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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Education / Revue Canadienne de l'Éducation is the property of Canadian Society for the Study of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This document highlights that the Peruvian State took advantage of the pandemic as an opportunity to infringe upon the rights of indigenous peoples by accelerating the prior consultation processes in the mining sector, thus violating rights recognized in its own legislation and the jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court. The analysis of consultation processes (2020-2022) evidenced (I) lack of accessibility, as the State used legal Spanish in all process documents, despite the fact that in 77.7% of the communities, over 80% of the population had an indigenous language as their mother tongue; (II) lack of good faith, as 88% of the cases had stages shortened and the intercultural dialogue stage excluded; and (III) the failure to aim at reaching an agreement, using less time and recording only a matrix of agreements from one community.

Introduction. The deregulated excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion has a detrimental impact on the evolution of COVID-19, aggregating tissue impairment, organ failure, and increasing the risk for death. Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of Tocilizumab (TCZ) in reducing hyperimmune response in severe forms of COVID-19. Materials and methods. This study is a retrospective cohort consisting of a sample of 66 patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The 1-st group consists of 33 patients treated with TCZ 200 mg IV once, and the 2-nd group – of 33 patients treated with TCZ 400 mg IV once. Results. The average age of the patients included in the study was 58,22±1,38 years. A decision regarding TCZ administration was made on average on the 11,34±0,31 day of the disease when the beginning of Cytokine Storm was suspected in the patients already on dexamethasone treatment. The dose of TCZ had significance on the duration of patients' disabilities, duration of oxygen therapy, and duration of hospitalization, with better results for TCZ 400 mg vs. TCZ 200 mg. However, we cannot prove that the dose of TCZ influences the percentage of patients transferred to the ICU for invasive or non-invasive ventilation. Conclusion. The 200 mg fixed dose of TCZ can be a life-saving option for severely ill patients with COVID-19 in the context of IL-6 inhibitor supply shortages.

Introduction. Contemporary researchers have suggested and demonstrated the hypothesis that the elevated level of D-dimers, which is a valuable marker of coagulation and fibrinolysis activation, can predict the severity of COVID-19, pulmonary complications, and thromboembolic events before they occur. Material and methods. The bibliographic resources were analyzed and selected from databases such as PubMed, Hinari, SpringerLink, and Google Search using keywords such as “COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “coronavirus,” “D-dimers,” “biomarkers,” and “severity prediction,” which were used in various combinations to maximize search efficiency. Therefore, the manuscript contains 51 representative articles for this synthesis article. Results. The D-dimer levels are significantly higher in patients with severe forms of COVID-19 compared to those with non-severe forms, in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome compared to those without acute respiratory distress syndrome, and in deceased patients compared to those who have survived. D-dimers positively correlate with the degree of severity and the increased risk of progression to severe disease, inversely proportional to the survival rate. They can predict prognosis, determine therapeutic strategies, prevent complications, positively influence the disease’s course, and monitor the prognosis. Conclusions. D-dimers should be used as a pre-radiographic screening tool as early as possible after admission and as an indicator for risk stratification of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Based on the increase in D-dimer levels, adjusting therapeutic doses of anticoagulants is more beneficial for patients compared to administering prophylactic doses.

Introduction: While some patients recovered, others died across the world thereby losing their loved ones. The objective of the current study is to determine statistical differences in means of the COVID-19 infected population (laboratory confirmed), discharged cases(recovered) and deaths resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic in Rivers State, Nigeria. Material and Methods: In this study, extraction of the infected population (laboratory confirmed), discharged cases, and deaths from COVID-19 was carried out from data obtained from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control which covered 572 days (25th March 2020 - 17th October 2021). The test for the significance of means among the variables was done using a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey HSD test. The two variables whose means do not significantly differ were tested for strength of relationship and dependence using correlation analysis and cubic polynomial function respectively. Results: Results showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the infected population, discharged cases, and deaths from COVID-19 as obtained from one-way ANOVA (F(2, 1710) = 121.958, p = 0.000). Use of the Tukey HSD test indicated that the means of infected population and discharged cases do not differ from each other (p>0.01); however, mean deaths from COVID-19 significantly differ from others at 99% confidence intervals (p

