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Most social media platforms – including TikTok, Instagram and Facebook – have adopted video formats as their preferred way of engaging users and generating content. This contribution argues that not only social media video platforms create algorithmically determined feedback loops, but that these platforms conversely form a ‘loop of loops’. Each platformised loop connects to the others through processes of translation and transformation, where the infrastructural logic and the aesthetic grammar of the platform combines with the one of the video loops. The emergence of a ‘loop of loops’ breaks with the previous text- or image-centred approach to social media content. In order to understand its appearance and functioning, the ‘loop of loops’ must be contextualised in what Kornbluh (2024) has defined the style of Too Late Capitalism, that is immediacy. From this, it derives that the ‘loop of loops’ requires a constant overflow of media and production, which is functional to the compulsive, quick-paced, potentially infinite and extenuating doom scrolling. The contribution then concludes by reflecting on the frictions and leaking which enable micro-forms of resistance against the loop of loops.

The article identifies, systematizes the decisions taken by the Georgian Competition and Consumer Agency regarding digital markets/competition and reviews the practices established by the Agency based on the said decisions. The introduction of the article highlights the significant challenge of modern competition law, which implies that competition law does not exist independently of era and context, and it is important that competition law and its enforcement mechanisms function effectively in the conditions of the modern digital economy. The article then defines the digital economy and describes two of its key features, (big) data and digital platforms. A number of theoretical problems are then mentioned which may hinder the effective enforcement of competition law in relation to similar economic agents/markets. The main part of the article will concern the review of the decisions made by the Competition Agency in relation to online markets and digital platforms. Since there are currently no special legislative or by-law norms necessary for the effective enforcement of competition law in the digital age, the Competition Agency is guided by the general legislative framework regulating competition law to resolve similar issues. The analysis of the decisions revealed that the practice of the Agency develops in the direction of only two: (I) unfair competition (II) agreements restricting competition, and currently there is no, for example, a decision of the Competition Agency regarding the abuse of a dominant position by digital platforms.

This article focuses on one of the few dramas of Matei Vișniec analysing the effects of war (in this case the Yugoslavian one) on the innocents. It is through their superposing voices that the dramatist expresses all the horror and conflict, also utilizing characters that coincide in one person and that are different to one another by intentions and by “sources”. The victim and protagonist assume – willingly or not – two incorporeal voices, the foetus’ and the Balkan’s men. All of this happens inside the context of the Yugoslav war (1991-2001), which forced many to flee abroad to escape persecutions dictated by a profound and unbridled political hate.

(Series Information) European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2023 8(2), 879-900 | Article | (Table of Contents) I. Setting the scene. – II. The (more than) discreet charm of EU agencies. – III. The evolution of the European regulatory space: the EU Green Deal as a transformative project. – IV. The European Environment Agency within the institutional architecture of the Green Deal: role and functions. – V. The EU Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change as a multifunctional independent body: a taxonomy and its implications. – VI. The “external” dimension: increasing cross-fertilisation of climate change governance. – VII. The “internal” dimension: a thorny cohabitation with the European Environment Agency. – VIII. The integration of independent scientific expertise into the regulatory process: legitimising force or disputable “epistemic leadership”? – IX. Conclusions. | (Abstract) The Article aims to investigate the relevance of the EU agency model in the evolving European legal order and test its enduring ability to provide a functional and normative response to the complex challenges the EU is facing, first and foremost the achievement of climate neutrality, the macro-objective at the heart of the European Green Deal (EGD). By its long-term vision, latitude and regulatory effort, the latter has the capacity to determine a deep impact on the EU and its regulatory space. The analysis of the dynamics, governance arrangements, policy options and legal developments that characterise the EGD can thus represent an interesting “litmus test” for measuring more general trends and transformations in the European legal order and, in cascade, its administrative system. In light of these premises, the essence of the argument is as follows. Within the climate neutrality regulatory framework, a subtle functional downsizing of the European Environment Agency occurred due to the recent creation of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, a multifunctional independent scientific body that should act as a point of reference for the EU on climate change issues. While testifying to the Union’s ever-growing confidence in the independence formula, now experienced in climate neutrality realm, its establishment represents a significant and challenging development, capable of deeply impacting future EU climate policy-making, yet also triggering a series of tensions within the EGD political project.

