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Let $d \in \lbrace 3, 4, 5, \ldots \rbrace $ and a weight $w \in A^\rho _\infty $. We consider the second-order Riesz transform $T = \nabla ^2 \, L^{-1}$ associated with the Schrödinger operator $L = -\Delta + V$, where $V \in RH_\sigma $ with $\sigma > \frac{d}{2}$. We present three main results. First $T$ is bounded on the weighted Hardy space $H^1_{w,L}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ associated with $L$ if $w$ enjoys a certain stable property. Secondly $T$ is bounded on the weighted $BMO$ space $BMO_{w,\rho }(\mathbb{R}^d)$ associated with $L$ if $w$ also belongs to an appropriate doubling class. Thirdly $BMO_{w,\rho }(\mathbb{R}^d)$ is the dual of $H^1_{w,L}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ when $w \in A^\rho _1$.

The “Programme Meso-Vietnam” was implemented in Vietnam from October 2007 to December 2010 to reduce dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence and to improve the quality of life in the four project communes. This dengue control project was based on biological control using Mesocyclops, a larvivorous micro-crustacean, as well as on the establishment of a strong community involvement to educate the population on dengue transmission and to reduce Aedes breeding by removal of containers. During three years, a network of collaborators was responsible for introducing Mesocyclops in all the containers defined as key breeding-sites, and regular activities such as community training workshops, school programmes, clean-up campaigns and health promotion through IEC programmess were performed. To make this programme sustainable, local leadership has been strengthened as well. The use of these larvivorous micro-crustaceans as a biological control strategy against dengue over the medium and long term, when combined with community participation and effective health promotion, demonstrated a significant reduction in dengue vector populations and dengue cases. In Vietnam, this study reconfirms that there is an ecological alternative to systematic use of insecticides to control dengue vector population. (Abstract word count: 186)

Magnetic nanorobots are recently used in a drug delivery system in order to perform minimally invasive medical procedures. One main difficulty for controlling nanorobots is the complicated behavior of hydrodynamic drag force and uncertain factors in their dynamics. The drag force depends on the blood velocity but unfortunately, it is apparently unknown. In previous feedback control system designs, the blood velocity was assumed to be known or set constant. This assumption did not reflect the reality and reduce the feasibility of the control systems. Considering this fact, this paper suggests an optimal observer for estimating blood velocity. The only information required for the proposed observer and overall control system is the position of nanorobots. The characteristic, stability, as well as gain tuning rules of the proposed optimal observer is discussed in detail. Simulation results are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal observer as well as the overall feedback control systems for nanorobot navigation in blood vessels.