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In 2023, the first box girder bridge with strutted wing slabs in Vietnam was put into use in the Ring Road II Viaduct Project in Hanoi. As this is an innovative type of traditional box girder bridges and completely new in Vietnam, prior to the commencement of the project, an experimental program was conducted to check the construction technology and obtain valuable experimental data for design and further numerical analyses. A full-scale girder segment with a width of 18.7 m, a length of 6 m and height of 2.5 m, incorporating steel pipe struts, was fabricated. Three distinct load cases were conducted to investigate the transverse behavior of strutted wing slabs, steel pipe struts and connections under the most unfavorable load conditions at Service Limit State. This paper presents a detailed experimental program with test results. It is shown that with applied loads varying from 1.2 to 1.5 times the service load, both the deck slab and steel pipe struts still exhibited linear manner, maintaining sufficient load-bearing capacity. However, with increased applied load in Load Case 2, cracks occurred along the construction joint region, indicating that attention to construction joint quality in real projects is needed to pay great attention to ensure the integrity of structures. Based on the conducted experiment, some recommendations are proposed for future implementation of such bridge typologies.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: A recurring question in Romani studies is why it is difficult to achieve breakthrough successes in inclusion programs. These programs focus mainly on school subjects, although the role of parents is crucial to solving the problem. This study, therefore, concerns parents and their roles in school success. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The purpose of this study is 1) to reveal how Roma and non‑Roma pupils perceive their parents’ involvement (PI) and 2) to come closer to explaining how PI affects students’ school success under the control of other variables. The analysis sheds light on the views of children of Roma and non‑Roma parents in Hungary. Cross‑tabulation analysis and linear regression analysis were applied. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The database called Discovery of Hidden Value of Mentoring (DHVM) was analysed, which includes data from 13–14‑year‑old students (N = 206; 31.1% Roma, 68.9% non‑Roma). RESEARCH RESULTS: For all school‑based and home‑based PI indicators apart from one (parent–teacher conferences), Roma and non‑Roma parents showed the same results. A student’s disadvantaged financial situation most strongly determined their level of school success, overriding the compensatory effect of PI. The variance explained by the regression model was 30.4%, and the model was significant (F(7) 5.18, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: Although financial disadvantage overrides the compensatory effect of PI on school careers and political entities need much action to improve people’s financial situation, schools and families cannot look only to the outside for solutions. The most significant finding of the research is that there is a hidden resource to improve the school success of Roma pupils, namely PI. Based on the results, the schools are recommended to conduct the partner cooperation with parents, because together they can increase the children’s future opportunities and resilience.

IntroductionLes produits de tabac chauffé sont de nouveaux produits du tabac susceptibles d’attirer les jeunes. Cette étude visait à explorer, dans quatre provinces canadiennes, si la proximité et la densité des détaillants de produits de tabac chauffé autour des écoles secondaires étaient associées à une utilisation de ces produits chez les adolescents. MéthodologieUne recherche menée en ligne entre novembre 2020 et mars 2021 a permis de repérer les détaillants qui vendaient des dispositifs IQOS et des bâtonnets HEETS (conçus pour les dispositifs IQOS) dans des zones tampons circulaires de 500 m, 1 000 m et 1 500 m autour de 120 écoles secondaires ayant participé à l’étude COMPASS 2020-2021. Les données sur la proximité et la densité des détaillants ont été liées à des données transversales sur les élèves (N = 40 636), et des modèles de régression multiniveaux ont été utilisés pour explorer l’association entre, d’une part, la proximité et la densité des détaillants de produits de tabac chauffé et, d’autre part, l’utilisation de produits de tabac chauffé, après ajustement pour les covariables pertinentes. RésultatsSi seulement 10,0 % des écoles étaient situées à moins de 1 000 m d’au moins un détaillant vendant des dispositifs IQOS, 65,0 % d’entre elles étaient situées à proximité d’au moins un détaillant vendant des bâtonnets HEETS. L’école fréquentée par l’élève était responsable de 23,7 % de la variabilité de la probabilité d’utilisation de produits de tabac chauffé. Toutefois, la proximité et la densité des détaillants de produits de tabac chauffé autour des écoles n’ont présenté aucune association significative avec la probabilité d’utilisation de ces produits chez les élèves. ConclusionBien que l’école fréquentée par l’élève soit responsable d’une part importante de la variabilité de l’utilisation de produits de tabac chauffé, ces résultats laissent penser que les élèves pourraient obtenir des produits de tabac chauffé par des sources autres que les commerces de détail. Il faut continuer de surveiller la situation, car l’utilisation des produits de tabac chauffé chez les adolescents est susceptible d’évoluer.