Introduction. Road traffic injuries are a global public health challenges and a leading cause of death and disability. This study examines the relationships between road traffic accident involvement, driving behaviors, and drivers’ attitudes towards traffic safety in Georgia. Material and methods. Behavior of two hundred Georgian drivers were reported using a self-administered questionnaire. The criteria for inclusion in the study were residency of Georgia and at least one year of driving experience. Results. A total of 200 Georgian drivers were interviewed. 59% of study participants felt that the road safety had not improved at all over the past ten years. 94% of respondents were involved in a road traffic accident as a driver. 99% of male drivers and 84% of female drivers have been fined for speeding in the last three years. 95% of males and 51% of females have experienced driving under the influence of alcohol once, and 2% of males and 43% of females have never driven under the influence of alcohol. Conclusions. The study demonstrated that alcohol consumption, the use of mobile phones while driving and high speed are very common among drivers in Georgia.

The present paper explores the change of the harmful factors by means of full-scale numerical models. In the numerical models, the tunnel length is 400 m; the slope gradient varies within 0-9%, with a 2% step; and the heat release rate is within 5-50 MW. The outdoor air temperature on the models was assumed to be 20℃, while the pressure difference between the portals on different models varied depending on the slope, and the variation range was 50-400 Pa. The modeling results show that the propagation of the harmful factors is characterized by stabilization as demonstrated by the fact that the distance of descending propagation of the harmful factors decreases for each specific tunnel gradient and eventually shows a pronounced asymmetry with respect to the seat of fire. This confirms the preferential and pronounced ascending movement of the ventilation flow with toxic products of combustion. Thus, the worst results during the natural ventilation are expected for ascending flows. Based on the isolines of temperature, as well as the concentrations of carbon monoxide and oxygen, the gradient factor can be calculated, which can be used to design ventilation systems for engine tunnels, ensure their safe operation and save human lives during the fire.

This contribution is focused on the famous and interesting drama written by the playwright Matei Vișniec and especially on the peculiarities of the communist psychiatric clinics. By the means of anthropology, this contribution hopes to shed a light on the hidden movements that concerns the management of these institutions, and on how the patients/prisoners were able to resist to some of the most disturbing hardships that were common in that period and in those places. This analysis has been conducted scene by scene, and presents therefore some in depth personal observations, accompanied by studies of great solidity directly regarding the drama but also analysing the general situation (like, for instance, some essays of Michel Foucault and Erving Goffman) that allow a bird-eye observation of the anthropological dynamics on stage. The analysis may as well result in new ways of though on this pièce and maybe even in some interesting debates, although the drama itself is not so recent. The primary goal is to demonstrate how the primigenial vein of the Absurd, present in Vișniec, has become much more bounded to history itself, and to stress out the strong ethicality of the drama.

The study assesses the role of digitalization in boosting corporate competitiveness, attaining food security goals, and promoting sustainable development, and justifies necessity for digital transformation in Georgia's agricultural sector. Based on bibliographic research, it summarizes many scientists' perspectives on digitization concepts and methodologies; Investigates the process of digital transformation in Georgia's agricultural industry, and the goals of adopting digital technologies as well as the impediments to digitization; defines the state’s involvement in the digital transformation of the agricultural sector; offers the needs of the digital transformation of the agricultural sector. The impact of the number of internet and social media users on productivity has been determined by the linear multiple regression model. The study represents conclusions on the challenges of digital transformation of the agricultural sector of Georgia, along with the recommendations for future areas of digitization development.

Moral norms date back centuries. In a specific time and space, morality took a higher place than codified legal norms. The development of law has led to the fact that today codified acts have a predominant place in legal proceedings, although due to the important place of moral rules in society, the legislator did not deny its importance in the Civil Code of Georgia. On the one hand, taking into account the role of morality in society and reinforcing its importance with the Civil Code is a positive fact, however, on the other hand, it is important to assess how correct it is to reinforce it in its current form, as well as how much power it gives the court in order to limit the fate of transactions con- cluded within the autonomy of the will of individuals. While the consideration of moral rules should respond to the demands of society, its abstract and unclear content creates the possibility of excessively restricting the freedom of individuals when concluding a contract with the norms of morality unknown to a person. By discussing the selected issue, it becomes possible to analyze and evaluate the challenges and problems in Georgian litigation. The question to be discussed is: is the strengthening of morality a positive factor, or it can negatively affect the fate of the deals made by the autonomy of the will of individuals and limit their freedom.

