Lhomme, Sébastien, Legrand-Abravanel, Florence, Capelli, Nicolas, Marion, Olivier, El Costa, Hicham, Jabrane-Ferrat, Nabila, Chen, Qian, Gouilly, Jordi, Champagne, Eric, Chapuy-Regaud, Sabine, Kamar, Nassim, Izopet, Jacques, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Purpan, Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB) - Hôpital Purpan, Institut francilien recherche, innovation et société (IFRIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-OST-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-ESIEE Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Sciences et Technologies du Medicament de Toulouse Toulouse, France. (UMR2587, CNRS-PIERRE FABRE), PIERRE FABRE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade do Algarve (UAlg), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Néphrologie - Hypertension Artérielle Dialyse - Transplantation, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-OST-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-ESIEE Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital de Rangueil, and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]
National audience; Hepatitis E virus (HEV) presents a worldwide distribution. In developing countries, hepatitis E, related to HEV1 and HEV2, is a waterborne disease. In developed countries, hepatitis E is a zoonotic disease due to HEV3 and HEV4. It is mainly transmitted through meat consumption from animal reservoirs such as pig, boar, deer and rabbit. New clinical forms include neurological manifestations that are now clearly associated with HEV3 infection. Recent studies showed that ORF1 polyprotein was able to disrupt the innate immune response. It was also shown that ORF2 protein exists at least in two forms: a free, glycosylated form and a non-glycosylated form, which assembles to form the capsid. Lastly, it was shown that ORF3 protein, involved in the virus egress, acts as a viroporin. New culture systems and animal models have been developed recently, and will be very helpful to complete our understanding of HEV life cycle and pathogenesis.