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Spleen and ideal. The concept of the fin’amor in Thomas’ Tristan The concept of fin’amor in Thomas’ Tristan is traditionally subject to two interpretations: either it is glorified as a religion, with lovers as its martyrs, or it is criticized within the framework of Christian principles. This paper proposes an alternative to such interpretative dichotomy: it attempts to prove that glorifying the fin’amor as an ideal does not mean idealizing the lovers. In fact, Thomas judges severely his characters not in the name of Christian religion but in the name of an entirely profane, yet highly spiritual ideal of courtly love. The lovers, although far from being its embodiment, still aspire and refer to it, suffering from their own imperfection. This tension is highlighted by the aesthetics of doubling characterizing Thomas’ writing.

The article analyses the vision of the devil in the selected tales of the Vie des peres, a collection of pious tales from the thirteenth century, freely inspired by patristic literature and medieval exempla. The period in which the collection was written, the thirteenth century, bridges the gap between the early and late Middle Ages: it is a time when the perception of the devil is changing, and he is becoming increasingly feared. The analysis focuses mainly on four stories in which the devil is at the centre of the story, and in which his very image is a source of fear and a key element of the story: ‘Devil’s Mouth’, ‘Devils Vision’ and two versions of ‘Devil’s Image’. The vision of the devil in these stories coincides with the teratological vision that is dominant in the iconography, to which the stories directly allude. The message of these stories is generally positive: the protagonists almost always manage to overcome their fears and free themselves from the power of the devil. In this way, the authors avoid the trap of Manichaeism: the devil, despite his cunning and sophistication, is in the end only a caricature of an angel, unable to oppose God effectively. The fear of the devil appears several times on the pages of Vie des peres, but it is the message of hope that dominates.

The challenges arising due to the construction industry in balancing the development along with ecological concerns are being focussed upon in this paper. The detailed analysis of the materials that are being brought to use as a sustainable material in the constructions sectors is being focussed upon. Since the late 20th century, there have been significant developments in the building industry. Since the population is rising and the need for housing is increasing, all available resources must be employed to satisfy the demand as it stands. This will have a significant long-term effect on the situation since the resources at hand are insufficient to meet the demand. There are many data and trends about sustainable construction approaches that is being developed by the researchers across the world that form the basis of this review study. The work found that associated industries should be encouraged to take part in the seminars, workshops, and other training programs that are organized at various events in order to deepen and improve their comprehension of the concept of sustainable development. The comparison drawn-out in between the conventional and a smart building concludes the benefits of using sustainable methods in the construction industry.

The recent world is being focused on deriving methods for using renewable energy-based systems to meet the energy demands. There are various research areas to be focused upon for making the output from these energy systems more reliable and efficient. The focus of this paper is on examining on such key component, a Unified power flow Controller (UPFC) into solar Photovoltaic (PV) structures to enhance green energy transmission and efficiency. The UPFC structure has the benefits combining the STATCOM and SSSC, which is found to be vital in regulating the active and reactive power flows within the network, ensuring stability amidst system fluctuations. The software MATLAB/SIMULINK is being used for making a 400.0-kW PV-UPFC farm, the study explores the effect of UPFC on enhancing power quality and stability, addressing real-world challenges like harmonics and voltage fluctuations like sags/swells. The work also delves into novel control strategies, consisting of using Proportional-integral (PI) controllers and advanced optimization techniques, to manage the power flow effectively. It can be concluded that the research highlights the UPFC’s capability in mitigating issues inherent in integrating solar energy into the grid, inclusive of voltage rise, reverse power flow, and system instability, by means of showcasing more desirable system voltage profiles and decreased energy oscillations in the designed system.

The escalating use of plastic products alongside rising ambient temperatures has intensified concerns regarding their performance under diverse thermal conditions. This paper delves into the intricate relationship between plastic materials, ambient temperature fluctuations, and resulting stresses. Various grades of plastic materials are subjected to distinct ambient temperatures to elucidate stress generation—a pivotal aspect in plastic product design. Leveraging the finite element method, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to design and assess a plastic product under specified loads and ambient temperatures. The study encompasses the evaluation of equivalent stresses, normal and shear stresses, and deformations. Ultimately, the research culminates in the development and analysis of a thermally stable plastic product, offering valuable insights for robust design practices amidst evolving environmental conditions.

