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Las prácticas jurídicas integran el proceso de formación profesional y de interpretación de la norma jurídica invisibilizándose su valor en la producción y reproducción del conocimiento. El objetivo fue analizar interdisciplinariamente con perspectiva de género las prácticas y estrategias desplegadas por actores/as jurídicos/as en relación a la enseñanza del derecho y la administración de justicia. Usamos metodología cualitativa articulada con datos cuantitativos mediante la triangulación. Los resultados permiten afirmar que las prácticas al interior del campo jurídico han sufrido transformaciones en los conocimientos como en su aplicación, pero no siempre están enfocados en atender las necesidades de justiciables.

Resumo Neste artigo, apresentam-se algumas contribuições para a investigação do medo como motor da colaboração - transformada em colaboracionismo - no neoliberalismo. Para isso, inicialmente, são recuperadas algumas ideias de Christophe Dejours, salientando o papel do trabalho e do medo no funcionamento da máquina neoliberal. Visto que essa visão não contempla algumas questões a respeito da natureza do engajamento produzido na coletividade, retoma-se, em seguida, a análise freudiana da psicologia das massas em busca de respostas. Por fim, após detectar os limites de tal análise, excessivamente centrada na figura do Pai (ou no líder), este estudo recorre a Jacques Lacan com vistas à elaboração de uma nova psicologia das massas mais adequada ao que se parece assistir na atualidade.

Partimos de las voces de las mujeres que transitan situaciones de violencias, sus representaciones y el acceso a la justicia tomando sus particularidades y dificultades en cada período de la vida. Nos preguntamos: ¿Cómo podemos trabajar mejor juntos/as desde la Sociología Jurídica para abordar estos desafíos interdisciplinariamente? ¿Qué tan diversas deben ser nuestras instituciones de justicia para dar respuesta a las necesidades de las mujeres de distintas generaciones? ¿Cómo se les da voz a las más jóvenes en las decisiones sobre su futuro y en la resolución de sus conflictos? La Administración de justicia brinda o no respuestas a las mujeres, son adecuadas/inadecuadas según el momento evolutivo y los conflictos que viven. Para realizar este abordaje retomaremos los conceptos de gubernamentalidad, cautiverio e interseccionalidad, considerando a las mujeres como sujetos históricos y culturales. We start from the voices of women who go through situations of violence, their representations and access to justice, taking their particularities and difficulties in each period of life. We ask ourselves: How can we work better together from Legal Sociology to address these challenges interdisciplinary? How diverse must our justice institutions be to respond to the needs of women of different generations? How are the youngest girls given a voice in decisions about their future and in resolving their conflicts? The Administration of justice does or does not provide answers to women, they are adequate/inadequate according to the evolutionary moment and the conflicts they experience. To carry out this approach we will return to the concepts of governmentality, captivity and intersectionality, considering women as historical and cultural subjects. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1174

La historia de los Gitanos en América hispana ha sido escasamente abordada. Unos pocos investigadores registran su presencia en el continente a partir de documentos encontrados en los archivos de Indias, en los autos de fe de la Inquisición, en bandos coloniales, y en políticas migratorias y de control social. Este artículo tiene por objetivo plantear un estado de la cuestión a partir de fuentes primarias y secundarias que documentan el periodo colonial (s. XV – XIX). Se utiliza un enfoque histórico de larga duración, para analizar leyes y pragmáticas destinadas al permiso o restricción de los Gitanos en las Nuevas Indias, y los registros de su presencia en el continente. En el último apartado se indaga un elemento poco estudiado: lo gitano como horizonte de otredad y como marco cognitivo del colonizador europeo orientador de su praxis colonial en tierra americana. Se observa, como principal hallazgo, que la dimensión representativa de lo gitano parece haber funcionado como categoría instrumental, unidad de medida de la alteridad, para interpretar al indio y, a partir del s XVIII también lo gaucho, en la sociedad colonial.

For every human society, death has always represented the last cognitive frontier and, at the same time - through techniques, rites, codifications and symbolic elaborations - the same societies have tried to interpret the phenomenon of mortality, provide it with a sense, integrate it into its own system of values and transform it into a criterion for self-representation. The evolution of the civil and ecclesiastical laws and statutes that societies gave themselves from late antiquity to the Middle Ages reflects a partial but interesting change in mental attitudes and human behavior towards death. Through the diachronic evolution of the cemetery structure between rules and practice, different attitudes are formed towards death: from the separation of the Roman necropolis due to hygienic and sacral rules, up to a progressive familiarity, which was established between late antiquity and the high Middle Ages and which lasted until Napoleon.