For the Spanish, the beginning of the eighteenth century was marked by the accession of a new dynasty to the Spanish throne: the Bourbons. The arrival of the Duke of Anjou saw a change in the ceremonies and etiquette of the royal household, which also included the cultural transfer of l’habit à la française. Interpreted as a reception, assimilation or even adoption, the question of dress has for years occupied historiography, which sees the coronation of the first Bourbon as a milestone in the modernisation of the apparatus and appearances of the Spanish court. This study analyses how this model of dress was transferred to the court of Philip V and what its impact was. The Versailles costume aroused debate and divided the nobility. Drawing on Spanish royal and national archives, we will see how, after the enthronement of the first Bourbon, this attire became the determining factor in gaining access to and favour from the monarch. In keeping with the custom in Versailles, this attire embodied a form of distinction reserved for a certain elite at the palace.

Nella primavera del 1907 la scrittrice britannica Anne MacDonell e la pittrice inglese Amy Atkinson realizzarono un viaggio attraverso gli Abruzzi, il cui resoconto, intercalato da acquerelli, fu pubblicato nel libro In the Abruzzi a Londra nel 1908. Le descrizioni dei paesaggi, degni di assurgere a scenari di opere letterarie concepite in età romantica, e le digressioni sui monumenti e sugli oggetti d’interesse storico-artistico della regione, filtrate tramite il paradigma dannunziano, rappresentano un osservatorio privilegiato per comprendere le caratteristiche di un racconto che fu recensito dai contemporanei come un “romance of a romantic country”.

The Word "Progress": Is There Life Beyond Death? Is There Life Beyond War? This article’s purpose is to analyze as thoroughly as possible one of the most interesting dramas of the well-known French-Romanian dramatist Matei Vişniec. This work is based on some of the most horrible events that happened during and after the Yugoslavian wars and it narrates a global experience – on many semantic levels and utilizing hermeneutical instruments – throughout the story of a single family, making, in the process, stand out in a clearer way the rich relations between the living and the phantasmatic category of the “living-dead” that continues to communicate with the former. I’ve operated, to shed a light on those phenomena, an analysis based on some anthropological studies that take in exam the violence’s dynamics, but also, of course, I’ve used many auxiliary studies published in Italy and France, that analyze more in detail the drama in question. But the peculiarity of my study is to apply some of the anthropological aspects of war and to collocate this work in the context in which it belongs, demonstrating also how the dramatist has done some thorough research before composing the drama. Article history: Received 15 July 2022; Revised 2 November 2022; Accepted 11 November 2022; Available online 20 December 2022; Available print 30 December 2022. REZUMAT. Cuvântul „progres”: Există viața după moarte? Există viața după război? Scopul acestui articol este de a analiza în profunzime una dintre cele mai interesante piese ale cunoscutului dramaturg franco-român, Matei Vișniec. Demersul critic pornește de la unele dintre cele mai tragice evenimente care au avut loc în timpul războaielor balcanice din anii ’90 ai secolului trecut și oferă o interpretare completă, pe mai multe paliere de semnificație, folosind instrumente de lucru proprii mai multor direcții hermeneutice, cu privire la o experiență limită filtrată prin povestea unei familii, cu implicații bogate semantic asupra relației dintre personaje vii și o categorie fantasmatică de morți-vii, care continuă să comunice cu primele menționate. Pentru a pune în lumină aceste fenomene, am întreprins o analiză bazată pe unele studii antropologice care abordează la nivel teoretic dinamica violenței, comentând apoi în detaliu drama, după o atentă evaluare critică a unui corpus de literatură auxiliară (recenzii, studii), publicată în Italia și Franța. Originalitatea perspectivei pe care o propun constă în aplicarea unor chei de lectură și aspecte specifice antropologiei culturale, utile înțelegerii mecanismelor războiului, cu scopul de a plasa opera în contextul căruia îi aparține, documentând în același timp modul în care dramaturgul însuși a întreprins cercetări ample în vederea compunerii acestei piese. Cuvinte-cheie: dramă, războaie balcanice, deposedare fizică, „capitalism sălbatic”