L’article analyse la place du mépris dans Le Roman de Tristan de Béroul. Dès son apparition dans la littérature, l’amour de Tristan et d’Iseut est l’objet d’une double perception : image valorisée du « martyre d’amour » d’une part, et d’autre part celle, nettement moins positive, d’une passion dégradante, voire méprisable. Il est intéressant de constater que le mépris n’apparaît pas seulement dans les œuvres polémiques, mais qu’il est au contraire bien présent déjà dans le texte-source, surtout dans la version de Béroul. Une étude approfondie des termes utilisés pour qualifier la passion (y compris ceux qu’emploient les protagonistes eux-mêmes), l’analyse du jeu de masques et des épisodes qui mettent en scène les situations particulièrement humiliantes, dans lesquelles se retrouvent tous les personnages sans exception, révèle un regard ironique et narquois de l’auteur, et met en valeur une tonalité parfois brutale, voire cynique, de l’œuvre. L’analyse s’organise autour des grands épisodes du récit : le « rendez-vous épié », le déguisement de Tristan en lépreux et le « serment ambigu » d’Iseut (le passage du marais).

In the realm of mechanical engineering, the adoption and integration of cutting-edge technologies promise unprecedented advancements in material science and production processes. This paper delves into the pioneering realm of Advanced Composite Manufacturing leveraging both Additive Manufacturing (AM) and Robotic Techniques. Exploiting the intrinsic merits of AM, such as enhanced design freedom, reduced lead times, and intricate detailing, the research synergizes these advantages with the precision, speed, and repeatability offered by robotic mechanisms. The culmination of these methods allows for the fabrication of composite structures with unparalleled geometrical intricacy and tailored mechanical properties. Key insights from our exploration involve the optimization of AM parameters for composite materials, robotic path planning for efficient layering, and a holistic technique for integrated process control. Experimental evaluations signify marked improvements in terms of strength-to-weight ratios, production efficiency, and repeatability. Our findings pave the way for a new frontier in composite production, holding significant implications for industries ranging from aerospace to biomedical engineering. This study serves as a foundational step towards a paradigm shift in how we perceive and employ composite manufacturing in a progressively digital age.

In the rapidly evolving realm of advanced materials, multifunctional composites have emerged as a pivotal frontier, offering unprecedented capabilities in structural and functional integration. This research delves into innovative manufacturing techniques tailored for the seamless integration of sensors and actuators within these composites. Traditional manufacturing methods often compromise the intrinsic properties of composites when embedding functional elements. To address this, our study introduces a novel approach that synergistically combines additive manufacturing and nanotechnology, ensuring the preservation of structural integrity while enhancing functionality. We demonstrate that through strategic placement and orientation of sensors and actuators, it is possible to achieve real-time monitoring, adaptive response, and self-healing capabilities in the composite structures. The developed techniques not only bolster the mechanical performance but also endow the composites with smart functionalities, paving the way for their application in next-generation aerospace, automotive, and biomedical sectors. This paper elucidates the underlying principles, the meticulous process optimizations, and potential applications, marking a significant stride in the convergence of materials science and intelligent systems.

Despite the restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and unfavorable foreign policy factors, tourism remains attractive to the population of many countries. The desire of a person to “move” in order to see something new, to feel what representatives of other cultures feel, is natural, in line with the logic of the historical development of peoples, and should be welcomed and encouraged at all levels of the state system. The transformation of travel into a mass phenomenon (including travel for tourism purposes) is largely due to almost revolutionary changes in the transport system. In modern conditions, the traveler is more focused on the independent choice of the tour, the alternative ways and means of transportation in an unfamiliar country. This imposes an additional burden on public transport, which must be taken into account when analyzing the potential of the transport infrastructure of the host country. In the main areas of analytical work, special attention should be paid to identifying social preferences of foreign travelers in the field of transport, determining priorities when choosing a travel method. In this regard, the following are relevant: a) the motives for choosing a mode of transportation / mode of transport by a tourist; b) the relationship of ethnic preferences and expectations when choosing a transport service; c) assessment of the emotional characteristics of the choice. Consideration of these issues and some conclusions obtained as a result of experimental work are presented in this paper.

