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For the parallel hybrid electric vehicle, the various control strategies for energy management are illustrated with the implementation of fuzzy logic. The controller is designed and simulated in two modes for the economy and fuel optimisation. In order to manage the energy in HEV with three separate energy sources—batteries, Fuel cell and a supercapacitor system, —this article intends to create a fuzzy logic controller. By considering a complete system, the operating efficiency of the components need to be optimized. the control strategy implementation will be performed by the forward-facing approach. The fuel economy is optimised by maximising the operating efficiency in this strategy while other strategies does not have this extra aspect. The ability controller for parallel hybrid vehicles is mentioned in this research to enhance fuel economy. Although the earlier installed power controllers optimise operation, they do not fully utilise the capabilities. Hybrid vehicles can be equipped with a variety of power and energy sources such as batteries, internal combustion engines, fuel cell systems, supercapacitor systems or flywheel systems.

Because they fully utilize the filler and matrix features, dielectric composites are a beneficial addition to the family of energy conversion and storage materials. An overview of current advancements in the production of high-performance polymer-ceramic dielectric composites is the goal of this essay. High performance applications, thermal stability, electromechanical energy conversion, solid-state cooling, and capacitive energy harvesting and storage are prioritized. Dielectric composites are produced using new methods such as electrospinning, cold sintering and 3D printing.. The limitations of these approaches as well as their possibilities for further study are covered. In order to develop high- performance dielectric composites, the benefits and drawbacks of popular theoretical computational techniques—such as the phase field model, the finite element model, and machine learning approaches—are investigated. To wrap up this analysis, let me briefly discuss how composite dielectrics will evolve in the future.