“Minhas reivindicações? Liberdade” (Andrade 2019: 11). Em meio ao processo de modernização de São Paulo, processo repleto de contradições e conflitos, Mário de Andrade publica sua Pauliceia desvairada, obra complexa, que articula elementos da cultura de massa e da cultura popular para elaborar uma arte de vanguarda brasileira. Neste trabalho, propomos que o livro de 1922, tão próximo da lógica e da estética da reprodutibilidade técnica, pode ser entendido como uma via de estudo da emergência do kitsch no Brasil. Essa proposição se sustenta pela leitura de alguns poemas e do Prefácio interessantíssimo, mas também se ampara na elaboração teórica feita em A escrava que não é Isaura (1925) e no lançamento de Klaxon (1922). O que sobressai é a ambivalência das posições em jogo: em Mário de Andrade encontramos o desvairismo como defesa vanguardista e aristocrática de uma arte genuína; mas também notamos a emergência do kitsch, marcada pela sedução dos clichês e pelo mascaramento performático que, diante das massas, esvazia qualquer essência, dos sujeitos e dos objetos.

The purpose of this article is to present one of the most problematic issues in the Civil Code of Georgia, which is manifested in the confusion of the institution of subrogation in insurance law with such institutions as cession and the condition of regression. They are close in content to each other, and this fact makes it difficult to see differences between them. Seeing the difference in content between them has not only theoretical but also practical significance, as each institution is characterized by a different legal outcome, and in each specific case, the proper qualification of the relationship is crucial. One of the most practical different legal consequences of the given institutions is revealed in the different terms of the statute of limitations. For example, until 2012, it was unknown to the Georgian court that the statute of limitation of a subrogation starts from the period when the insurer has the right to claim damages against the insurance underwriter. Before then, it was an unknown fact that, different from regression, only legal relationship is established with one obligation in subrogation. In this article, we have discussed the distinctive features of subrogation, cession, and the condition of regression, and the accompanying legal consequences. We have discussed the decisions of the Supreme Court of Georgia, which discuss the differences in the content and results of the above-mentioned institutions. As a result, it was revealed that the practice of the Civil Court of Georgia before 2012 was unknown about the institution of subrogation, which is a really signifi cant problem. It can be said that a uniform practice of the Supreme Court has been established at the Subrogation Institute and the problems that existed before have been solved.

The text, delivered orally at the first presentation of Camila Sosa Villada’s 2019 novel, works as a timely and evocative long review, focusing on the author’s profound reconfiguration of the canonic representations of the transvestite universe within the Latin American context. The focus, here, falls on language, the mischievous language of the protagonists that, intertwining transphobic testimony and baroque imagination, fictionally reconfigures the limits of the real.

The article aims to study the versified short novel El mal fin de Juan de buenalma in Alonso Jerónimo de Salas Barbadillo’s collection Corrección de vicios. On the one hand, it analyses its structure y generic mixture; on the other hand, it examines the main character’s descriptio personarum, which follows the models of encomiastic pseudo-Ciceronian and legal description.

In this study, we have developed a predictive model for debris flows using machine learning techniques on a detailed dataset composed by a variety of geomorphological and hydro-meteorological variables. The variables of the dataset were collected from daily measured and modelled data for all of the drainage basins in which at least one debris-flow event was generated during the time period considered (2009-2019). The performances of the models obtained with different machine learning techniques were evaluated with the ROC analysis. The most suitable model was then experimentally implemented in the existing early warning system of the Aosta Valley Region. The model provides daily values of debris-flow probability (DFP) for individual basins, based on the input geo-morphological and hydro-meteorological variables. These results can be used to issue specific debris-flow alerts at the scale of the alert areas of the region.

Within this article, we’ve considered the disposition of the Article 16 of the Civil Code of Georgia, its aim, and connection with human rights protected under the Constitution. After analyzing case law and scientific literature, it seems that it is possible to limit the legal capacity of a person at the age of majority, if the adult abuses alcohol or narcotic substances and by doing so, puts his/her family in material hardship, however, it’s unclear why it is necessary to limit legal capacity for only alcohol and drug users. Meanwhile, Georgian legislation, with other means of law obliges a person to care for his/her family’s material condition. If a person avoids undertaking the obligation to pay maintenance, it is possible to force him/her to pay it according to the decision of a court. (Court can demand a person to fulfill the obligation to pay maintenance for his/her family members in order to prevent material hardship). The purposes of provisions that are limiting legal capacity are vague (GCC Article 16, Chapter of Special Proceeding of Civil Procedure Code of Georgia), it’s possible to protect a family’s material condition without imposing these measures while not limiting a person’s constitutional rights. In the article, we’ve also discussed the premises of limiting legal capacity and consequences, when there is a possibility of violation of human rights protected by the constitution such as human dignity, right to free personal development, right to equality, and right to property. It is possible that family members may be engaged in material hardship not only by the person who has an addiction to alcohol and drugs but also by a person with no such characteristics. Accordingly, it is wrong and unequal to limit legal capacity only for persons, which have an addiction to illegal substances and alcohol. Besides, the achievement of the legitimate aim, under the GCC Article 16, is possible by the less intrusive measures.

