Search

Copyright of Revue des Lettres Modernes is the property of Classiques Garnier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue des Lettres Modernes is the property of Classiques Garnier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Criminologie is the property of Presses de l'Universite de Montreal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nesta Documenta apresenta-se documentação relativa à administração da Justiça na cidade de Lisboa e seu termo, nas áreas de competência do Senado da Câmara, nomeadamente, dos processos-crime de travessias, devassas e regimentos, no período compreendido entre os séculos XVII e XIX, existente no Arquivo Municipal de Lisboa.

The paper explores how a phenomenon of popular culture undergoes very different interpretations within the same cultural circle. The author focuses on the immensely popular Russian series Boy’s Word, which premiered in 2023. The show deals with the phenomenon of juvenile criminal gangs in Kazan, involving many associations and layers. All this was reinforced by the framework of the Ukrainian war, and the absurd outcome that it is the most watched series in Ukraine even though it is banned.

Lisboa ocupa um lugar central quando se analisa o crime e as transgressões, em particular entre os finais do século XIX e o início do século XX, pois foi nesta cidade que o crime teve maior incidência, sem paralelo no todo nacional. Este artigo traça um quadro caracterizador da criminalidade em Lisboa nas últimas décadas da Monarquia. Para tal faz-se uso de estudos já publicados, percorrendo-se igualmente um conjunto diversificado de fontes, em particular as estatísticas relativas ao crime produzidas pelas autoridades policiais e judiciais. O estudo das transgressões repousa sobretudo na análise da documentação conservada junto do Arquivo Municipal de Lisboa. O objetivo é apresentar um quadro geral da imposição da lei e das normas municipais que regulavam o quotidiano em Lisboa e de como o seu não cumprimento por parte da população que habitava e trabalhava na cidade, por incapacidade, desconhecimento ou recusa, colaborou para um forte aumento do número de crimes e transgressões registadas em Lisboa. Além da regulamentação a que estava sujeito o espaço urbano, Lisboa era igualmente o local com o maior e mais eficaz policiamento do país, o que favorecia a deteção e repressão das ilegalidades aí ocorridas.

O Entreguerras foi um período em que se intensificou o debate sobre as formas de atividade ilegal que transcendiam as fronteiras dos países devido ao crescimento das ameaças políticas conotadas com o comunismo e o anarquismo e ao desenvolvimento de novas práticas de delito comum relacionadas com o tráfico de pessoas, de estupefacientes e com a falsificação de dinheiro, assistindo-se, igualmente, a um incremento da circulação transnacional de pessoas. Entre estes indivíduos encontravam-se suspeitos políticos e criminosos comuns, que transitaram por Portugal, alguns dos quais com a intenção de chegar ao continente americano. A partir de fontes policiais e diplomáticas portuguesas, este artigo aborda a repressão policial desenvolvida pelo regime salazarista no início da sua vigência, contra a presença de cidadãos estrangeiros em Portugal, focando a vigilância e o controlo exercidos pela polícia política sobre suspeitos políticos e criminosos de outras nacionalidades.

In Portugal, from the late 19th century to the early 20th, medical and legal discourses were enmeshed, intending to establish their desired imagery of the homosexual, that is: a sick and criminal individual. It was this very narrative, fuelled by this binomial, that prevailed for decades, remaining so during the Estado Novo regime and beyond. What could be the reason behind such a preoccupation with ostracising these persons? Why was anal sex privatised and, with it, all the possibilities implied by the anus? Why has it been so difficult for women to achieve sexual emancipation for centuries on end? All these questions are the basis for the text that follows, but the answer is simple and the reason is the same for all of them: how the imperialism of the phallus (centrism) is maintained.

