Search

Indigenous-driven and community-partnered research projects seeking to develop salient, legitimate, and credible knowledge bases for environmental decision-making require a multiple knowledge systems approach. When involving partners in addition to communities, diverging perspectives and priorities may arise, making the pathways to engaging in principled research while generating actionable knowledge unclear to disciplinarily-trained natural science researchers. Here, we share insights from the Eeyou Coastal Habitat Comprehensive Research Project (CHCRP), an interdisciplinary, Cree-driven community-academic partnership. This project brought together Cree community members, regional organizations, industry (Hydro-Québec), and academics from seven universities across Canada to address the unprecedented loss of seagrass Zostera marina (eelgrass), the concurrent decline in migratory Canada geese and its impact on fall goose harvest activities in Eeyou Istchee. After describing the history and context of the project, we discuss the challenges, complexities, and benefits of the collaborative approach balancing saliency, legitimacy, and credibility of the knowledge produced. We suggest the paper may be of use to researchers and partners seeking to engage in principled and actionable research related to environmental change including impacts of past development.

Exploring the complex landscape of bioethics, this article combines the theoretical insights of the Potterian Global Bio-Ethics approach with bioethics research methods, aiming for actionable ethical compromises in governance. The Potterian approach transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries, adopting John Dewey’s pragmatist view, and bringing into convergence philosophical and empirical methods. I advocate for a synergy between micro-scale local-empirical and macro-scale global-rational approaches. Presenting a hands-on case for bioethicists, I emphasize a ‘Global’ bioethics perspective, grounded at the individual scale. Drawing on concepts like ‘boundary-object’ and ‘hybrid community’ from Susan Star and Michel Callon, I propose a reflexive methodology with tools for mapping, framing, and shaping ethical inquiries, to avoid fallacies and embed values in problem-solving. This approach strives to connect meta-ethical reflections with daily bioethical challenges, promoting a coherent, reflexive, and pragmatic methodology.

Contexte: Dans le cadre des séances de simulation de raisonnement clinique (RC) à la faculté de médecine de l’Université d’Ottawa, les étudiants de pré-externat sont jumelés en dyade afin d’augmenter le nombre de cas cliniques pratiques avant l’externat. Un étudiant joue le rôle du clinicien (EC) et l’autre est observateur (EO) en alternance. Cette étude descriptive quantitative vise à comparer la génération d’hypothèses diagnostiques des EO à celles des EC pour soutenir l’utilité de l’observation engagée des pairs comme stratégie d’apprentissage du RC en contexte de simulation clinique. Méthodes: Suivant un entretien avec un patient simulé, les EC et les EO ont été invités à générer deux hypothèses diagnostiques dans un formulaire électronique. Les réponses ont été compilées, catégorisées et comparées en termes d’hypothèses diagnostiques équivalentes au sein d’une même dyade. La différence de distribution de fréquences des hypothèses équivalentes a été analysée statistiquement à l’aide d’un calcul du chi-carré. Résultats: Le pourcentage de dyades avec au moins une hypothèse diagnostique équivalente varie entre 83 à 100% selon le scénario. Le nombre d’hypothèses équivalentes entre les EO et les EC est statistiquement significatif (p

Pancreatic or peri pancreatic collections are the most frequent complication of acute pancreatitis. To make the difference between acute edematous and necrotic pancreatitis is crucial to choose the optimal therapeutic approach. Since the Atlanta classification, the different types of collections are well defined. During the first 4 weeks after acute pancreatitis onset, the pancreatic fluid collections (no clear wall, frequently related to an acute edematous pancreatitis with a spontaneously good evolution in most cases) and acute necrotic collections (with a variable solid component and frequently related to an acute necrotic pancreatitis) have been described. After 4 weeks, pancreatic pseudocysts (well-defined liquid collection with no solid component) and Walled-Off Necrosis (or WON, a capsulated collection with solid component) can be found. In 50% of cases, pancreatic collections (pseudocyst or WON) spontaneously disappear, without the need for drainage. Morphological follow-up is therefore recommended. Only symptomatic collections presenting with compression of a neighboring organ (stomach, duodenum, biliary tract), or infection of necrosis need drainage. Endoscopic route should be preferred if they are accessible. The modalities of drainage are based on a minimally invasive approach (called "step-up") as follows: cystostomy under endoscopic ultrasound guidance by metal (lumen-apposing metal stents) or plastic stents (double pigtail design), combined with endoscopic necrosectomy if necessary. Radiological and/or surgical drainage are sometimes necessary, particularly for collections not accessible by endoscopy (parieto-colic gutter, pelvis). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a context where multiple partnerships are developing in the field of education (Marx and Reverdy, 2020), we analyzed the activity of a collective of actors with different statuses (primary school teacher, volunteer and swimming instructor) in the context of teaching swimming skills. By following the course-of-action research program (Theureau, 2004, 2006, 2015) and linking it to the theory of inquiry (Dewey, 1938), we were able to determine how the experience of these actors was transformed over the course of collective activity. In this way, we were able to show that all the actors were continually moving beyond institutional prescriptions. This constancy, supported by a range of processes, led to an enrichment of knowledge within the collective. These elements open up new avenues on two levels. On the one hand, given a large corpus of data, they allow us to consider the theoretical and methodological contributions of this research as an effective means of gaining dynamic access to the consensual activity of actors over a long period of time. From a technological perspective, they also help to clarify the mechanisms of experiential reciprocity at play within a partnership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hépato-Gastro & Oncologie Digestive is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)