IntroductionHeated tobacco products (HTPs) are novel tobacco products that may appeal to youth. This study explored whether HTP retailer proximity and density to secondary schools were associated with youth use of HTPs in four Canadian provinces. MethodsAn online search between November 2020 and March 2021 identified retailers selling IQOS devices and HEETS (tobacco sticks used in IQOS) within 500 m, 1000 m and 1500 m radius circular buffer zones around high schools (N = 120) participating in the COMPASS study in 2020–2021. Retailer proximity/density data were linked to crosssectional student-level data (N = 40 636 students), and multilevel regression models examined the association between HTP retailer proximity and density and current HTP use, controlling for relevant covariates. ResultsWhile only 10.0% of schools had at least one retailer selling IQOS devices within 1000 m of the school, 65.0% of schools had at least one retailer selling HEETS. The school a student attended accounted for 23.7% of the variability in the likelihood of currently using an HTP. However, HTP retailer proximity to and density around schools were not significantly associated with the likelihood of students currently using HTPs. ConclusionWhile the school a student attended accounted for a significant amount of variability in HTP use, these findings suggest that students may be obtaining HTPs through other, non-retail sources. Continued monitoring is warranted as HTP use among youth may change.

Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been widely used for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in the last decades. To detect damage in the structure, ANN often uses input data consisting of natural frequencies or mode shapes. However, this data is not sensitive enough to accurately identify minor structural defects. Therefore, in this study, we propose to use transmissibility to generate input data for the input layer of ANN. Transmissibility uses output signals exclusively to preserve structural dynamic properties and is sensitive to damage characteristics. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed approach, a cable-stayed bridge with a wide variety of damage scenarios is employed. The results show that the combination of transmissibility and ANN not only accurately detect damages but also outperforms natural frequencies-based ANN in terms of accuracy and computational cost.

In this research, experimental investigation of concrete containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and Superplasticizer (SP) was conducted to study the effect of RAP replacement and SP on some important factors such as slump, water absorption, and density for different concrete mixes. Twenty concrete mixtures were prepared using crushed RAP as a coarse aggregate at different replacement percentages; 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% by weight of natural coarse aggregate (NA). Superplasticizer dosage varied from 0% to 2.1% (liters per 100 kg of cement). The test results showed that the trend of the relationships of slump and water absorption for concrete with RAP and SP were similar to the traditional concrete (100% NA). Higher slump and water absorption were attained for concrete with higher RAP replacement. In addition, higher SP content revealed higher slump and water absorption. The higher increase in slump and water absorption reached to 38% and 25% respectively compared to control concrete (0% SP). However, more inclusion of RAP aggregate resulted in lower density for concrete and no discernable trend was observed between concrete density and SP content across various RAP replacements.

To increase crop production, it is practically important to study the influence of micro fertilizers in the context of organic fertilizers (compost). The effect of micro fertilizers on the yield, quality, and chemical composition of the fruit of the pepper variety was studied in a compost-based cropping trial. It was found that the combined use of organic and micro fertilizer increased pepper yield by 6.67-19.37%. The sugar content in the optimum varieties increased by 1.07-1.31 times, vitamin C by 1.01-1.14 times, ash by 1.02-1.17 times, and cellulose by 1.06-1.44 times compared to the background. The influence of different concentrations of trace element salts on the chemical composition of pepper fruits was also studied. The concentration and chemical properties of micro fertilizing salt solutions were found to influence both the content and accumulation of TE in pepper fruits.