This essay is centered on the comparative analysis of the justice system in traditional and modern Yorùbá society vis-à-vis equality of rule to law to all and sundry. This paper aims to analyze the effects of an upright as well as a corrupt judicial system on society. The theory adopted for this work is the sociological theory of literature. The model adopted under this theory is the mirror image approach. Proponents of this model believe there is a cordial relationship between literature and society because literature mirrors society. We employ an auto-telic textual analysis approach in our analysis of the two play texts, which are Ààrẹ Àgò Aríkúyẹrí and Adákẹ́dájọ́. Our findings in this work show that equality of all and sundry in justice dispensation will bring about peace, tranquility, and development in society why inequality as well as lack of equity, justice, and fairness as seen in the two texts breed lawlessness, anarchy and resort to self-help by those deprived of justice which will, in turn, brings about loss of life and properties as we are witnessing in Nigeria today. Based on our findings in this work, we believe that the solution to this problem is to follow the rule of law which should be above everybody, and to inculcate moral discipline (ìwà ọmọlúàbí) which is the watchword of the traditional Yoruba society in children through both formal and informal education by teachers, parents, and guardians.

This article deals with the paradoxical relationship between social harm and punishment, through criminal irresponsibility in mental disorders, so that the universality of crime, justified by the harmful act, is challenged by several currents, including, zemiology. Therefore, a normative and theoretical, even critical, analysis has been necessary in order to overcome the definition of crime through the social harm, which has proved to be purely circumstantial in the case of an affirmative defense as in the case of mental disorder. The recognition of social harm, strongly recommended by zemiologists, as well as social and structural accountability, is very important in the development of restorative justice. Consequently, the new doctrine goes beyond the consensual discourse on the notion of crime and the usefulness of punishment.

The article focuses on American fiction and detective thrillers where the writer and his double feature as central characters. Such a combination has not previously received special attention. The divided mind provides a wide range of possibilities for fascination and exploring the fundamental fears of fragmentation and potential destruction of the Self. In Stephen King’s novella “Secret Window, Secret Garden” (1990), crime, duplicity, madness and dissociative amnesia are integrated into the story of the writer's block. The present article, among other things, analyzes the adaptation of the novella — David Koepp’s Secret Window, 2004. Besides, it highlights the changes that the script underwent. Koepp came up with his own ending that was radically different from the Epilogue of King's story. Alongside with madness proper, King's horror and Koepp's film deconstruct the writer’s block as the result of unresolved traumas and the cause of a whole bunch of pathologies, as well as the fear of breakdown. The novella and its screen version are, in fact, phenomenological studies of mental disorders. A close comparative analysis shows that the film offers a rare example of the superiority of adaptation over the original. A particular attention in the article is paid to the imagery of ears of corn in the film, functioning both as a cannibalistic grotesque and as a visual metaphor of success.

II. Meşrutiyetin ilanından yaklaşık iki buçuk ay sonra İstanbul’da bir bavul içerisinde Nahiye Eski Müdürlerinden Bağdatlı Ahmed Hamdi Efendi’nin cesedi parçalara ayrılmış bir şekilde bulunmuştur. Vezirhanı’nda bir odada beraber kaldıkları Medineli Taha isminde bir kişi tarafından öldürülen Ahmed Hamdi Bey’e ait ceset Taha ve arkadaşı Mehmed tarafından parçalanmış ve ceset bir bavula koyularak Vezirhanı’ndan çıkartılmıştır. Yakalanmamak ve dikkat çekmemek için İhsan adlı meczup bir çocuğa taşıttırılan bavul polis müdürlerinden Fuat Bey’in dikkatini çekmiş, bavulda çalıntı eşya olduğunu düşünen Fuat Bey bavulu incelemiş, bavulun içerisinden kasıklarından altı olmayan bir ceset çıkmıştır. Önce suçlulardan Mehmed, ardından da Taha yakalanmış, bunun üzerine soruşturma derinleştirilmiş, cinayet mahallinde arama yapılmış, yürütülen tahkikat ve yargılama sonucunda suçluların idam edilmelerine karar verilmiştir. Bu makalede İstanbul’da hunharca işlenen bu cinayet dönemin gazeteleri ve Osmanlı arşivindeki belgeler kullanılarak incelenecek, olayın nedeni, gelişimi, tahkikat süreci ve cezası bağlamında masaya yatırılacak ve olay Osmanlı suç tarihi açısından değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.

