Search

Background: There has been an increasing number of Canadian medical graduates who have gone unmatched in the residency selection process. Medical students have been engaging in extracurricular activities outside the formal curriculum which may help to distinguish themselves from their peers in the selection process. To understand how competitiveness in residency selection shapes applicant demographic characteristics and behaviours, this study set out to explore the demographic characteristics and prevalence of reported extra-curricular activities by applicants to Canadian Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (OTL-HNS) residency across time. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study reviewed specific sections of the curriculum vitae (CV) of applicants to OTL-HNS programs in Canada. These sections were self-reported, and included research productivity, involvement in volunteer and leadership activities, membership in associations, and honours or awards granted. Data was quantified and analyzed descriptively. Results: Between 2013 to 2017, a total of 267 applicants reported a median of 12.6 research publications, 9.6 volunteer activities, six leadership activities, six association memberships and 9.8 honours/awards. Applicants were younger over time, with proportions of applicants over 30 years old decreasing from 56% in 2013 to 9% in 2017. Conclusion: Applicants to Canadian OTL-HNS residency programs are reporting consistently high numbers of extracurricular activities and were of increasingly younger ages. Medical students are investing significant time and energy to pursue these activities which are above and beyond the formal curriculum, possibly contributing to decreased diversity in applicants for competitive residencies, increasing the likelihood of misrepresentation in residency applications, and likely contributing to medical student burnout.

City guides, accounts of voyages and journals are mainly used in art history as sources for the objects they refer to. A critique of their formulation can be undertaken, but it is rarer for their content to be examined from the perspective of a European-wide intertextuality. This essay is a comparative analysis of Leonhard Christoph Sturm’s Architecktonische Reise-Anmerckungen and the Description nouvelle de la ville de Paris by Germain Brice, examining the relevance of such a comparative reading.

This article focuses on the translation of short forms. It starts from the idea that any translator is a double translator, since he must be able to render both the natural language and the artistic language of the text (s)he has to translate. Once this premise is acquired, typology – understood as the form through which the text manifests itself – comes into play. The author focuses on a genre typically associated with Romanticism, the fragment; its translation does not require the application of a method, but the concrete exercise of an art: the fragment imposes and, as it were, directs its own translation. A similar link between typology and way of translating can be found in all short forms. In order to prove it, the text analyses various short forms, ranging from a minimum to a maximum of authorial presence: from the total absence of the author (as in proverbs) we come to the exclusive presence, to the solitude, of the author (as in aphorisms, when they are written without thinking about a future publication).

A fresh study of the available documentation makes it possible to identify between thirty-five and forty-one gems that initially belonged to Peter Paul Rubens and, later on, to the 1st Duke of Buckingham and to Gaston, Duke of Orléans. This paper thus argues that Gaston acquired about a fourth of the Duke of Buckingham’s collection of ancient gems and that he did so in Paris, during the Fronde. It also appears that Gaston selected the gems according to topics of interest. Many of the gems he acquired pertain (or might pertain) to political iconography (e.g. royal and imperial portraits featuring, in particular, Alexander the Great, as well as mythological scenes involving Hercules and Apollo). Such scenes are often engraved on prestigious and sizeable cameos. These images of power may reflect Gaston’s political ambitions at the time he bought his collection. Other gems selected by the duke include ‘erotic’ scenes and references to the pleasures of wine (e.g. depictions of female nudes and children’s bacchanalia). Finally, a third group of scenes show an interest in pagan religions (e.g. representations of Egyptian gods and scenes of sacrifice).

Can we say that to be is to be perceived? Or that not to be is not to be perceived? Who decides who is to be visible or not? My contention is that invisibility is a social construction related to norms of apprehension, recognition and justification. Not seeing a person makes them absent, and precipitates them into social death. What happens when one is thus made invisible? Can one’s voice bring one back to life? And under what conditions is a silent voice still a living voice? Why is invisibility always attached to inaudibility? If losing one’s voice means losing one’s face, then keeping one’s voice, even when it is lost, allows an inner face to appear, a face that escapes from the eyes of others and is yet present. What is the future of this face?

The growing number of LGBT sports clubs and tournaments questions gender and sexuality related boundaries in cities. The specific spatial patterns, at various scales, create specific sporting sites and structures: temporarily isolated territories, and strong and resilient local and international networks. These sites are identified by more or less visible and symbolic territorial markers. Some practices highlight unquestioned ordinary habits and make visible the usual norms of conventional sport. The choice of creating protective but also politically significant territories underlines the paradox of a marginalization chosen in an attempt to reach more safety, combined with an objective of openness and of political statement by denunciating the normativity of the gendered urban and sporting spaces.