The retrofitting of damaged concrete structures is crucial for maintaining their structural integrity and extending their service life. The present study is carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of titanium dioxide (TiO2) based grouting blended with epoxy coating for retrofitting of damaged concrete structures. TiO2 grouting is used to fill cracks and voids in the concrete, while the epoxy coating is applied over the surface to provide an additional protective layer. The effectiveness of this retrofitting approach is assessed through a series of tests, including compressive strength tests subjected to high temperature, chloride attack, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results show that the TiO2 based grouting improves the strength and durability of the concrete, while the epoxy coating provides a barrier against chloride penetration and other environmental factors. Overall, the combination of TiO2 grouting and epoxy coating proves to be an effective retrofitting solution for damaged concrete structures, offering improved strength, durability, and resistance to environmental degradation. This study highlights the potential of TiO2 based materials in enhancing the performance of concrete structures and extending their service life.

The present research focuses on the different ways that inorganic chemicals can affect processed meat quality and its impact on the Finial food quality. The processed meat products (ham, bacon, frankfurters, sausages, salami, and so on) are treated with food additives to increase its shelf life and/or taste (curing, smoking, salting, or the application of chemical preservatives and additives). One area of focus is the preservation and extension of shelf life and other area is to identify the effects and benefits. By incorporating natural additives, such as essential oils and plant extracts, through nano systems, antioxidant effects and improved properties have been observed when applied directly to meat or during manufacturing processes. Additionally, the general trend is a decrease in the level of sodium chloride of processed meat products. Many studies have looked into the use of NaCl substitutes to limit the pro-oxidant effects and control microbial development, including Potassium Chloride (KCl), K-lactate, Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) and Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2) microspheres and it should be governed to minimise and control the use of inorganic substances to reduce impact to the consumers.

The incorporation of functional ingredients in cheese is a new technology application in the food industry. Black pepper oil and corn oil were purchased from commercial stores and micro-encapsulated with the 0:0 g, 15:0 g, 0:15 g, 7.5:7.5 g named as T1 to T4 respectively and added into the cheese while maintaining the standard process. Prepared samples were put into 175 ml glass bottles and kept for sensory, chemical, and microbiological analyses at room temperature and then chilled. The sensory attributes were examined using the hedonic test. The exception of taste, no significant differences in qualitative attributes was identified in all samples. To assess the shelf life of the product designed for marketability, measurements were made on a regular basis for microbiological characteristics such as total plate count, yeast and molds, and coliforms, as well as chemical data such as pH, moisture content, and titratable acidity. The micro-encapsulated products showed a minimum change in the sensory and chemical attributes therefore, it can be concluded that the microencapsulation technology is useful to produce a better spread cheese.

The purpose of the study was to use microwave technology to extract pure sesame seed oils. The findings of investigations on how microwave treatment affects sesame seed yields for oil and cake are reported. It has been demonstrated that the radiation strength and duration of processing have a major impact on oil production. Studies have shown the possibility of increasing the yield of sesame oil, compared to obtaining oil with preliminary heat treatment of sesame seeds, by 1.97% by treating them with steam and subsequent treatment with microwave radiation for 12 minutes. In these circumstances, the oil output is 33.72%, the cake yield is 66.28%, and the moisture content is reduced to 3.77%. The oil content of the seeds, the intensity of the microwave radiation, and the length of the process are the primary factors affecting the amount of oil released. The best technical parameters have been determined, at which 33.72% of the oil and 66.28% of the cake are extracted.