تهدف الدِّراسة بوجه عام إلى رصد وتحليل جريمة السرقة بالإكراه بعد ثورة 25 يناير 2011 ، وتحديد دور الأمن في مواجهة هذه الجرائم والسيطرة عليها ، وذلك من خلال التعرف علي ماهية السرقة وأنماطها، ورصد التغيرات الاجتماعية التي حدثت في المجتمع المصري عقب ثوره 25 يناير والتي أدت إلى ارتفاع معدلات جريمة السرقة. ودِّراسة معدلات ومؤشرات السرقة بعد الثورة مع عمل تحليلي سوسيولجي لهذه الجريمة ، ودِّراسة أنماط مرتكبي جرائم السرقة بالإكراه ونشأتهم الإجتماعية، مع ذكر الأسباب التي دفعت بهم إلى ذلك. بالإضافة للتعرف علي دور المؤسسات الأمنية في مواجهة هذه الجرائم ، وكيفية السيطرة عليها. وذلك تمهيدا لوضع بعض التوصيات العامة للحد من جرائم السرقة بالإكراه والدور الفعال في مواجهة مثل هذه الجرائم والسيطرة عليها ومن أجل تحقيق أهداف الدِّراسة اعتمدت الباحثة على أسلوب المسح الاجتماعي "Social Survery " عن طريق العينة، من المجتمع المصري من الحضر والريف. وقد تم الاعتماد في هذه الدِّراسة على استمارة الاستبيان مقسمة إلى أربعة محاور كما استعانت الباحثة بأسلوب تحليل الوثائق والسجلات.AbstractThe study generally aims to monitor and analyze the crime of forced theft after the January 25 Revolution, 2011, and to determine the role of security in confronting and controlling these crimes, by identifying the nature of theft and its patterns, and monitoring the social changes that occurred in Egyptian society after the January 25 Revolution, which led to High rates of theft crime. Studying the rates and indicators of theft after the revolution with sociological analytical work for this crime, and studying the patterns of perpetrators of forced theft crimes and their social upbringing, mentioning the reasons that led them to do so. In addition to learning about the role of security institutions in confronting these crimes, and how to control them. This is in preparation for developing some general recommendations that define the mechanisms used in monitoring coercive theft crimes and the effective role in confronting and controlling such crimes. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher relied on the “Social Survey” method through a sample of (200) individuals. Of Egyptian society, This study relied on a questionnaire form divided into four axes, and the researcher also used the method of analyzing documents and records.

Smuggling was a common practice in eighteenth-century Britain and British governments tried to prevent it with an increasing arsenal of penal statutes. Beyond the practice of smuggling, however, it was much debated as evidence of deeper problems. Among local populations, it was often regarded as a “socially accepted crime”. In government circles, the wide-spread nature of smuggling led to the belief that it was morally corrupting the people and contributing to the decline of state authority. During times of war, it was linked to the suspicion that smugglers were collaborating with enemies of the kingdom by working as spies. In this line of thinking, smugglers were actively betraying their country. The article focuses on these contradicting views on smuggling during the 1740s. It analyses a number of different discourses on smuggling in order to demonstrate how the social figure of the smuggler changed its appearance in relation to the debates in which it served as an example and argument. It puts particular emphasis on the moments when the social figure of the smugglers turned into a traitor (by betraying his kingdom to the enemy) or rebel (by wilfully corrupting the moral and political order of the kingdom)

