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Copyright of Médiévales is the property of Presses Universitaires de Vincennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anthropologica is the property of CASCA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A broader view of grammar looks at text rather than the sentence as the framework for communication from thematic, semantic, and pragmatic points of view. (MSE)

Envisages the environment as that which surrounds, conditions, opposes, and allows one to understand, identify, and attain a series of objectives. The relationship of this understanding of environment to second language learning is explored, with particular emphasis on recent methodologies that see language as a culture's mode of expression. (AMH)

Copyright of Autrepart is the property of Presses de Sciences Po and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An introduction to the journal is presented in which the theme of the return of South American immigrants to their country of origin is explored, the global reconfiguration of Latin American migrations is examined, and the situation of Spain as the first European country receiving South American immigrants is emphasized.

Copyright of Historia Constitucional is the property of Revista Historia Constitucional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Belge d'Archéologie et Histoire de l'Art is the property of Academie Royale d'Archeologie de Belgique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Generale de Droit is the property of Universite d'Ottawa, Section de Droit Civil and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyzes several political pamphlets published in Spain during the reign of Charles II d'Espagne and whose contents focus on the themes of tyranny, the right to resistance, and just war. Topics include the duty to criticize and the right to resist, the notions of the common good and sedition, representative assemblies and the role of the Cortes, and the role of don Juan José de Austria, a Spanish general and the son of King Philip IV of Spain.

Copyright of Bulletin des bibliothèques de France is the property of ENSSIB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Anthropologie et Sociétés is the property of Anthropologie et Societies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article looks at the development of a public education system in Spain with focus given to the relationship between State and education from the 19th to the 20th century. It is suggested that the legislative work of the Spanish parliament Cortes de la Nación in the first decade of the 19th century contributed to the legal founding of the Spanish education system. The author discusses the development of a national education system during the reign of Spanish King Joseph Bonaparte and the establishment of the administrative, economic, and legal bases for a new state education system between 1833 and 1857.

Copyright of Anuario Colombiano de Derecho Internacional is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Médecine Buccale Chirurgie Buccale is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

On considère des circuits changeurs de fréquence, multiplicateurs et diviseurs, du type parallèle ou série, sans branches auxiliaires, utilisant une nonlinéarité purement réactive. On donne une méthode de calcul des courbesréponses en fonction des désaccords des filtres, à l'aide de variables réduites définies par référence au circuit adapté, et faisant usage d'un développement en série de Taylor de la caractéristique non linéaire limité à l'ordre N pour une multiplication ou une division par un facteur N; on est amené à résoudre deux équations algébriques, l'une de degré N - 1, l'autre du second degré. La méthode est appliquée aux cas d'un doubleur de fréquence, d'un tripleur et d'un diviseur par trois et on donne quelques exemples de courbesréponses, qui mettent en évidence le comportement du circuit dans le voisinage des points d'adaptation et la différence fondamentale qui existe dans la nature des courbes pour les circuits multiplicateurs et diviseurs. Le calcul des courbesréponses en fonction de la fréquence de la source est plus complexe et nous indiquons leur allure dans le cas d'un doubleur. En nous servant des équations réduites du circuit, nous examinons ensuite les conditions à remplir pour développer dans la charge la puissance maximale, dans le domaine où l'adaptation ne peut être réalisée. Cette analyse met en évidence une autre différence fondamentale entre les circuits multiplicateurs et diviseurs: il apparaît que, si les multiplicateurs peuvent fonctionner aussi loin que l'on veut de la limite d'adaptation, les diviseurs par contre ne fonctionnent que dans un domaine très étroit au-delá de cette limite. Cette analyse nous donne également l'occasion de montrer que, contrairement à ce qui est couramment admis, on n'a pas nécessairement le droit d'admettre que le circuit puisse être adapté avec les filtres à l'accord. On termine par une évaluation des erreurs commises en négligeant les termes d'ordre supérieur à N du développement en série de la caractéristique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of Telecommunications is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La normalisation en acoustique a été axée principalement sur les problèmes relatifs à l'étude des bruits elle a pour but de préciser les définitions ainsi que les méthodes et appareillage de mesure. L'autenr passe en revue les documents déjà établis ainsi que les questions en cours d'étude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lorsqu'un signal sinusoïdal excite une salle sur l'une de ses fréquences de résonance, isolée et d'amplitude prépondérante, le son s'amortit après coupure de la source, avec un seul taux de décroissance et sur cette fréquence seulement. D'après la courbe de réponse en fréquences de la salle, on définit sur chaque résonance une bande passante, que l'on relie au temps d'amortissement. On obtient une relation simple: la durée de réverbération t carie comme l'inverse de la bande passante Δf de la résonance. Les résultats des vérifications expérimentales, effectuées dans trois salles réverbérantes et dans une maquette, pour des durées de réverbération comprises entre 0,65 et 40 secondes, montrent que la théorie simplifiée se trouve convenablement confirmée, compte tenu d'une faible dispersion. Par ailleurs, l'enregistrement simultané en trois points d'une salle met en évidence des résonances de caractéristiques différentes, auxquelles on peut attribuer les inégalités des réponses obtenues aux points sourds, et les dispersions constatées dans les mesures du temps de réverbération. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of Telecommunications is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of Telecommunications is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of Telecommunications is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of Telecommunications is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)