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Wastewater treatment of machine-building enterprises contaminated with oils, petroleum products and mechanical impurities is an urgent task. A promising direction in the field of treatment of such wastewater is the use of pressure hydrocyclones and hydrocyclone installations. The article presents the results of research on the treatment of oil-containing wastewater of machine-building enterprises in pressure of hydrocyclones, conducted on an experimental hydrocyclone installation, which includes the pressure hydrocyclone under test, a sedative tank, and tanks for receiving water from the upper and lower drains of the hydrocyclone. The studies were carried out in two stages: the first stage was used to determine the diameter of the pressure of hydrocyclone suitable for the treatment of oily wastewater, and the second stage was used to study its geometric characteristics. At the first stage, seven modifications of pressure hydrocyclones with a diameter of 40 to 100 mm with different diameters of the upper and lower drain pipes were tested. A 75 mm diameter hydrocyclone is recommended for the treatment of oily wastewater. At the second stage, nine pressure hydrocyclones with a diameter of 75 mm with different diameters of the upper and lower drain pipes were tested. As a result of the experiments, the design parameters of the hydrocyclone that showed the best results were determined. The results of the research were used in the design of industrial hydrocyclone installations.

Hydrocyclones are devices used in numerous chemicals, food, and mineral-related industrial sectors for the separation of fine particles. A d50 mm hydrocyclone was modelled with the use of the Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, ANSYS® Fluent 2021 R1. The vortex finder depth was varied from 20 mm, 30 mm, and 35 mm to observe the effects of pressure drop and separation efficiency from a varied vortex finder depth and characteristics of the air core. The numerical methods validated the results observed from different parameters such as volume fraction characteristics based on CFD simulations. The tangential and axial velocities increased as the vortex finder length increased. It was found that as the depth of the vortex finder is increased, particle re-entrainment time in the underflow stream increases, and separation efficiency improved.

The purpose of the study is development of a structural scheme of mining-engineering system designed to ensure energy performance of the mine water outflow system. The article reveals the need for research aimed at improving the energy efficiency of the water outflow system by comparing the dynamics of electrical energy consumption and commercial output volume at the mining industry enterprises. A brief overview of the global experience in compensation for growth of electric energy consumption under more difficult mining conditions and mining depth due to the use of innovative technological solutions in the mine water outflow system is given. Scientific novelty of the research is the use of energy, which is bypassed to the underlying horizons of the underground mine, of technological and natural waters to improve efficiency of pumping units by using boost pressure and automated processes of cleaning hydraulic flows from sludge deposits, as well as to reduce the overall operational costs in the water outflow system. The energy-efficient scheme of mine water outflow system that increases energy efficiency of a mining enterprise is substantiated.