O presente artigo analisa conflitos violentos entre negros e imigrantes ocorridos em regiões de colonização europeia fundadas na província mais meridional do Brasil na segunda metade do século XIX. Através de processos-crime de homicídios, ocorridos no período do pós-abolição, especificamente na primeira década do século XX, busca-se compreender os sentidos das disputas em espaços marcados pela imigração italiana. Nesse sentido, problematizou-se, através de situações de conflito, o uso da violência como um recurso de controle racial, reforço das diferenças e hierarquias étnicas, bem como de defesa de direitos e práticas socioculturais em lugares onde foram constituídas comunidade rurais de origem europeia. A existência de procedimentos autônomos de justiça, vingança e pacificação aparecem como decisões que refletem lógicas, percepções e o funcionamento das estruturas de domínio local quando da ocorrência de determinados eventos.

The crime of breach of trust is among the crimes against funds, which directly targets the transaction that occurs between the victim and the offender, as this crime is meant to be the violation of a person's right to the property of another person by breach of trust deposited in him, so that delivery must take place as a temporary possession based on a contract of trust, which is approved by the Algerian legislator original and complementary penalties, and this is due to the special nature of such transactions that fall on it This kind of crime.

The paper focuses on the extent to which the media’s reporting of violent crime affects tourists’ perception of the destination. The survey showed a correlation between persons that were more exposed to negative media reports before embarking on their vacation and those that held a more negative view of their safety at the destination. Persons exposed to these reports were less affected since they exhibited less restrictive behaviour while at the destination. Visitors who had closer socio-cultural ties to the region were more exposed to negative reports and possessed a more negative view. The findings present implications for media coverage strategies and destination image management.

The article is based on original maps produced using data from the Atlas of Violence published by the Institute for Applied Economic Research (Ipea) and the Brazilian Public Security Forum, showing huge spatial differences in the distribution of homicides. They associate the number of homicides recorded in each of the country's municipalities (represented by the size of the proportional circles) and the proportion of these homicides in relation to the municipal population (represented by a color gradation), while the background map is colored according to the municipal development index calculated by Firjan. The map drawn for the year 2021 confirms a clear evolution in relation to previous situations (1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019), a shift in crime towards the Northeast and North regions, while the number and proportion of homicides in the population fell rapidly in the main capitals of the Southeast.

Currently, the increasing effectiveness of criminal procedural investigations is determined by the level of implementation in the practical activity of methods and technical-scientific means intended for discovery, fixation, collection, and examination through which the missing data omitted by the person in the process of perception, memorization, saving, reproduction, systematization, and transmission of information are compensated. Thus, because of the application of technical-scientific means and methods, the evidentiary data become more precise and complete, determining new tactical possibilities for carrying out criminal prosecution actions. In this article, the authors examine the existing opinions in forensic literature on the necessity and forensic-technical rules governing the technical process of video recording of on-site investigation activity. Even though there are various technical ways of recording the on-the-spot investigation, judicial bodies are hesitant to use the video technique in the on-the-spot investigation. The circumstances requiring the use of video technology and the situations determined by them are characterized in terms of their doctrinal and empirical basis. The authors also deal with the subject of video recording which needs to be reflected in the on-the-spot investigation report.