Questo saggio intende analizzare il principio di pubblicità e la sua importanza nei procedimenti civili. La ricerca, seguendo un metodo comparatistico, mette a confronto l’esperienza giuridica tedesca e quella georgiana, che della prima è un prodotto, evidenziandone similitudini e differenze, per offrire delle raccomandazioni sui futuri sviluppi del diritto processuale civile della Georgia. / 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑦 𝑎𝑖𝑚𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠. 𝐼𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑐ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑑 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑎 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐺𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐺𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑎𝑤 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐺𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑎𝑤. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐺𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐺𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒. 𝐴𝑙𝑙 𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑙𝑙, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑦 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑤 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑢𝑔𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑒𝑤 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑤.

Em conferência intitulada “The Master’s Tool Will Never Dismantle The Master’s House” (1984), a escritora afro-americana Audre Lorde declara ser preciso forjar novas ferramentas que contribuam para a desconstrução do racismo que, historicamente, subalterniza diversos grupos sociais. Partindo dessa proposta, utilizamos o referencial da Análise do Discurso de Maingueneau e Bakhtin, especialmente a linguagem-intervenção, e o conceito de Bassnett e Lefevere de tradução como reescrita para refletir sobre os efeitos de subjetividade em traduções que, por serem produzidas por pessoas que fazem parte de grupos marginalizados, têm a possibilidade de subverter a lógica das traduções realizadas por grandes editoras. Dessa forma, analisamos a tradução do referido discurso de Lorde para a língua portuguesa feita por Tatiana Nascimento — mulher, negra e lésbica —, com o objetivo discutir novas possibilidades de construção de realidades e subjetividades que podem ser produzidas a partir do que chamamos “traduções marginais”.

The present paper explores various issues related to the use of the graphic novel as an educational tool, within the paradigms of formative assessment, through an experiment carried out in English and Portuguese at Aix-Marseille University. In a graphic novel, linguistic phenomena can be studied in a narrative context, and more easily memorized thanks to iconography. Since the graphic novel is mainly the autobiographical expression of a given space and time, it seems natural to use – besides active learning methods – a strategy based on a comparison between what can be regarded as the norm and various speech registers which are to be found in abundance in this medium, such as oral discourse and dated expressions.

In the pandemic disease caused by Sars-Cov-2 virus, trauma surgery continued the management of patients with fractures. The purpose of the study is to evaluate mortality and morbidity in orthopedic trauma patients surgically treated with a diagnosis of COVID-19 infection, comparing them to a control group of COVID-19 negative. We retrospectively identified patients admitted to our Emergency Room from March 8th to May 4th 2020 (time frame corresponding to the first wave of the pandemic peak, one of the most severe in the world at that time) with a diagnosis of fracture that were subsequently surgically treated. We applied a dedicated pathway for the management of COVID-19 trauma patients allowed to perform an early surgery and short hospitalization. For each patient included demographics, clinical, laboratory, radiological data and type of treatment for COVID-19 infection were collected. 65 patients were identified. Of those, 17 (6 women and 11 men, mean age 63.41 years old, mean ASA grade 2.35) were COVID-19 positive (study group), while the others were control group (mean age 56.58 years old, mean ASA grade 2.21). In the study group, the preoperative laboratory tests showed leukocytosis in six and lymphopenia in 15 cases. Fourteen patients had a high level of C-reactive protein. Fifteen patients had an abnormal level of D-dimer. The mortality recorded was 5.8% and 4.1% in the study and control group respectively. Perioperative adverse events were registered in 5 cases (29.4%) in the study group and in 8 (16.6%) in the control group (p > 0.05). Dedicated COVID-19 trauma pathway with the aim of an early surgery could be key for a better result in terms of mortality and morbidity. Age and ASA grade could represent independent risk factors for perioperative complications.

