in order to prevent the transfer the energy intensity value to a critical one. This work shows the possibilities of jet grinding studying based on the process acoustic signal analysis and to develop a mill mode control system to achieve optimum productivity. There were determined that decrease in the activity and maximum amplitudes of the acoustic signals in the grinding zone is a sign of deviation from the optimal fine grinding mode, which leads to a decrease in the mill productivity and requires timely material loading. For control of ground product quality it’s necessary to control the frequency dispersion of signals corresponding to the control class, and check the absence or presence of signals corresponding to other size classes for zone behind the classifier. The developed automated control system of jet grinding allows implementing the optimal parameters of the mill operation by control the acoustic parameters of the grinding zone for optimum jet loading with material. The dispersion control of the ready product is based on acoustic monitoring of a two-phase flow in the product transportation zone.

In today’s diverse world, one of the most urgent tasks is environmental protection, rational use and reproduction of natural resources, conservation of biological diversity. The problem of clean water is one of the most important places in the solution of this problem because surface waters are the most sensitive natural environment link. Without careful monitoring of the state indicated by the latter, it is impossible to prevent the occurrence of adverse environmental situations, maintain the health of the nation and ensure the quality of life. Based on the results of the analysis of indicators of the quality of the water source, the required volumes of water for the consumer and the requirements of the consumer for the produced water, a decision is made on the technology for purifying the required water. Special climatic conditions (sharply continental climate, high summer temperatures, low water levels, etc.) negatively affect the quality indicators of the water source. The article presents the results of a study of surface water by microbiological indicators and phytoplankton. Water was investigated in the area of the channel-type surface water intake structure located in the Astrakhan region on the Volga. It is revealed that the river belongs to the category of dirty. Moreover, there is a positive trend in the development of this process. Applied water treatment technologies are not able to fulfill the tasks to ensure a safe drinking regime. It is known that chlorination of water during water treatment does not affect the removal of metabolites secreted by massively developing species of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). The authors made recommendations for improving water treatment facilities.

The purpose of this paper is to research and define the promising worldwide scientific trends in the field of railway transportation of various dangerous goods. To obtain relevant empirical data, the authors reviewed the world literature on paper topic using Scopus and Web of Science citation bases. We determined that this research was focused on several major thematic areas: 1) automation and telematics systems; 2) navigation systems; 3) logistics; 4) energy; 5) locomotives; 6) freight cars; 7) materials; 8) rails; 9) impact on the environment and people. The article used mapping, ensuring a visual perspective for researchers and helping to understand general situations in specific subject areas of the research. This study provides useful information concerning the development of the field of research for the railway transportation of dangerous goods, identifying those academics (authors, countries and institutions) that have made the greatest contribution to its development and defining the priority research directions

The problem of implementing joint control actions on electromechanical devices (EMD) in human-machine systems through the control body of a human-machine interface is considered. Based on the theory of optimal control, control functions between the human operator, the program control automaton, and the corrective control automaton are synthesized. Peculiarities of the technical implementation of the control actions on the EMD of the ergatic system using the new type of joint control devices have been identified, through the control body of which information interaction between the human operator and the system automa-ton is carried out. Based on the model of actions and responses of the human operator and machine, which is adopted in engineering psychology, mathematical models of their joint control of the object have been developed. Mathematical models of machine responses are constructed using the hypothesis of complete certainty in the form of a normal system of ordinary differen-tial equations. As a result of combining action and response models for the human-machine system, a finite set of incomplete representations of the elementary motions of the image point in the state space is obtained, on which the programmed motion of the object is built in the form of a sequence of elementary motions. Virtual discrete control signals Corresponding to specific positions of the control bodies of the joint control apparatuses of the human-machine interface of the system are determined, through which consecutive transitions from one elementary movement to another are carried out. The conclusions on the effectiveness of the use of joint control in transport ergatic human-machine systems are formulated. It is shown that in this case, the advantages of control partners are used and combined to the greatest extent.