Show politics are an integral part of Louis XIV’s reign. The monarchy managed to enslave the arts and create a continuity from court ballet through comedy-ballet and machine tragedy, to tragedy in music. This paper will explore the limits of propagandist drama at the Sun King’s court and the porosity between official and unofficial art (mazarinades, songs) by focusing on two emblematic productions: Benserade's Ballet royal de la Nuit (1653), performed in the early years of Louis XIV’s reign, and Armide (1686), Lully and Quinault’s last work. It will analyse how spectacle can resist the univocity of political agendas, how the well-oiled machine of propaganda occasionally stops or stumbles, how discrepancies arise between political agenda, allegorical reading and performance. This mismatch between intended allegory and actual reception is rooted in multiple and complex causes, which may be internal or external and relate to the general context (historical, political, religious) or to specific power struggles that the king had to take into account.

Pour aborder la question de la mémoire du futur, ce texte se centre sur un récit de vie que nous avons recueilli auprès de Grégory Chatonsky, artiste dont la production est fortement imprégnée par les outils d’intelligence artificielle. Parmi ces outils, les réseaux génératifs antagonistes (GAN) posent des questions cruciales sur la créativité, sur l’imagination, sur le temps, sur le vivant et l’artificiel et sur l’œuvre d’art dans son ensemble.

For what reason sanskrit theatre was received with a great emotion by European Romantics, whereas long narrative poems after some time were disqualified as epics? This paper focuses on the comparisons and the connections made at the beginning of Western reception of sanskrit literature in the XIXth century, in attempt to understand the complex interplay of beliefs, expectations and affects in the process of reception of a remote literature which presides over the categorisation into literary genres, and consequently governs its assessment and its integration.

Donigan Cumming is a multidisciplinary artist and an experimental movie maker. He realized the movie Locke’s Way (2003) with the intention to produce his own Recherche du temps perdu, in a work that combines video, photography and performance. Forty-five years before Cumming, Samuel Beckett was also inspired by À la recherche du temps perdu when he wrote Krapp’s last tape. As Cumming mentions the important influence of Beckett in his work, we can observe many similarities between both works. If the analyse of Locke’s Way allows to show how the work of Cumming and the way it includes many forms of creative approaches generate different kinds of hybridity, it also reveals the interdisciplinary range of Proust beyond theatre, video, photography and performance.

Known as the first Indian great novelist, Bankim Chandra Chatterji (1838-1894) was both progressist and traditionalist. Analyzing two of his writings which deal with the question of equality between men and women, his essay Sâmya and his masterpiece KRSNakânter Uil, the present article tries to explore the writer’s contradictions, in an attempt to apprehend Indian modernity as a complex phenomenon where past and present, West and East, criticism and mysticism, as soon as set face to face, mingle, the novel being the product as well as the voice of this modernity.

Urban seismic vulnerability depends on several factors; this paper aims to demonstrate that a limited approach of vulnerability is at the origin of social and spatial inequality. Indeed, as the will to preserve the architectural heritage of urban historic centres leads to a new definition of the values given to the various buildings and urban areas, it entails specific risk management policies, favouring central areas at the expense of peripheral, poorer and more vulnerable areas. Thus, the conservation of architectural heritage leads to increasing territorial, social, and economic disparities, and to unequal seismic vulnerability management. These dynamics are analysed through the examples of two small Italian towns, Noto and Assisi. The contrasts of seismic risk management in Noto’s various urban areas lead to increasing social, spatial and economic inequality, whereas in Assisi, recent evolutions in urban policies are meant to counterbalance this trend.

As Subaltern Studies, Indian postcolonial studies developed a textual criticism of archival documents which soon met literature: as early as 1992 in Volume VII a study of the correspondence of a Jewish merchant of the twelfth century ("The Slave of MS. H.6") was published by the young anthropologist and novelist Amitav Ghosh Bengali, who published the same year In a Antique land, an account of his fieldwork in Egypt, inspired by the same correspondence. But neither the article nor the story does mention one the other: this is not a relation of succession, but exclusion which orders both texts, leading to the abandonment by Ghosh of history in favor of literature. This article examines this split writing of the archive that enables the reader to consider In an Antique Land as a fiction of archive, not only as a fictionalization of historiographical sources, but as an art of multiplying and crossing plots in a set of fragmentation and meeting which transforms experience into novel – the novel of the quest of a past that makes sense to the present.

Copyright of Renaissance & Reformation / Renaissance et Réforme is the property of Iter Canada and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A fashionable concept, resilience is now a must in both academic research and management. However, its polysemy nourishes many debates on its uses, heuristics and operational relevance. The purpose of this article is not to bring these debates to a close. Starting from a cross-disciplinary state of the art, we point out the incompatibilities between certain meanings and uses of the term. These inconsistencies raise theoretical issues, leading some researchers to reject the term for that matter, especially those outside the cindynics field. The analysis of the concept also brings out some methodological pitfalls. These are evident when attempting to translate theory into operational terms. Resilience is indeed seen as a promising response to recurrent difficulties in risk management. Nevertheless, it solves them only partially and produces new ones. Lastly, its implementation involves ethical and political risks. The injunction to resilience that seems to prevail internationally is in fact implying a number of moral and ideological assumptions which are not always clearly stated and remain serious issues.