En retraçant les principaux bouleversements de l’histoire économique de la ville sainte chiite de Najaf, en Irak, entre 1923 et 1958, cet article analyse leurs effets immédiats sur les développements sociaux et urbains de la ville et sur le déplacement de ses frontières visibles et invisibles. Parmi les principales crises économiques qui affectent Najaf figurent l’interruption du pèlerinage, la grande dépression de 1929, l’occupation britannique de l’Irak en 1941 ou encore des aléas climatiques. L’article se concentre notamment sur le développement de la surpopulation, du chômage, de la faim et de la criminalité à Najaf ainsi que les moyens employés par les autorités pour répondre à ces enjeux sociaux. Il s’agit notamment de montrer que l’expansion urbaine et la modernisation des infrastructures contribuent à transformer les pratiques sociales traditionnelles de cette cité sainte et modifient profondément ses frontières internes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the paradoxical relationship between social harm and punishment, through criminal irresponsibility in mental disorders, so that the universality of crime, justified by the harmful act, is challenged by several currents, including, zemiology. Therefore, a normative and theoretical, even critical, analysis has been necessary in order to overcome the definition of crime through the social harm, which has proved to be purely circumstantial in the case of an affirmative defense as in the case of mental disorder. The recognition of social harm, strongly recommended by zemiologists, as well as social and structural accountability, is very important in the development of restorative justice. Consequently, the new doctrine goes beyond the consensual discourse on the notion of crime and the usefulness of punishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary narrative features a number of investigative authors who are part of a dynamic of inquiry : investigations in archives, both genealogical and judicial, field research, testimony gathering, trial chronicles. The labyrinth motif not only blurs the lines of enquiry, demonstrating how difficult it is to grasp reality, but also renews the territories of fiction and non-fiction. In this article, we show how contemporary authors engaged in a quest for missing persons or the unveiling of a truth, use the labyrinth motif in their investigative narratives. The labyrinth motif expresses the complexity of the investigations carried out by the authors in their role as investigators. In this way, the labyrinth becomes a metaphor for the authors' creative work, in contact with past and present time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Una novela criminal by Jorge Volpi (2018) is one of the most famous and emblematic non fiction novels of last decade. Using no fiction criticism (Bessière, Ruffel), we will study how the Mexican writer, in the tradition of Truman Capote’s New Literary Journalism, reopens the judicial archive about such a controversial case as Florence Cassez-Israel Vallarta’s, both charged with kidnapping and accused of being part of the criminal band The Zodiac. His very lucid review of the file uses the concept of post-truth (Zenetti) to highlight the erratic relation concerning the facts on which the accusation is based. Beyond this particular case, we will analyze epistemological questions concerning the way in which certain political discourses today create and deliver truth.

In the United States, some prison gangs control not only inmates, but also what happens on the street. Since most gang members eventually get detained and incarcerated, prison gangs will victimize or kill any resistors in jail and prison. In this paper, I examine such a case between the California prison gang, La Eme, and the rebel Maravilla gangs of East Los Angeles. La Eme controls almost all the Latino gangs in Southern California and enforces prison and street rules that “Southsider” gangs must follow. Between 1993 and 2006, the Maravilla gangs resisted La Eme’s prison co-governance and then experienced a violence and victimization perhaps unrivaled in the gang world. Through field research on the Maravilla gangs, this paper reveals how some gangs defy prison co-governance, which then makes them feel meaningful in the gang world.

Crime and religion are social constructs that indicate what society considers acceptable and deviant behavior. The connection is further complicated when considering how the formerly incarcerated integrate back into society after incarceration. This article is an engaged scholarship that utilizes clinical sociology to understand the role of religious redemption and criminal rehabilitation. The article specifically utilizes elements of symbolic interactionism to explore how identity, religious conversion, and community impact ex-felons. The author argues that religious redemption is essential for the formerly incarcerated because it allows them to replace their criminal identity with a new one and reinterpret previous mistakes into their life narrative. The article ends with action steps that can be put into practice by religious organizations, nonprofits, and governmental agencies.

Collective exposure to manifestations of violence through the media is a key vector of discourse on the phenomenon of insecurity in Haiti. Its impacts on school management are multiple. Between 2018 and 2022, there was an increase in crimes and misdemeanours against people, juvenile delinquency, and an increase in robberies and murderous violence in Port-au-Prince. This situation is marked by the incessant activity of armed groups and the persistent inability of state authorities to properly protect the right to education and security. This climate affects directly and indirectly the access to education for the most vulnerable children. At least five high schools in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area have been forced to close their doors due to fighting between armed gangs. This article proposes to address this issue through a documentary analysis. It is a technique that allows for the understanding, interpretation, and description of previous research findings from 2006 to 2021. The results showed that the impacts of insecurity on school management are numerous. This study therefore proposes to conceive school as a factor of socio-economic integration, provide the school with a security framework, encourage the collaboration of all actors towards the promotion of quality and inclusive education, establish clear public policies in favour of schools operating in hot districts.