Two narrative structures dominated the 17th century French prose: the ordo artificialis during the Baroque period, followed by the ordo naturalis in the Classical period. Many novels written in the first half of the century take inspiration from Heliodorus’ Aethiopica (The Ethiopian Story), following the first type of order, they open in medias res with the description of a mysterious event that arouses suspense, and that will be subsequently clarified by means of an analepsis, i.e. in the form of a retrospection. While novels written in the second half of the century also open in medias res, the event they begin with is not enigmatic, and the narrative proceeds in chronological order. However, the latter order does not preclude suspense, because the reader is still anxious to discover the outcome of the story. This kind of stories are characterized by prospection. Two novels written by the same author –Madame de La Fayette– exemplify these narrative structures: Zayde, histoire espagnole (1670-1671), which belongs to the first type; and La Princesse de Clèves (1678), which belongs to the second type.

O presente artigo reúne campos de investigação distintos, mas, complementares, ao aproximar história, relações étnico-raciais e estudos da linguagem. Nosso objetivo principal foi discutir o modo como os enunciados produzidos sobre o artista brasileiro, Tony Tornado, contribuem com a produção e reprodução de discursos racistas em nosso país. Para tanto, selecionamos notícias, artigos e reportagens publicados entre os anos 1970 e 1972 em revistas e jornais brasileiros. Nos debruçamos, também, na análise de pareceres da Censura, que evidenciam o “perigo” que Tony Tornado representava à certa estabilidade política e social do governo militar, pois, ao iluminar o problema da discriminação racial, o músico questionava o discurso de democracia racial, tão propalado no Brasil daqueles anos. Em nossa busca pelos efeitos de sentido, elegemos a análise do discurso enquanto referencial teórico e metodológico. Nessa direção, questionamos os enunciados produzidos sobre Tony Tornado e estivemos atentos às estratégias e marcas discursivas presentes nas revistas, nos jornais e nos pareceres da Censura. A análise do corpus nos permitiu identificar a construção de certa cadeia discursiva, e nos levou a compreender que a figura pública de Tony Tornado foi construída, também, com base no racismo. Palavras-chave: Tony Tornado. Ditadura. Racismo. Mídia impressa. Discurso.

A 68 years old man was brought to the resuscitation room of our hospital following a fall from height. During the FAST-US free liquid in abdomen was found. An angio-CT (A, B, C) was performed showing a displaced T12 fracture in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with a dangerous compression on the descending aorta by the displaced anterior wall of the fractured vertebra. This finding suggested high risk of iatrogenic aortic lesion during the surgical reduction of the fracture. Therefore, combined vascular and spinal surgery was deemed necessary. An inflatable balloon was placed endovascularly ready to stop the eventual bleeding and an endovascular prosthesis was ready to be positioned to repair the vascular lesion during the spine surgery. In this way, fracture reduction and fixation was safely performed. Aortic injury associated to thoracic spine fracture in AS is uncommon but potentially fatal. Due to the inflammation and adventitial scarring, the aorta can become tethered to the anterior longitudinal ligament and thus is subjected to shearing forces in an acute trauma. The fracture is generally associated to hyperextension mechanism, largely due to preexisting kyphotic deformity and there is a strong association with unstable B like-chance fractures. Undiagnosed vascular compression could be very dangerous leading to fatal dissection during spine surgery with mortality approaching 60%. In conclusion, spine injuries for vertebral fracture in patient with AS should be considered insidious and at risk of dramatic vascular lesion. Angio-CT and multidisciplinary management should be considered mandatory in cases of displaced fractures.

The results of numerical modeling in longitudinal ventilated sloping road tunnels are given. The slope of the tunnels varies in the range of 0-6%. The geometry of the tunnel is as follows: length: 100 m; width: 8 m; height: 6 m; area of the seat of fire: 16 m2. The seat of fire sized: 2.75x5.8x1.5 m is in the central part of the tunnel. The scenarios of development of 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 MW fires are studied in the case of positive and negative directional ventilation flows. The time of modelling was 120 seconds. The numerical problems were modelled with a volumetric grid method. The grid cell dimensions were: 0.5*0.5*0.5 m. Virtual point and volumetric measuring equipment was used to record the modeling results. The modelling used 4 groups of measuring devices that measured and recorded air velocity, temperature, and air and smoke densities. The paper discusses cases of algebraically summarizing the ventilation and fire-induced flows. Based on the results of numerical modeling, we can point out that the widely accepted indices of critical velocity and back-layering length in inclined road tunnels often give erroneous results. Therefore, in strategies for emergency ventilation, indicators such are critical velocity and back-separation should be used with caution.