Scopo di questo articolo è quello di esaminare due lettere pontificie indirizzate ai rappresentanti religiosi e politici della laguna veneta durante la controversia iconoclasta con Bisanzio e gli scontri con i longobardi nella prima metà del secolo VIII. L’obiettivo è dimostrare che una di esse è stata ottenuta dalla modifica operata in epoca successiva e di dare un’attribuzione certa all’altra oltre a definirne in maniera più ristretta il possibile arco cronologico di redazione. Per fare ciò si intende dapprima descrivere il contesto storico e poi quello storiografico, che si è interrogato sulle lettere soprattutto alla fine dell’Ottocento. Infine si avanzeranno nuove proposte aggiungendo al dibattito elementi ancora non presi in considerazione nei lavori precedenti.

The aim of the article is to shape an historiographical reflection about merchant and craft guilds during the late Middle Ages, in a city where economic and political trial were of a remarkable influence: Bologna. In fact, craft guilds - substantial groups in the urban environment, relevant from a social, economical and political point of view - were born in order to provide mutual help among partners and economical knowledges. However, in Bologna they acquired an essential role in urban politics when, following a riot raised by mercator Giuseppe Toschi in 1228, leaders of the societates obtain a legislative role in urban magistratures. A historiographical-based analysis of bolognese guilds and their statutes - meaning legislative texts which societates applied for themselves and that used to follow political and institutional changes during XIII and XIV centuries, on which historians based their researches yet at the end of the XIX century - allows to take into consideration the evident link between normative mandates and reasons, motivations and intentions which generated them, detecting developments and dynamics between politics expectations and real phenomenology.

Stereotomy, the art of cutting stones into particular shapes for the construction of vaulted structures, is an ancient art that has been practiced over a wide chronological and geographical span, from Hellenistic Greece to contemporary Apulia and across the Mediterranean Basin. Yet the history of ancient and medieval stereotomy is little understood, and nineteenth- century theories about the art’s Syrian origins, its introduction into Europe via France and the crusaders, and the intrinsic Frenchness of medieval stereotomy are still largely accepted. In this essay, I question these theories with the help of a work-in-progress database and database-driven maps that consolidate evidence of stereotomic practice from the third century BCE through the eleventh century CE and across the Mediterranean region. I argue that the history of stereotomy is far more complex than what historians have assumed so far and that, for the most part, it has yet to be written.

The injection of hydrogen into the natural gas network can contribute to the large-scale integration of renewables, as hydrogen can be easily produced through electrolysis from wind or solar energy. However, the addition of hydrogen to natural gas influences fuel properties, asking for the assessment of the safe and efficient operation of existing end-user equipment, such as domestic burners and boilers. In this work, 3-dimensional resolved numerical simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics are carried out to shed light on the effect of H2 addition on the combustion process occurring in condensing boilers equipped with perforated cylindrical burners. To this purpose, multi-hole geometries emulating a portion of a perforated burner are analyzed. Since the burner holes are positioned very close to each other, the interaction of the adjacent laminar premixed flames is observed to occur with influence on the flow and thermo-chemical fields which differ from those of a single premixed flame. The addition of hydrogen was found to lead to an anticipation of the reaction zone, although the general features observed with the G222 gas (23% H2, 77% CH4 ) were alike those of the G20 gas (100% CH4).

Recent legislation concerning air pollutant emissions from ships (Tier III) has considerably decreased NOx emission limits for recreational ships with less than 500 gross tonnages and greater than 24 m load line length (LLL), the so-called “large yachts”. For these yachts, which adopt multiple Diesel engines with maximum power ranging from 800 to 2000 kW, the new NOx limit is less than 2 g/kWh. To satisfy that limit, engine makers suggest the adoption of a classic SCR system with urea injection but this methodology, in addition to requiring a large space for installation, does not seem so appropriate for diesel engines of large yachts that normally operate at low power with exhaust temperatures often well below 300 °C, therefore not sufficient to allow the correct functioning of the SCR. The aforementioned circumstances have prompted Sanlorenzo Spa (La Spezia – Italy), one of the world’s leading companies in the production of pleasure boats, to collaborate with the University of Pisa in the study of alternative solutions to SCR systems. Recently there is a great interest in innovative NOx abatement systems, based on the possibility of absorbing NOx molecules into seawater through the utilization of appropriate aqueous solutions containing targeted saline oxidizing agents. The present study describes the first results of a research program aimed to identify, from one side, the best saline oxidizing agent for an aqueous NOx abatement and, from the other, the best washing methodology compatible with the propulsion layouts usually adopted on yachts. In the engine testing laboratories of the Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTeC) of the University of Pisa, an experimental apparatus has been created to reproduce the real conditions of underwater engine exhausting. This device was combined with a small 1.2 L direct injection diesel engine. The first results showed a reduction of the NOx emissions of about 27% by using a gas washing with wet scrubber, followed by bubbling in water, using 0.2 molar NaClO saline solutions.