The restoration of the rose (15th century) of the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris, France, offered a unique opportunity to investigate the color and chemical composition of these emblematic medieval French stained glasses with non-destructive analyses. The obtained results are aimed at complementing the knowledge from art historians and thus together trying to compensate for the total absence of archives on the construction of the rose. Comparison with the glasses of the nave (13th century) reveals an important evolution of the aesthetics based on new types of glasses: new colors and extensive use of flashed glass. The systematic study of the chemical composition of both sides of each glass piece revealed that about half of the studied glasses were flashed. For non-flashed glasses, this comparison allowed evaluating the influence of glass surface weathering, although very moderate, on the composition variability. In light of the variability criteria, the multivariate analysis of the chemical composition allowed inferring that most glasses originate from the same production glasshouse. The new colors result from the original composition of flashed glass, allowing superimposing otherwise incompatible redox states of the coloring transition elements. The comparison with the glasses of the nave reveals the glass technology evolution that occurred over two centuries and allowed the production of new glasses for the medieval glaziers at the eve of the Parisian Renaissance.

Depuis février 2020, le réseau SHS-Pesticides contribue à structurer une communauté de chercheurs en sciences humaines et sociales (SHS) travaillant sur l’objet « pesticides ». Les journées d’études annuelles organisées par ce réseau permettent de rendre compte de la diversité des approches sur la question, de confronter les regards disciplinaires et de mieux faire connaître, aux différents publics intéressés, les travaux en SHS sur cet objet. Nous partons du principe que le croisement des regards disciplinaires sur les pesticides est un moyen de mieux répondre aux enjeux sanitaires, sociaux et environnementaux qu’ils soulèvent. Les deuxièmes journées d’études de mai 2021, dont on donne un aperçu dans cet article, ont été l’occasion de présenter un état des lieux des travaux en SHS réalisés dans le cadre académique français et d’approfondir trois dimensions de la question : les alternatives aux pesticides, les mobilisations sociales autour des questions de pesticides, ainsi que les enjeux de temporalité dans leur gouvernement. Le réseau se structure, il permet de mieux faire connaître les travaux en SHS sur le sujet au sein même de la communauté de recherche mais également auprès des acteurs et actrices des politiques publiques et/ou du milieu associatif.

Located in modern-day eastern Türkiye, Ani was the ancient capital of the prosperous Armenian Bagratid period in the Middle Ages renowned as the “City of 1,001 Churches”. Unfortunately, due to a series of massive earthquakes, shifting trade routes and periodic conflict, Ani’s great buildings were abandoned before the 17th century, leaving the expansive ruins of the city unattended and exposed to the elements. World Monuments Fund (WMF) has maintained a presence at the site in Kars Province, Türkiye since its inclusion on the 1996 World Monuments Watch, which raised international awareness of the need for protection of this significant built fabric. The decades-long project has integrated professionals from Türkiye, Armenia, Iran, Russia and the United States, making the preservation of Ani a truly international endeavor and establishing a model for project-focused international collaboration. This paper sets forth some of the key considerations and components in the establishment of a collaborative preservation that facilitates regional coordination, international cooperation, and global cultural exchange.

This essay examines the way that plague discourse allows two writers, Ovid and Mary Shelley, to contemplate the power of a revolution to transform a civic body. The author focuses initially on Ovid’s rendering of plague on Aegina in Metamorphoses 7, contextualizing it as a response to the changing significance of pietas as well as to the succession crisis faced by the Principate in the 20’s BCE; she interprets King Aeacus’ narrative of the tragedy he witnesses among his people and their replacement by Myrmidons (ant-people) as a cynical response to the Augustan revolution and its ability to implement lasting change in how Roman subjects interact after the prolonged civil wars of the late Roman Republic. The author then turns to Mary Shelley’s The Last Man, in which a plague eradicates all of known humanity except for a single survivor and eye-witness, Lionel Verney. The essay demonstrates that Shelley taps into Ovid’s cynicism regarding the potential for human recovery after widespread devastation as she and her protagonist consider various alternatives for effective governance in England. Shelley’s exploration of the affective bonds born from familial ties (Ovidian pietas) suggest that such ties pose insurmountable problems to implementing permanent transformation within any human social order.