Thermochemical water splitting processes based on Sulfur-Iodine cycle can be conveniently improved using solid intermediates, in order to increase the global yield and avoid the use of concentrated acid at high temperatures. In this context, an innovative process has been conceived, where a metal oxide, namely NiO, is reduced into oxygen and the correspondent metal, which can be suitably stored and reacted with steam into hydrogen when and where necessary. Data previously obtained and published, together with the integration of experimental results have been used to evaluate the technical feasibility and the heat duties of each step of the proposed cycle. The starting point was a Nickel compounds based process already extensively characterized, which has been modified using low toxic Iron (III) species as intermediates for oxygen formation. Based on the theoretical and experimental analysis carried out, the resulting cycle thermal efficiency is quite promising, about 19%, also taking into account the hydrogen generation step.

All main and auxiliary equipment in the tunnel with an intelligent ventilation system are designed to ensure the safety. These systems “talk” and “listen” to each other, make decisions to switch on/off certain system(s) or part(s) thereof and duly inform the tunnel operator, who is authorized to the centralized control of all systems of necessity. The present article uses the numerical models to assess the efficiency of the transformable elements ensuring safe operation of the tunnels. The idea of their use is based on an artificial increase of the tunnel aerodynamic resistance by means of a flexible element, which will hamper the dissemination of combustion products, but not the movement of people through the tunnel and will help isolate clean and polluted air masses. Such resistance will be used to swiftly divide the tunnel carriageway into smaller sections what will help extinguish the fire as early as at its initial stage, prolong the evacuation time and save lives during the strong uncontrollable fires. As for the compact transformable element, it can be used in both, the operating and the planned tunnels, as it in practice does not reduce the volume of valuable underground space.

Tendo em vista o crescente aumento do racismo a partir do início do atual governo, como pesquisadoras, entendemos ter o dever ético-político de trazer essa discussão para o âmbito acadêmico. Neste artigo, articulando Estudos Literários e Estudos da Linguagem, propomos uma reflexão sobre escrevivências de poetas negras contemporâneas, com o objetivo de iluminar o debate sobre a linguagem como forma de controle, apagamento, deslegitimação, mas também de legitimação de vozes negras na literatura, assim como na sociedade brasileira. Para tal, abordamos a poesia slam - que dá um novo significado às palavras e às vidas dessas mulheres negras - por meio de uma análise do poema “Na ponta do abismo”, de Carol Dall Farra, publicada no livro Querem nos calar: poemas para serem lidos em voz alta (2019), organizado por Mel Duarte.

La riforma del Terzo settore realizza l’esigenza di dare veste sistematica alla disciplina degli Enti del primo libro del codice civile perseguendo logiche autonome dal codice civile. Tuttavia, il successo dell’iniziativa dipenderà dall’analisi costi / benefici che ciascuna organizzazione non profit svolgerà prima di assoggettarsi alle regole del Codice del Terzo settore. / 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑝𝑒 𝑎 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑏𝑜𝑑𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑛-𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑗𝑢𝑠𝑡 𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑡𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝐵𝑜𝑜𝑘 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐶𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑙 𝐶𝑜𝑑𝑒. 𝐻𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑙𝑦 𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 / 𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑛𝑜𝑛-𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑑 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝐶𝑜𝑑𝑒.

A noção de presença provoca um intenso debate no campo das artes cênicas atuais. Este texto apresenta um panorama das teorias recentes e propõe uma abordagem ao estudo da presença sob o prisma das epistemologias das práticas do corpo e do gesto, bem como da noção de afeto (Massumi, 1995; 2015). A análise do espetáculo Ouverture Alcina, um solo da companhia italiana Teatro delle Albe, faz uma releitura da presença como restituição de um trabalho físico, performativo e composicional, um dispositivo de construção de um discurso político através da experiência perceptiva do espectador.

This article focuses on one of the few dramas of Matei Vișniec analysing the effects of war (in this case the Yugoslavian one) on the innocents. It is through their superposing voices that the dramatist expresses all the horror and conflict, also utilizing characters that coincide in one person and that are different to one another by intentions and by "sources". The victim and protagonist assume - willingly or not - two incorporeal voices, the foetus' and the Balkan's men. All of this happens inside the context of the Yugoslav war (1991-2001), which forced many to flee abroad to escape persecutions dictated by a profound and unbridled political hate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few years, several Western countries have witnessed the emergence of populist political formations. The article situates these developments in the context of the post-2008 recession austerity politics, and argues that the emergence of populist platforms reflects a 'crisis of hegemony' of the neoliberal paradigm of capital accumulation that had dominated Western capitalist societies since the mid-1970s. Focusing specifically on recent developments in the United States under Trump’s presidency, the article argues that we might be entering an age of 'authoritarian neoliberalism' in which capital accumulation is sustained less through consensus and more through coercion—namely, in the form of increasing criminalization, discipline, and surveillance of “undeserving” social groups.