In the recent years the progressive decrease in fossil petroleum resources and gradual deprivation of the environment have attracted increasing interest towards the use of biomass as renewable carbon source for the production of chemicals and transportation fuels. In particular, lignocellulosic biomass represents an abundant and inexpensive renewable resource with high carbon sequestration ability and non-polluting. In this paper, the valorisation of mixtures made of n-butanol (n-BuOH), butyl levulinate (BL) and dibutyl ether (DBE), in different percentages, as additive fuel for compression ignition (CI) internal combustion engine (ICE) was studied. These mixtures can be directly obtained from the catalytic alcoholysis reaction of the cellulosic fraction of raw and pre-treated lignocellulosic biomasses. Moreover, the possibility to recycle and reutilize the excess alcohol (n-Butanol), during the catalytic alcoholysis reaction, has been considered since it represents an opportunity to reduce the overall costs of the process. Therefore, a blend constituted only by BL and DBE has been also tested. The model mixtures were prepared by using commercial reactants, characterized by compositions analogous to those of the reaction mixtures. These model mixtures were tested as blend with Diesel fuel in a CI-ICE with the measurement of pollutant emission and performance. Results have been compared with those obtained fuelling the engine with a commercial Diesel fuel. As a whole, tests results have evidenced the potentiality of these novel blending mixtures to reduce the emissions of particulate without any significant increase in the other pollutants and negligible changes in engine power and efficiency.

A critical reflection on the experience at Courts of female victims of gender violence is the aim of this paper. Provincial, national and international laws are the framework for the analysis. The raw material are their reports ( assesed from the perspective of the newest writings on the issue) which stress the differences between the official discourse of the Administration of Justice and the victims' "accounts". Three different questions have been asked to guide our research: Are gender violence and poverty , factors linked to the lack of an effective Access to Justice? Which are the new factors observed everywhere and those which are present only in Latin America?Are there any changes in the social stereotypes which clear and ease the womens' path towards the administration of justice? En este artículo reflexionamos críticamente sobre la situación de las mujeres en La Plata-Argentina que padecen violencia de género cuando acceden a la administración de justicia. Para ello tomamos como marco referencial la normativa provincial, nacional e internacional. Utilizamos como insumo los testimonios de las mujeres, analizados a la luz de la literatura actual, que polemiza sobre la compleja y a veces contradictoria relación entre el discurso "oficial" de la Administración de justicia y los "relatos" de las mujeres. Nos interrogamos sobre tres ejes de trabajo que han orientado nuestra producción: ¿Qué intersecciones visualizamos entre violencia de género y pobreza como factores que obstaculizan el acceso a la justicia?¿Qué factores nuevos aparecen en contextos globalizados, y cuales son específicos de América Latina?¿Se observan cambios en los estereotipos sociales que despejan el camino de las mujeres a la administración de justicia? DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2611592

The article reports on the discovery of a drawing by French sculptor Christophe Cochet which depicts the decor of the vault he sculpted in the Henri IV Gallery at the Palais de Luxembourg in Paris, France. The depiction of the palace by French architect and engraver Jean Marot and French architect Antoine Desgodets are also mentioned.

This article presents information on the Henri IV Gallery at the Palais du Luxembourg in Paris, France, and the painter Paul Rubens. Details include information on the project including Rubens' frustrations and setbacks after being asked, by his widow, French Queen Marie de Medici, to paint French King Henry IV's life. Also included are illustrations and plans of the palace, the gallery's layout including a map showing a reconstruction of the original placements of the frames, and descriptions of the paintings such as the "Bataille d'Ivry" (1590) and the "Couronnement" (1594). Further details include a comparison of the Henry IV and Marie de Medici galleries.

A pharmacoepidemiological survey was conducted in order to understand the pattern of migraine prophylactic drug utilization by French physicians. Neurologists and primary care physicians completed a phone-mail-phone questionnaire which inquired about migraine prophylactic treatment. French neurologists and PCP made the same use of migraine prophylaxis in terms of indication, time interval between treatment onset and evaluation, and duration. The two most commonly chosen migraine prophylactic agents were dihydroergotamine and beta-blockers. This study also showed the importance of considering quality of life to evaluate efficacy of migraine prophylaxis.