Objetivo: Analisar as desinformações em saúde checadas pela plataforma de fact-checking Agência Lupa a fim de entender como a desinformação em saúde foi compartilhada nas plataformas digitais nos primeiros meses após a pandemia da COVID-19, e quais foram as suas principais tendências no Brasil. Método: Adota-se a abordagem quali-quantitativa no processo de extração, interpretação e visualização dos conteúdos checados, por meio da técnica de raspagem de dados e análise de textos digitais. Resultado: Constata-se que os conteúdos desinformativos que imitam fontes confiáveis a partir de imagens e vídeos, circulados na plataforma WhatsApp, propagaram-se por múltiplos canais, dispersando a desinformação em saúde. Além disso, observa-se padrões de persistência e constância quanto ao termo Vacina, indicando-o como escopo de uma narrativa contínua de desinformação. Conclusões: Conclui-se que os aspectos das práticas de desinformação destacados pelo método adotado podem subsidiar estratégias de combate à desinformação em saúde no Brasil.

Presents and analyzes data collected in the network research called "Education and Rural Schools in times of Covid-19 pandemic." It takes as analytical cut the 113 online questionnaires answered, between June and July 2020, by the students of the Bachelor of Rural Education course - Agrarian Sciences of the Federal University of the Recôncavo of Bahia. The objective is to discuss possibilities/impossibilities in the construction of the alternation regime as curricular organization of the Higher Education of the working peoples of the Rural Area, of the waters and of the forests in the pandemic period, giving voice to the students. As results we have the detailed profile of the respondents of the questionnaire and their indications about the teaching of the University in that period, problematizing possibilities and impossibilities of the curriculum alternating in Higher Education of the Rural area during the pandemic of the Covid-19.

People’s lives have been significantly affected by COVID-19, including the elderly, who have sought to limit personal contact, especially during quarantine periods. Their shopping habits, and their daily lives changed, too. The basis of my research was a longitudinal study conducted by the Department of Gerontology of the University of Debrecen, Faculty of Health Sciences. I conducted a two-region study in the summer of 2021, using the interview technique. I was looking for answers to the question how and to what extent the COVID-19 epidemic has affected the lives of members of older people’s organisations, and how and in what ways their habits have changed, such as the use of digital devices and consumption in general. The results show that during the pandemic, in 2020, telephone contact was the main mode of communication between members of organisations, while in the following year, 2021, there were almost equal numbers of people who preferred online contact and those who preferred traditional telephone contact. Older people have presumably become more open to the online world, which is why internet use and online contact have become more common. During the period under review, older people’s willingness to use digital tools increased and this also broadened their opportunities, such as by developing their skills, which was often a necessity. This is also true for online purchases. Online consumption has also increased among older age groups, as well as among all age groups of domestic consumers. For older people in particular, this is influenced by their opportunities for digitalisation. The main advantage of digitalisation for older people is that they can keep in touch with each other and with their family members living further away much more easily, but the disadvantage is the financial cost, as not all older people can afford to have the right technical conditions, internet access and skills.

The economic impact of the tourism and hospitality sector as an economic system is partly general, similar to other sectors of the economy, and partly specific. At the same time, the sector is a major driving force for macro-economies, with positive effects on various sectors of the economy. Based on an analysis of current statistical data, the study formulates the characteristics of the sector: the share of hotels and restaurants in GDP, the revenue from accommodation fees of commercial accommodation establishments, the evolution of the turnover of guests in commercial accommodation establishments, the average gross monthly earnings of employed persons, etc. Analysing the data for the period under review, 2008-2021, we can see that Hungary started to see some growth in employment and average gross earnings after 2010, but still lagging behind the targets set in 2005. In line with international trends, tourism in Hungary has developed positively in several areas by 2019, reaching or exceeding pre-2008 crisis levels, with overall growth in the sector exceeding the national economy average. However, the sector’s performance was also significantly affected by the sharp decline caused by Covid-19 and the war situation in 2022. The aim of the analysis is to present the impact of the international financial crisis starting in 2008 and the Covid-19 epidemic in March 2020, to compare the effects of the two crises on GDP, labour market factors, with a special focus on the accommodation and food services sector.