INTRODUCTION: The crude mortality rate due to infectious diseases in India is approximately 417 per one lakh persons and pyogenic infections are one of the significant contributor. Poor antimicrobial stewardship in India has led to an increase in multidrug resistant superbugs in both community as well as hospital settings. The aim of this study was to identify the bacterial etiology of pyogenic infections and to evaluate their antimicrobial resistance profile. METHODS: this is a retrospective observational study from January, 2018 to December, 2018. A total 1851 samples, collected as a part of patient care were included in this study. Specimens were subjected to culture on Blood agar and MacConkey agar media and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. Species identification was done as per standard laboratory protocol. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. RESULTS: of total 1851 samples, culture was positive in 61.54%. A total 70.59%, Gram negative organisms were isolated followed by Gram positive cocci in 45.48%, yeast in 1.05%, coryneform bacteria in 0.79% and in one case, non-tubercular mycobacteria was isolated. Staphylococcus aureus (30.9%) was the predominant organism isolated. Most common multi drug resistant isolates were Klebsiella spp. (74.79%) and Acinetobacter spp. (74.32%). CONCLUSION: this study gives an insight about the prevalence and common etiology of pyogenic infections along with their antimicrobial resistance profile in north western region of India. This study will contribute in formulating antibiotic stewardship program by selecting the antibiograms of pyogenic isolates.

The present study combines a theoretical analysis of youth protest as a special social phenomenon and the results of an empirical study. Based on the empirical study conducted by the authors in the Moscow State University of Technology and Management (First Cossack University), an analysis of the protest activity of youth (students) in the 2010s is conducted. The authors rely on a set of methodological approaches and methods of analysis: conceptual, behaviorist, and socio-cultural approaches, as well as the network approach aimed at understanding the basic constructs of the digital age and digital communications as a new social reality. The authors develop the method of discourse analysis to demonstrate the protest activism being contingent on the rapidly changing conditions. The modern definition of protest is analyzed. The term protestivity is introduced and its heuristic value is substantiated. The distinction between civic activism and protestivity is drawn. The authors explore the preconditions for the formation of protest: youth lumpenization, deprivation (inconsistency between the increased social expectations of young people and the real possibilities for their realization). The manifestations of youth protestivity in the modern conditions increasingly acquiring the structure of network interaction are studied. It is concluded that the repertoire of youth protestivity in a digital society is modifying. The article demonstrates that positive (constructive) forms of protest activity contribute to the formation of a conventional form of interaction between youth and authorities. Involvement in positive forms of activism stops the natural potential of youth protest. The future largely depends on what status the authorities assign to youth.

The wide representation of women at different levels of the education system is not only an indicator of the prestige and status of the teaching profession, but also an important indicator of the socio-cultural and political development of society. The purpose of this article is to analyze the Turkish education system in terms of gender asymmetry. The research problems include: 1) the study of the historical reasons that led to the phenomena of gender asymmetry in certain “zones” and at certain levels of education; 2) the study of the motives for choosing a teaching profession by women of different age groups; 3) determination of the social profile of a Turkish female teacher; 4) the formation of recommendations for overcoming gender asymmetry in the field of Turkish education. Contrary to prejudice, Turkey is not a “gender bounded” country; moreover, its educational system is subject to problems common to the systems of most developed countries. The main ones are: 1) underrepresentation of female teachers in higher education (with a tendency to reduce the gender gap) and 2) underrepresentation of women in leadership positions. Despite the fact that all conditions have been created in Turkey for the professional development of a female teacher, the mentality of the average Turkish woman does not allow her to put her career interests above the interests of her family. This, in our opinion, largely explains the “restriction” of female education at the level of secondary specialized and insufficient “popularity” of higher education. For further study of the manifestations of gender asymmetry, a more detailed study of all stages of the Turkish education system is required, using data from different regions, in particular, from the southeast region. The situation there may differ significantly from the situation in the central regions, and the problem of adapting the education system to regional conditions will be extremely relevant.

