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This overview of the ERIC system begins with a brief history of the system; a description of the types and numbers of materials contained in the database; sources of types of information for educators that are not processed by ERIC; and the various publications and reference materials produced by and for the system. The analysis of ERIC usage in the United States that follows is based on the final report of the Cost and Usage Study of the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) System, which was conducted by King Research in 1981. This analysis includes data on types of access points for the ERIC system and the services they offer; the level of knowledge of ERIC in the educational community; a qualitative evaluation of ERIC products and services; and ERIC coverage of materials related to disadvantaged groups. The components of the ERIC system and their functions are then described, including relationships among the various units and products and services designed to make ERIC more available to users. System operations, resource allocation, and costs are also discussed. The article concludes with a discussion of cultural, organizational, and policy concerns that would need to be addressed if the ERIC model were to be adapted to meet the needs of French educators. (BBM)

Examines the effects of computerized data bank technology on legal discourse. (AM)

Outlines the evolution of automatic translation research during the last 25 years and describes the systems developed by the University of Montreal group. Defines the applicability of these systems as limited to technical texts with restricted terminology and simple grammar, their product still requiring a translator's correction and revision. (MES)

Describes the elements and functioning of the terminology bank of the PLATO (Programmed Loqic for Automated Teaching Operation) system. Discusses contemporary terminology and lexicography notions on which the bank is based and outlines the tasks performed through PLATERM. (MES)

Teletext or videotex can be used for second-language learning, with the second language as either the medium of communication or its objective. Potential uses include consultation of databases, on-line instructional exercises, games, and electronic mail and networking. (MSE)

Presents a listing of textbooks, computer program guides, articles, opinion papers, histories, reference works, databases, reviews, bibliographies, organizations, and other information sources concerning computer applications. (MSE)

This survey article on studies in premodern Arabic legal documents indicates major scholarly editions from the last 20 years. It then depicts new digitally based methods of how to analyze such specimen from a comparative perspective as relics from Muslim legal practices throughout the 8th to 15th centuries. As conclusion, it presents a chronology of notarial practices interrelating with the changing role of juridical thinking (fiqh) in Islamic law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Épidémiologie et Santé Animale is the property of Association pour l'Etude de l'Epidemiologie des Maladies Animales (AEEMA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many museums have undertaken to dispose of their collections. They are forced to do so by the overcrowding of their storerooms and the real estate pressure in the centers of the large cities where they are located. Should all or part of the collections be discarded, donated, or digitized? Because of the detailed inventory, the ten-yearly recoiling, and the creation of the French Joconde database, supposed to gather all the descriptions and photographic reproductions of all the works and items of the 1,100 museums in France, the management of the collections has become a colossal task that may never be completed. There is a high risk that the disappearance of the collections will be accompanied by the de-semiotization of the museological masterpieces created and set up in the different types of exhibition discourse in the course of the history of museums and their exhibitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the development of databases of the factographic reference system. The method of formalization of normative information is proposed. The classification of tables into “descriptive” and “prescriptive” has been introduced. The article describes an approach to the formalization of “prescriptive” tables, all the parameters of which are divided into two groups – quantitative and qualitative. SR 30.13330.2020 Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings Chapter 7 “Fire-fighting water supply” and Appendix J “Water consumption for firefighting” were chosen as the object of formalization. The data structure required to determine the internal fire extinguishing device, the number of fire cranes and water consumption is presented. A fragment of the database “Water consumption” and screen forms of the developed application “Water consumption for firefighting” are presented. The input data for the application is the type of building and the parameters depending on the type of building, the result is information about the need for fire-fighting plumbing and a link to the document. The presented example of expanding the database with information from SR 486.1311500.2020 indicates the flexibility of the proposed approach.

Although epidemiology is part of a strong tradition of data quantification and standardization, it mobilizes various sources, in particular archives. This article therefore looks at this little-known reuse, focusing especially on cohort studies and morbidity registers. It examines the changes in data value and status when processing archival documents into databases through four research stages: source data analysis, coding, data quality evaluation and, eventually, the reconstitution of missing data.

Copyright of Études Caribéennes is the property of Etudes Caribeennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims to retrace the development of a research project, Digital Viau, which combines digital humanities and art history, in order to present, in the form of a digital library deployed with Omeka, the collection of paintings, graphic arts and sculptures constituted by George Viau in the first half of the 20th century. It lays stress on the immense part due to chance and trial and error, the errors and dead ends inherent to such a collective work, and the conflicts of interpretation that emerged between the different actors.

Our main goal is to evaluate from the perspective of International Public Law (IPL) the expression of US sanctions to Cuba, in a sample of four data bases, which cover the years 1950 to 2021. In order to accomplish this, it was also necessary to dig a little more in the past, as the 1917 Trading with the Enemy Act or the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 are still functioning as pillars to the legal labyrinth that the blockade has become. We found that international data bases only show a small part of the Cuban case, and we saw the same phenomena in IPL.

Copyright of FLAMME is the property of Universite de Limoges and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annales Françaises de Médecine d'Urgence is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ars & Humanitas is the property of Ars & Humanitas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The dialogue with Iulian Boldea, poet, literary critic and historian, essayist, doctor, professor at the University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” in Târgu Mureş, Romania, editor-in-chief of several periodicals, addresses a series issues related to cultural and scientific journals. It’s being discussed about diminishing the role of cultural publications in the context of the development of blogs and social networks, about the impact of the Internet on literary criticism, about the activity of scientific journals, about maintenance of journals dedicated exclusively to the study of literature, about the role of scientific publications in shaping the moral profile of people and by promoting of Romanian culture in the global space.

Otorrhea is a common symptom of acute otitis media (AOM). It is sometimes the first and only symptom of a perforated AOM (absence of fever or pain). National and international recommendations consider it as a noisy symptom or a sign of seriousness of an AOM, justifying systematic oral antibiotic therapy, whatever the age of the child and whatever the symptomatic character (fever or pain). What randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or meta-analyses of RCTs support these recommendations? What is the effectiveness of oral or topical antibiotics in children with isolated otorrhea on AOM? A systematic review of RCTs and meta-analyses of RCTs (MA) concerning the antibiotic treatment of otorrhea isolated on AOM in children was conducted. The Medline and Cochrane databases were consulted until 30/07/2019. Results: No RCT or MA of RCT evaluated the effect of oral or topical antibiotic therapy in children with asymptomatic otorrhea following a perforated AOM. Conclusion: Current recommendations to systematically treat children with isolated otorrhea on AOM with antibiotics are not justified by an RCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theme of our research is to describe the structural characteristics, the natural regeneration and the demographic structure of zeen oak in the Ouled Bechih forest (Souk Ahras). Data were collected by random sampling on 6 square plots of 0.09 ha. The dendrometric parameters measured were diameter at 1.3 m above ground level, total tree height and seedlings with diameter ≤ 10 cm. The diameter and height structures were fitted to the theoretical Weibull distribution using Minitab14 and XLStat 2022 software. The main results obtained indicate that mean height, mean diameter and basal area are significantly different in the 6 plots. The average density of Zeen oak trees in the Ouled Bechih forest is 157 trees/ha with a basal area of 22.65±5.53 m 2 /ha, the natural regeneration is average, it is 234.27%. The analysis of the diameter and height structures shows predominance of old trees with large diameters and high heights. These results constitute a database, which contributes to the improvement and sustainable management of the Zeen oak in this forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]