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Urinary bladder calculi are rarely seen in women and any history of previous pelvic surgery must, therefore, raise suspicion of an iatrogenic etiology. According to the literature, fewer than 2% of all bladder calculi occur in female subjects and, thus, their presence should provoke careful assessment of the etiology. We report one case of a fragment of Foley catheter balloon as a cause of Bladder stone in 28 years old woman. Weanalyzed the diagnosis, aspect and therapeutic management of this case which is the first described in literature to our knowledge.

Introduction: Inflammatory and sensory chronic bladder diseases have a significant impact on quality of life. These pathologies share alteration of the layer between urine and urothelium, making the use of topical agents appropriate., Objectives: Review the efficacy and tolerance of intravesical treatments for these pathologies. Give practical guidelines for the use of agents currently available in France., Method: A narrative review was performed in March 2021 using PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar and the international guidelines. Pharmaceutical companies and pharmacies were interviewed., Results: Although numerous molecules were tested over the last 5 decades, only dimethylsulfoxyde and glycosaminoglycans are available in France today. Results are promising: response rates are up to 95% and 84% respectively in bladder pain syndrome. In urinary tract infections, glycosaminoglycans could decrease annual number of cystitis by 2.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) -3.86, -1.26; P<0.001) and increase the time to first cystitis recurrence by 130 days (95% CI: 5.84 - 254.26; P=0.04). In radiation cystitis, results could be comparable to hyperbaric oxygen regarding pain and frequency of voiding (-1.31±1.3 visual analogic scale et -1.5±1.4 voiding per day, respectively, at 12 months, P<0.01). However, literature has a low level of evidence., Conclusion: Chronic bladder diseases have limited treatment options. Intravesical agents are a good alternative, although their cost is significant and their outcome uncertain., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)