Copyright of Revue Historique (0035-3264) is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to the age-crime curve, prevalence in crime displays an increase over the period from the late childhood to adolescence, a peak towards the end of adolescence and a downward trend afterwards during adulthood. In this context, the highest rate of desistance is observed towards the end of adolescence and the beginning of adulthood regardless of the time of antisocial or criminal onset. However, research experience has highlighted the existence of offenders who appear to engage in crime for the first-time during adulthood. The present analysis focuses on the empirical experience regarding the dimensions of the phenomenon as well as the factors associated with its occurrence. At the same time, particular reference will be made to the theoretical approaches to the phenomenon in an attempt to identify the process whose starting point is placed in minority and, during the period of transition to adulthood, leads to criminal onset and a criminal career.

It is indisputable that ignorance, or lack of interest, as well as underestimation of the importance of environmental protection, has an impact not only on the quality of the environment but also poses a significant risk to human health, as well as all other organisms on Earth. It is for this reason that the issue of environmental protection is increasingly discussed, topical and desirable not only at the level of individual states but also within the international community. Taking into account the above, it is for this reason that the issue of environmental protection is increasingly discussed, topical and desirable not only at the level of individual states but also within the international community. Taking into account the above, the authors in the presented article deal with a critical assessment of the appropriateness of the proposal contained in the embedding of the special crime of ecocide originating from 2021 in the Rome Statute, including the formulation of appropriate de lege ferenda proposals.

La banda Cavallero était un groupe de braqueurs composée par Pietro Cavallero, Adriano Rovoletto et Sante Notarnicola qui a réalisé dix-huit braquages en cinq ans, blessant plusieurs personnes et en en tuant cinq autres, entre Turin et Milan. Ils font la une des journaux pendant la deuxième moitié des années 1960 en Italie, au point de diviser l’opinion publique. Sont-ils des simples criminels, ou des Robin des Bois dans une Italie qui se réveille du miracle économique en comptant ses blessures, économiques et sociales ? Si leur but initial était celui de recueillir de l’argent pour financer la guérilla à l’étranger et la lutte armée insurrectionnelle en Italie alors que les Brigades rouges étaient loin de voir le jour, au fil du temps, Cavallero et Rovoletto, à l’insu de Notarnicola, dépenseront tout l’argent pour leurs propres intérêts en trahissant le pacte social et politique établi entre eux. Et pourtant, leur mythe ne fait que s’accroitre, même quand ils seront capturés de façon rocambolesque et qu’ils passeront des décennies derrière les barreaux.

Copyright of Philological Research & Studies. Romance Languages Series / Studii şi Cercetări Filologice. Seria Limbi Romanice is the property of Philological Research & Studies. Romance Languages Series and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo Este texto tem a intenção de mostrar a amplitude da contribuição freudiana para a compreensão do fenômeno do crime em seu enraizamento na dinâmica profunda da cultura. Tomamos como ponto de partida alguns textos freudianos de curta extensão que tratam do crime em sua especificidade. São escritos dispersos em sua vasta obra, aparentemente pouco significativos, produzidos geralmente a partir de alguma demanda jurídica. Entretanto, como nosso propósito consiste em mostrar como o crime não pode ser entendido apenas em suas manifestações mais evidentes, mas deve ser visto como um índice da inter-relação dramática entre a gênese da cultura e a estrutura da subjetividade, não nos limitamos apenas a tais textos. Ao fazer uma reconstrução sintética e crítica do argumento freudiano, recorremos a diversas outras reflexões do fundador da psicanálise a partir de duas vertentes entrelaçadas: a da metapsicologia e a da interpretação da cultura.