Cumbe (2014), de Marcelo D'Salete, es una novela gráfica que retrata la resistencia de los negros esclavizados durante el período colonial en Brasil, desde sus perspectivas. En este artículo, abordamos la traducción de Cumbe al inglés: Run for It: Stories of Slaves Who Fought for Their Freedom (2017). Al considerar las relaciones entre lenguaje, traducción y cuestiones étnico-raciales, nuestro objetivo es comprender cómo las elecciones del traductor y la recepción de la obra construyen sentidos en su contexto de publicación. Para esto, analizamos los paratextos que componen el libro (portada, contraportada, notas a pie de página, entre otros) y fragmentos seleccionados de la obra. Como marco teórico y metodológico usamos los estudios descriptivos de la traducción (Lambert y Van Gorp, 1985; Toury, 1995; Bassnett y Lefevere, 1990; Tymoczko, 1999) en diálogo con los Estudios Culturales (Tymoczko, 2007) y los estudios del discurso (Bakhtin, 2000; Rocha, 2014; Maingueneau, 2008). Los principales resultados apuntan a determinadas estrategias de traducción que proponen sentidos con el objetivo de didactizar la experiencia de lectura del texto en su nuevo contexto y suavizar la opresión racial impuesta a los esclavizados en Brasil, tal como fue retratada en la obra de D’Salete.

The article considers the problems in the field of logistic system management and analyzes the role of marketing communications in solving these problems. Based on the research, it was found that marketing communications can improve the connections established between the individual links of the logistics chain, which determines the effectiveness of the entire economic system and the degree of integration. Relevant research has not been conducted yet in the country, therefore, effective utilization of the concluded recommendations will help to raise the level of management of transport hubs in Georgia. The results of the study can be used by companies working in the field of international maritime transport, air, rail and road. It is assumed that if European and Asian producers increase the shipment of their products through our country from Europe to Asia or vice versa, the effective use of Georgia’s transit capacity (function) will be guaranteed. The methodological basis of the article is bibliographic studies of Georgian and foreign scientists in the field of logistics systems management and marketing, data collection, observation, survey (in-depth interview). The method of data collection is mainly used in local logistics companies, where the situation with the use of marketing communications was analysed.

The paper considers the spread of combustion products caused by fires with different heat release rates: 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50 MW in up to 400 m long tunnels. The slope of the tunnels on numerical models is - 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9%. The cross-sectional area of the tunnel is 42.5m2. The paper describes the dynamic variability of damaging factors caused by the “chimney effect” such as carbon monoxide and temperature. Modeling was done with FDS software by using the finite volume method. The time of process modeling is 180 s. The minimum cell size of the finite volume is 0.25x 0.25 x 0.25m. The hearth of fire is in the central part of the tunnel. The obtained results are given in the plane of the central longitudinal section of the tunnel. The boundary condition is given as an increment of the dynamic pressure caused by the height difference between the portals in normal conditions. The dependence of fire-induced backlayering distance on the fire heat release rate and the increment of the dynamic pressure caused by tunnel inclination are studied. The theoretical results and those obtained by modeling of the backlayering distance and velocity are analyzed and compared. The locations of high-risk factors for each damaging factor along the tunnel are identified. Their quasi-stationary nature is described and the intervals of transient processes typical to each factor are determined in the course of modeling. It is advisable to use the obtained results to respond to emergencies caused by fire in relevant tunnels.

For academic researchers, Europe comes with the job : their intra-European mobility increased in the last decades, and internationalization is the keyword for their careers. On the other side, intra-European mobility also bears difficulties : couples living apart, decrease of permanent positions and frequent relocations, problems in accessing local welfare systems and the nightmare of organizing a pension scheme. That is, Ryanair comes with the job, too. In this paper, we firstly discuss intra-European and academic mobility in a context of growing job uncertainty. Then, drawing on an original database of in depth interviews addressing female researchers who experienced intra-European mobility, we explore their life narratives and self-representations, their love relationships, and their concrete life arrangements. Finally we discuss the implications for the “brain drain/circulation” discourse and the literature on mobility.