Abstract This paper explores the multifaceted impact of Covid-19 on Sesto San Giovanni, in the Milan metropolitan area. It analyzes the challenges faced by local businesses and how the city responded with extraordinary measures for public spaces, revitalizing commercial sectors, and adopting new coping mechanisms. The pandemic underscored the strategic importance of public spaces and commercial activities as vital infrastructures for societal well-being and resilience. Integrating outdoor amenities like dehors and parklets into urban redevelopment plans has boosted economic vitality and social cohesion, creating a vibrant and interconnected urban environment.

This study ascertained counsellors’ perception on the adoption of E-counselling for students’ support during COVID-19 pandemic in Secondary schools, adopting a descriptive survey method. The population of study was counsellors in secondary schools in Lagos state, using purposive sampling in selecting 90 of them for the study. The instrument for data collection was a 29-item 4-point Likert scale questionnaire titled Counsellors’ Perception on Adoption of E-counselling (CPAEC). The split half method was used to determine the stability of the instrument yielding 0.82. Data collected were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study revealed that counsellors are computer literate, capable and willing to adopt e-counselling. The test of first hypotheses yielded a t-test value of (3.65) which was higher than the (t-crit of 1.99), this shows that the perceived ease of use significantly affects adoption of e-counselling among counsellors. The test of hypothesis two yielded t-test value of (-0.67) which was less than (t- crit of 1.99). Hence, the hypothesis which states that counsellors’ perceived usefulness of e-counselling will not significantly affect adoption of e-counselling mode among counsellors in Lagos state was upheld. From the findings of the study, one of the recommendations was training on e-counselling use should be organized for counsellors.

Apresenta uma pesquisa que investigou a percepção de adolescentes sobre sua aprendizagem escolar antes da pandemia, durante o isolamento social e, atualmente. Seguindo um delineamento metodológico exploratório-descritivo e transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, a amostra foi composta por sessenta e quatro (n=64) adolescentes, entre 14 e 17 anos, de três escolas da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS. A coleta de dados foi realizada no primeiro semestre de 2022, utilizando-se um questionário autoaplicável. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva da distribuição de frequência das variáveis e o Teste de Friedman para comparar dados e verificar a existência de diferenças significativas. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Os resultados indicam que os adolescentes avaliaram negativamente as aulas online entendendo que durante o período de isolamento social, as aulas online foram de baixa qualidade técnica e pedagógica e que não contribuíram para o seu aprendizado, acarretando fraca assimilação dos conteúdos ministrados.

Between 2020 and 2023, a period of time assailed by the COVID-19 pandemic, society – as a worldwide social system –experienced a novel kind of communication. The tendency for this communication to exponentially expand is due to the global numbers of people dead, dying or infected. Pandemic communication has arisen in the present to perpetuate itself in all ambiences for every social system around the globe. The health system, in turn, basing itself on the health/disease code, has reacted according to its own logic in the coordination of the actions of doctors. However, the true/false nature of communication arising from questions related to COVID-19 has taken a long time to be tested by the science system. Vaccines and possible treatments for the disease have created issues for political, economic, moral, religious and media matters. The continually expanding trend in pandemic communication has proven that it can hinder the functional differentiation of social systems. Legal communication has not been able to avoid all of the controversy. In the specific case of Law, the problem entails both the judicialization of health and the reverse (where Health becomes Law). Based on the Social Systems Theory Applied to Law, the paper argues that the maintenance of the functional differentiation of the Law system becomes necessary so as for Health not to become Law (and vice versa).

The COVID-19 pandemic affected an already critical state of the Italian National Healthcare System and of the Welfare State in general. The aim of this work is to describe how the challenge imposed by pandemic has been faced, and the possible directions that social and health policies could take in the country, also in light of the adoption of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan. Through the analysis of the deep-rooted contradictions in public policies and of the areas where the intervention is more urgent, the work underlines the structural factors which are leading to a progressive shift in the vision of health, from a perspective centred on the role of the State and the protection of the public interest, to one where the role of the private sector and the idea of individual interest are ever stronger, with a consequent change in the balance between economics, legal and political systems.