Let $E^n=(\mathbb{Z}/p)^n$ be regarded as the translation group on itself. It is considered as a subgroup of the symmetric group $\mathbb{S}_{p^n}$ on $p^n$ letters. We completely compute the mod $p$ Margolis homology of the Dickson–Mùi algebra, i.e. the homology of the image of the restriction $Res(\mathbb{S}_{p^n}, E^n): H^*(\mathbb{S}_{p^n}; \mathbb{F}_p) \rightarrow H^*(E^n; \mathbb{F}_p)$ with the differential to be the Milnor operation $Q_j$, for $p$ an odd prime and for any $n$, $j$. The motivation for this problem is that, the Margolis homology of the Dickson–Mùi algebra plays a key role in study of the Morava K-theory $K(j)^*(B\mathbb{S}_m)$ of the symmetric group $\mathbb{S}_m$ on $m$ letters. The main tool of our work is the notion of “critical” elements. The mod $p$ Margolis homology of the Dickson–Mùi algebra concentrates on even degrees. It is analogous to the mod $2$ Margolis homology of the Dickson algebra.

Transarterial chemoembolization is a standard locoregional therapy for intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma. The tumour is typically supplied by the hepatic arteries, however, extrahepatic collateral arteries may significantly contribute parasitic blood supply to the tumour. Large and exophytic tumour, subcapsular location, direct invasion and adhesion to adjacent organs, hepatic artery dissection, stenosis and occlusion resulting from multiple embolizations are risk factors of extrahepatic collateral arteries. Understanding the prevalence and prediction of these parasitic supplies on pre-procedural imaging is of utmost importance for optimizing technical and clinical outcomes.

We completely compute the mod 2 Margolis homology of the Dickson algebra $D_n$, i.e. the homology of $D_n$ with the differential to be the Milnor operation $Q_j$, for every $n$ and $j$. The motivation for this problem is that, the Margolis homology of the Dickson algebra plays a key role in study of the Morava K-theory $K(j)^*(BS_m)$ of the symmetric group on $m$ letters $S_m$.We show that Pengelley–Sinha’s conjecture on $H_*(D_n; Q_j)$ for $n\le j$ is true if and only if $n=1$ or $2$. For $3 \le n \le j$, our result proves that this conjecture turns out to be false since the occurrence of some “critical elements” $h_{s_1, \dots , s_k}$’s of degree $(2^{j+1}-2^n) + \sum _{i=1}^k (2^n - 2^{s_i})$ in this homology for $0 and $k>1$.

The energy from the moving seismic waves through a building structure is dispersed by means of dampers. Dampers work by converting the kinetic energy into heat energy, dissipating it into the hydraulic fluid. Damper systems are designed and manufactured to protect structural integrity, reduce structural damage, and prevent injury to people by absorbing energy from earthquakes and minimizing structural deformations. The most effective way to achieve good vibration damping is by tailoring the construction materials such as cement with nanomaterials like Silica, Alumina, Graphene, CNTs, etc. This paper focuses on developing a vibration damper, prepared by cement nanocomposite containing MWCNTs and Carbon fibers. The tests, such as the Impact, Flexural, and Compressive strength tests, are conducted to investigate their energy-absorbing capacity, strength, and durability. The microstructural analysis SEM is performed to know the morphology of concrete mix with MWCNTs and Carbon fibers on damping mechanism. Impact test results indicate that the beams without MWCNTs and CFs exhibited an average energy absorption of 248 J, while those with MWCNTs and CFs absorbed an average energy of 262 J which shows almost 15% more energy absorption. Adding nanomaterials in a cement matrix improves concrete’s frictional damping energy consumption ability and increases structures’ energy-absorbing properties, flexural strength, and compressive strength.