In this work a novel pneumatic artificial muscle is fabricated using golden muga silk and silicon rubber. It is assumed that the muscle force is a quadratic function of pressure. Here a single degree of freedom system is considered where a mass is supported by a spring-damper-and pneumatically actuated muscle. While the spring-mass damper is a passive system, the addition of pneumatic muscle makes the system active. The dynamic analysis of this system is carried out by developing the equation of motion which contains multi-frequency excitations with both forced and parametric excitations. Using method of multiple scales the reduced equations are developed for simple and principal parametric resonance conditions. The time response obtained using method of multiple scales have been compared with those obtained by solving the original equation of motion numerically. Using both time response and phase portraits, variation of few systems parameters have been carried out. This work may find application in developing wearable device and robotic device for rehabilitation purpose.

The flow processes around a groyne structure is a complex and challenging topic in computational hydraulics and has brought attention of many researchers in the last few decades. In comparison to experimental studies, numerical modeling can provide more details about the flow characteristics at less cost. In the present work, performances of four simple finite difference schemes, i.e., Lax diffusive scheme, predictor corrector scheme, modified predictor corrector scheme and Beam and Warming scheme are compared in simulation of flow around groyne structure. The numerical results are validated with available experimental data and the best model is found out in terms of accuracy and efficiency.

The reinforcement of ceramic materials with electrically conductive particles increases the overall conductivity of the ceramic material. This allows the ceramic material to be more readily machined using wire electrical discharge machining process. The current work is an approach to identify the machinability of multi walled carbon nanotubes filled alumina composites in wire electrical discharge machining process. Alumina samples of 5 vol. % and 10 vol. % multi walled carbon nanotubes are machined and analysed for material removal rate and the surface characteristics. An increase in material removal rate is observed with increase in filler concentrations. At the same time, better surface roughness is observed. The surface characteristics of composite alumina are further compared with Monel 400 alloy. It has been observed that spalling action is the dominating material removal mechanism for alumina composites, while melting and evaporation is for the Monel 400 alloy.

The Centre for Environment Education (CEE) is partnering the Union Ministry of Tourism (MoT), India, and UNDP India in implementing an endogenous tourism project (ETP) at Sualkuchi. Situated in Assam province, Sualkuchi is the largest village in the Brahmaputra basin and is famous for silk weaving. The project experimented with tourism as an engine of rural development under Indian conditions. Tourist sites entirely managed by local communities were used for the first time under the ETP. Project activities involved rural infrastructure development and capacity enhancement of local communities through institution building, exposure, training and networking for rural tourism management. The project at Sualkuchi faced initial obstacles as the concept was new in this part of the globe. Initially a cross section of the community was reluctant because of their unawareness, lack of skill, poor infrastructure, conservative social system and lack of faith in the socio-political system. Vested interest groups, including local influential persons and decision makers, were opposed to the idea of handing over the project management to the inexperienced community committee. The project, apart from developing tourism, also tried to make it a learning experience for sustainable development. Empowerment of women, promotion of self help groups (SHGs), health camps, sanitation drives, and vocational trainings were the peripheral activities of the project. Out of the total of thirty six ETP sites, fifteen sites are now open for visitors, and approximately 14,000 individuals are involved in these sites. The total income of these sites in 2008 was slightly over INR 48.7 million. In the Sualkuchi site, the income level of at least 80 families has increased by 40%. Today, the local cultural groups are performing at national platforms, the cuisine of Sualkuchi is recognized as one of the best among all the ETP sites in the country, and the villagers are now confident enough to receive tourists from all over the globe.

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