Citizenship appears to us as an incessant constituent process, as a dynamic that is never stabilised, as a continuous development of struggles, conflicts, tensions, relationships, contestations and negotiations between social groups and rulers, between subordinate movements and hegemonic institutions. On this level, we can already understand the city (both conceptually and practically) as a political space that crosses bodies, arranging, placing and dislocating them in a series of interactions and relations that configure sociality and power. It is from these interactions that a process of subjectification (valorisation and qualification) and social de-subjectification is initiated: a process that finds in the urban fabric the prerequisites for political realisation (individual and collective) and for the social recognition of human beings. Beyond the many aspects that accompany this discourse, what we are most interested in emphasising here is the relationship between the idea of citizenship, the exercise of political rights and the cultures of living, which after the state of emergency linked to COVID-19 has redesigned an idea of public health as a form on which to redefine social relations.

Background and Objective: Neuropathic pain is an occasionally reported complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) that has received increased attention in scientific literature. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to provide information on the frequency of neuropathic pain associated with Covid-19. Databases and Data Treatment: We systematically reviewed and analysed literature regarding neuropathic pain associated with Covid-19. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. We considered prospective and retrospective studies published up until September 2022 (limitations included English language, full-text publications and studies including at least 10 patients). A random effects meta-analysis was performed and heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. Results: We identified 149 studies. We included 17 studies in the systematic review, and six studies reporting the frequency of neuropathic pain in the acute/subacute phase of Covid-19 in the meta-analysis. The estimated frequency of neuropathic pain ranged between 0.4 and 25%. Forest plot analysis showed that the random effect overall frequency was 10% (95% confidence interval: 5%–15%), with a high level of heterogeneity (Chi2 = 104; Tau2 = 0.004; df = 5; I2 = 95%; test for overall effect: Z = 3.584; p < 0.0005). The overall risk of bias was moderate in all studies selected, particularly due to the poor description of neuropathic pain diagnostic criteria. Conclusions: The pooled estimated frequency of neuropathic pain associated with Covid-19 should be considered with caution due to the high heterogeneity across studies and the poor description of the neuropathic pain diagnostic criteria applied. Significance : Emerging evidence supports the development of neuropathic pain as a complication of Covid-19. However, longitudinal studies enrolling consecutive patients with Covid-19 that detail the diagnostic criteria for neuropathic pain are needed to better assess the frequency of this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic, which began in March 2020, posed a major public health challenge due to the virulence of the Sars-Cov-2 virus and the subsequent lockdowns. Because the Sars-Cov-2 virus interacts with ACE2 receptors on the surface of cells, which are notably present in the male genital tract, concerns were raised about the impact of Covid-19 on male fertility. The presence of Sars-Cov-2 in semen is currently controversial. In fact, only four studies out of about twenty have detected its presence in the ejaculate. However, most of these studies involved a small number of men with mild symptoms of Covid-19. SARS CoV-2's impact on male fertility appears to be more common through alterations in hormonal regulation, sperm quality, and inflammation of reproductive tissues. Vaccines do not present any danger to reproductive health apart from the risks associated with a transient fever. The pandemic has been a source of anxiety and stress for couples undergoing ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology) treatment because lockdowns and recommended precautions delayed their care. Data on the impact of Sars-Cov-2 on ART outcomes are controversial. Some studies show a negative effect on ovarian function, compromising pregnancy chances, while others show no significant impact on live birth rates. The lockdowns and interruptions in ART activities had a psychological impact on couples, but the guidelines issued by scientific societies allowed for the resumption of activities with special health precautions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Development Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En este estudio se analiza la representación de China en la prensa española durante la pandemia de COVID-19, utilizando un marco analítico compuesto por la teoría de la valoración, el sistema de transitividad y la lingüística de corpus. Nuestra investigación se basa en un corpus especializado que consta de 271 artículos extraídos de los periódicos españoles El País, El Mundo, La Vanguardia y ABC. Se aplican diversas técnicas de análisis, como palabras clave, colocaciones y concordancias, con el fin de identificar patrones y tendencias en la representación de China. Los resultados indican que los periódicos españoles han transmitido una imagen multifacética de China, empleando diversos recursos lingüísticos para expresar su postura actitudinal. La prosodia valorativa hacia China es variable, con instancias de valoraciones tanto positivas como negativas. Por un lado, se valora de manera positiva la efectividad de las medidas anti-COVID implementadas por China y la capacidad del país en la gestión de la crisis. Por otro lado, se critica el sistema sanitario chino, se describen algunas de sus medidas como draconianas y se le atribuye en ocasiones una imagen ambiciosa y arrogante. El presente trabajo proporciona información relevante sobre cómo los medios de comunicación españoles presentan la imagen de China durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y contribuye al entendimiento de la importancia y la viabilidad de estudiar la imagen desde un enfoque discursivo.