The article Tactics of hearing the minor injured person in the case of crimes against sexual freedom and integrity before the court theoretical and practical aspects aims to analyze the stages of hearing the minor injured person in a case where crimes against sexual freedom and integrity are judged, presenting the questions prior to the hearing, the purpose of the hearing, the disposition of the hearing, legal assistance, establishing the place and time of the hearing, the presence of the psychologist, the preparation of the magistrate, the drawing up of the listening plan, the prior preparation of the injured person, conducting the actual hearing of the injured person, the types of questions asked, the analysis of the judge's behavior, establishing the framework where the hearing takes place and the participation of the people called to assist in this activity. Undoubtedly, the hearing of the minor injured person before the court in the case of crimes against sexual freedom and integrity is clearly demarcated from the other hearings, presenting a series of peculiarities, which are presented throughout the material. Starting from the topic of the conference, namely Forensics an important landmark in the search for the truth, we appreciate that Forensic Tactics as a component of Forensics provides the necessary means to find out the truth, to the extent that all the necessary resources are known and used to obtain complete statements from the persons interviewed according to the rules of criminal procedure and the rules of forensic tactics.

Immediately after the collapse of the communist system in Europe, the countries of central and eastern Europe experienced remarkable changes, not only political and economic, but also in the field of crime. Here, we refer to the exacerbation of violence, to the diversification of the modes of operation, to the structures of the gangs of criminals and to a greater internationalization of the links of the different types of crime. The governments of the European countries have recognized that, nowadays, organized crime, including in the segment of human trafficking, represents a real threat to the security and stability of the region and its population. Currently, by renewing the legislation and adapting the legislative arsenal (including the special investigation activity) to the international norms, the improvement of the criminal procedures is aimed to facilitate the activity of the judicial authorities in the field.

The impetuous evolution of market relations has led to the need for proper legal regulation of several aspects of economic life, including those relating to insolvency and crime in this area. However, the insolvency and its specificity, as a complex legal institution, include norms in the field of civil law, contravention, labor law, etc. Finally, all this has a direct link with the field of economic relations within society. At the beginning of the millennium, it was found that insolvency issues could not be solved only in the area of civil law in this matter. Intensive redistribution of property has led to the emergence of new forms and ways of evasion. The systematization of judicial practice in the field of insolvency highlights a wide application of this institution, including for reasons of profit or gain. The high degree of danger and the wide spread of these deeds have necessitated the operation of interventions in the matter of the appropriate sanctioning of the crimes related to insolvency. All these circumstances have determined the need to identify effective levers in the fight against illegal insolvency. We also recognize that law enforcement agencies are not adequately trained to effectively prevent and combat insolvency offenses. In these circumstances, we find that so far the forensic science has not developed an appropriate methodology in the field of investigation of insolvency offences.

In order to be used as evidence in criminal proceedings, objects containing in their structure or bearing marks on their surface in connection with the crime committed, documents or values of any kind must be in the possession of the judiciary by a legal means. The search represents the evidentiary procedure through which objects or documents are searched and seized that can serve as evidence in the criminal process. Conducting a search relates to the nature and peculiarities of the place. The search can be corporal, on vehicles and at home.

In March 1882, the Kingdom of Italy suspended diplomatic relations with the Republic of Uruguay because two Italian immigrants accused of murder, Raffaele Volpi and Vicenzo Patroni, had been tortured by the Uruguayan police. At that time, criminals and marginalized people were commonly stigmatized and persecuted by the authorities, who considered them to be blocking the political and cultural development of »modern« Uruguay. This context framed the episode. Through historical analysis of the Volpi-Patroni case, its broad press coverage and transnational impact, this article examines the complex process of social identity formation at the time of the massive arrival and inclusion of foreigners into Uruguay society in the last two decades of the 19th century.