If the child figure in colonial literature generally works to serve the ideological agenda of the latter, he can also subtly disrupt it, as shown in Kipling's famous novel Kim (1901), and also in a work of Indo-English literature that evokes the struggle for Independence: Swami and Friends (1935) by R. K. Narayan. In both novels, the child undermines the ideological framework and ensures the triumph of a literature not so much for children as it is fashioned by childhood: India in Kim appears as an enchanted spatialization of a childhood period during which the colonist’s world, very present in Plain Tales of the Hills, vanishes, while the child protagonist of Swami and Friends allows R. K. Narayan to develop distanced writing, full of irony and suggestion, which will become his style.

Le recueil des Moralités légendaires constitue un objet d’étude de choix lorsqu’on s’intéresse à la manipulation d’unités narratives préconstruites. Nous nous proposons d’analyser la manière dont Laforgue y exhibe les ficelles de la narration, en les désignant à l’attention du lecteur comme des « poncifs », terme qu’il conviendra de définir avec précision. Par cette configuration fondamentale, l’écriture laforguienne sollicite fortement la relation entre narrateur et narrataire tout comme elle interroge en profondeur les modèles génériques et l’horizon d’attente du destinataire.

À travers une approche territoriale menée dans l’agglomération dunkerquoise où sont concentrés pas moins de 14 sites industriels classés SEVESO, nous avons réalisé une étude des outils de gouvernance locale intervenant dans la gestion des risques et pollutions industriels. Nous avons interrogé les formes d’interaction entre les acteurs (entreprises, représentants de la société civile, acteurs institutionnels) et structures (SPPPI, CLIC, CLI…) concernés par ces risques afin de mettre en évidence les modalités de gouvernance à l’œuvre. Comment les acteurs locaux s’organisent-ils pour vivre et se prémunir dans un environnement pollué par les rejets industriels et exposé aux risques ? Qui participe aux modes de gestion institutionnels, dans quelles structures ? Comment les différentes structures de concertation coexistent-elles et comment se structurent leurs interventions dans la gouvernance locale ? Pour répondre à ces questionnements, une analyse des instances de concertation a été réalisée au moyen d’entretiens qualitatifs menés auprès des acteurs locaux y participant. Les entretiens laissent notamment apparaître des attitudes ambiguës à l’égard des structures de concertation implantées sur le territoire. Bien que les participants critiquent les modalités de fonctionnement de ces dispositifs et leur absence de pouvoir décisionnel, le jeu de la concertation pratiqué dans ces instances semble pourtant accepté de tous, chacun y trouvant un intérêt stratégique. Au-delà de la mise en évidence d’une grande asymétrie des rôles et de la légitimité des acteurs, cette analyse des structures de concertation nous livre également une double lecture du jeu des acteurs locaux « multipositionnés » dans des réseaux formels et informels de relations dans lesquels se définissent les règles de la gouvernance locale.

This article is concentrated on the first texts of Merleau-Ponty. It tries to make clear that there is a bodily origin of the culture. It doesn't involve that we are dealing with a biological anthropology of cultural forms. This article can be read as an attempt to show the different expressions of the body and to reveal a new conception of history.

The use of artificial neural networks (ANN) has grown in the last few years in many fields of research, but not in biological anthropology. They are a relevant alternative to current statistics for data processing. This note provides a background for understanding the notion of ANN and describes also few applications close to biological anthropologal topics.

An interview with art historian, researcher, and archaeologist Salvatore Settis is presented. Topics of conversation include his studies and professional career leading to his interest in more than one field including art history, archaeology, and classical art, interdisciplinarity, being the head of the Getty Research Institute (GRI), and the social sciences and the need to promote critical thinking in the current economic climate.

Copyright of Raisons Politiques is the property of Presses de Sciences Po and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In July 2014, the CNFG (French National Committee for Geographers) organized a two-day forum to discuss the relationship between languages, social contexts of scientific production, and the overtly admitted language of scientific exchange, that is, English. It invited all French-speaking geographers, from different "national" and "linguistic" contexts, but also all geographers and geographies interested in sharing their views and experience on the diffusion and production of knowledge in the global context. Indeed, globalization affects both the production and diffusion of scientific knowledge in all regions of the World, where English has become the de facto lingua franca of science. As it is the case in many countries, French geographers are more than ever under pressure to publish in English, and so are their scientific journals. This is often talked about as a fatality or else, as a necessity, in order to make one's work known in world geographic circles. But is there something lost in translation? More importantly, is there something lost in the production of scientific work in the social sciences within a single global language? Those questions go far beyond the simple question of the decline of French as an international language; it raises crucial interrogations such as the normalizing process of "scientific English" in the social sciences, the input of diversity in the global science, the disqualification of "local" case studies, etc. At this Forum, many countries were represented (Belgium, Canada, UK, Germany, Russia ...), which expressed a diverse International experience. The IGU President Vladimir Kolosov and Dieter Soyez of the UGI Executive Board participated. Four round tables were organized: Globalization of knowledge; Global science and the local; Knowledge dissemination; Academic Formation. The account of the Forum and the ideas and proposals that came out of it have been presented at the Congress of the IGU in Krakow in August 2014. The final report will be published in an International journal.