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Nowadays, the Digital Twin (DT) concept is one of the most talked-about topics in the building sector. Previous research has addressed both the definition of DT concept and the development of applications for specific purposes, such as facility and asset management, built environment performance monitoring etc. However, the specificity of such applications reduces both its replicability and understanding. This results in the spread of confusion when approaching such concepts. For this reason, this study explores how DTs can be effectively used for educational purposes. The methods used include the integration of several systems and tools, highlighting different approaches for data integration and capture. The proposed methodology was tested on a real case study, the U-building on the KTH Campus in Stockholm, which is equipped with a Building Management System (BMS). The building is used as a pilot in master courses to allow students to produce a first attempt of using a DT, by connecting real-time monitored data and digital objects. The results show how efficient data communication helps towards the organization and assimilation of complex concepts. Furthermore, the testing of several approaches proves the replicability and flexibility of the method within different environments and for several uses.

The casing damage wells in non oil layers are mainly distributed in the N2 and SI-SII oil shale interlayer, and the casing damage types are mainly deformation and dislocation. The main reason is that the injected water enters into the oil shale, the cementing quality is poor, and it is easy to form an invasion water area after invading along the channeling channel, which reduces the stability of the formation. Under the effect of geostress, the force generated by the formation sliding along the weak surface is directly applied to the casing, causing shear casing damage; The casing damage in the oil reservoir is mainly concentrated in SII1-5 layers, which is analyzed as a result of high pressure water injection and large difference in plane and interlayer pressure; The casing damage on the fault plane is mainly caused by slip caused by water softening on the fault plane and fault activity caused by excessive difference in pore pressure of oil layers on both sides of the fault. This paper expounds the measures taken in daily management from the aspect of casing damage prevention, which provides a basis for the prevention and control of casing damage wells in the future.