In this paper, I proceeded to examine the crime of false identity regarding the text of the act of incrimination. Thus, we analysed the subjects, as well as the objective and subjective side of the crime with direct reference to the recent judicial practice in the matter. We also highlighted the elements of similarity as well as those of differentiation between the texts of the two laws, the analysis being useful both from a doctrinal perspective and for the identification and application of the more favourable criminal law. The novelty elements consist in the analysis performed, with reference to the recent judicial practice, as well as in the citation of several authors from the Romanian doctrine. The paper is part of a university course to be published by a recognized publishing house in the field of legal sciences. By the way of approach, the paper can be useful to the students of the profile faculties in the country, as well as to the practitioners of the criminal law.

O tráfico humano já existe deste o início da humanidade, mas tem-se vindo a intensificar de ano para ano, com uma cinética ascendente mais proeminente nos últimos anos, consequente a eventos catastróficos como guerras e a pandemia COVID-19. Isto acontece, inclusive, porque os principais vitimas-alvo verificadas são indivíduos mais vulneráveis, nomeadamente desempregadas e migrantes. Sendo assim, e como seria de esperar, é atualmente uma espécie de “pandemia”, com alastramento a nível mundial, embora com maior incidência em determinadas zonas do globo. Mundialmente, predomina o tráfico com o intuito de exploração sexual, cujas principais vítimas são do género feminino. Segue-se o tráfico com o objetivo de trabalho forçado, já mais relevante no género masculino. Em Portugal, a maioria das vítimas são do género masculino, traficados com o destino de trabalho agrícola. Apesar do elevado número de denúncias, sabe-se que muitos casos continuam subnotificados, daí a importância de abordar este tema, de forma a consciencializar e rever estratégias de atuação na comunidade. Este artigo consiste numa revisão de dados dos últimos anos.

According to statistical data, the number of entities that declared insolvency in the Republic of Moldova has increased significantly. Thus, if, in 2016, 673 economic agents were declared insolvent, then only in the first quarter of 2022 their number stood at 2968 . In all countries of the world, no matter the level and degree of development of their economy, there is such a phenomenon as insolvency. It is obvious that a natural or legal person could become insolvent because of excess debt or lack of liquidity. In other cases, however, it is found that insolvency occurs because entrepreneurs are not able to manage their business, or they intentionally, through illicit actions, cause the company's poor economic condition. Therefore, the economic and financial difficulties of an enterprise may have the "domino" negative effect of attracting the financial collapse of business partners . We consider that the legislation of the Republic of Moldova provides sufficient instruments for the authorized administrator and the State Tax Service to have the possibility, together with the insolvency process, to identify offenses committed by the debtor even after the insolvency proceedings have been initiated. At the same time, we can assume that the detection of the insolvency offense in the Republic of Moldova is a rare phenomenon, because we are confronted with the problem of lack of professional training and specialization in the given field of the criminal investigation bodies, the competence in examining these crimes is assigned to the general organs of Ministry of Internal Affairs, according to art. 266 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Moldova. However, the offense of insolvency (fictitious and intentional), as an economic crime, requires extensive knowledge of the financial and accounting field, civil law, insolvency, etc., for the instrumental provision of complex strategic investigations following the experience of the European Union. It is therefore important that criminal investigation structures investigating economic offenses in general and insolvency offenses in particular should have a high return through full use of institutional and professional capacities.

Na esteira das comemorações em torno do centenário de José Saramago, esse artigo busca contribuir com os estudos sobre a obra do escritor portu­guês, visando mostrar em O homem duplicado, publicado em 2002, a con­figuração de uma transgressão que irá resultar, no decorrer da narrativa, em crime doloso e culposo, por meio da ação das personagens centrais do romance, tomadas por uma ação desmedida. Pensamos com essa análise mostrar como o escritor português atualiza alguns elementos da tragédia clássica, incorporando-os no gênero híbrido que é o romance.