Research on the Covid-19 pandemic highlights it as a catalyst for significant changes in mobility patterns. The health crisis sparked a renewed focus on cycling as a viable mode of daily transportation and prompted new public policies, including support for bicycle repairs and the establishment of temporary cycling infrastructure known as "coronapistes". This article investigates the development of the pro-bike association network in the Île-de-France region, examining its evolution from 1970 to 2023 and analyzing its spatial dynamics. It poses the question: To what extent did the Covid-19 crisis act as a catalyst for ongoing processes, or did it serve as a driver for more transformative change? Drawing on both quantitative data (a census of associations) and qualitative insights (narratives of organizational histories, interviews with association members, local authorities, and institutions), the research compares two sets of data: one collected prior to 2020 and another gathered afterward. The findings indicate that the advocacy efforts of these associations have played a crucial role in establishing cycling as a legitimate mode of transport in the Paris region. Although the foundations of these pro-bike discussions were laid well before the Covid-19 crisis, the pandemic has significantly enhanced the legitimacy, structure, and effectiveness of the associated movements. The degree of this impact varies based on the level of action involved.

The year 2020 was marked by the health crisis caused by COVID-19, and as a result, the sudden switch from a face-to-face learning teaching modality to a totally distance learning one was imposed. This change of modality placed the actors involved in an unprecedented situation, in which they were encouraged to adapt their teaching practices, in particular their professional gestures, to a totally online teaching modality. The aim of this study is first to identify the difficulties encountered by teachers in coping with this change, and then to assess the impact of this teaching mode on their professional gestures, in the light of Jorro’s model (2005). To this end, we opted for qualitative research carried out through semi-directive interviews with forty teachers belonging to the different establishments of Mohammed First University. These teachers expressed difficulties in implementing professional gestures in a distance learning context. This subsequently led to changes in the appearance and suppression of certain gestures.

Cet article montre comment l’analyse des modes de résolution de l’incohérence dans le discours permet de repérer des indices révélateurs du caractère « complotiste » d’un discours et de le distinguer d’un discours « non-complotiste ». Il examine certains des principaux traits de définition du « complotisme » dans la littérature scientifique et, à partir de trois analyses de cas tirées d’entretiens réalisés avec des personnes opposées à la politique sanitaire française durant la crise de la Covid-19, montre la façon dont ces traits peuvent faire écho à certaines formes de résolution de l’incohérence dans le discours. Il propose de montrer comment certains éléments de la rhétorique complotiste peuvent fonctionner davantage comme une stratégie ponctuelle, voire opportuniste que comme une vision du monde totale et systématique.

This article shows that analyzing how incoherence is resolved in discourse makes it possible to identify clues revealing the “conspiracy” nature of a specific discourse and to distinguish it from a “non-conspiracy” one. It examines some of the main defining features of “conspiracism” in the scientific literature and, based on the analysis of three case studies drawn from interviews with people opposed to the French health policy during the Covid-19 crisis, shows how these features can be echoed in certain forms of resolution of incoherence in discourse. The study reveals that some elements of conspiracy rhetoric can function more as an occasional, or even opportunistic, strategy, than a total and systematic worldview.

O governo brasileiro decretou a Emergência em Saúde Pública Nacional, causada pela pandemia da covid-19, em 3 de fevereiro de 2020. Temos atualmente alguns autores que advertem para a necessidade de entender melhor as implicações neurológicas da doença, seja por seu potencial de causar danos aos tecidos e conexões cerebrais, ou pelo histórico dos efeitos do Coronavírus. Na América Latina e no Brasil, há notável carência de informações sobre os efeitos neuropsicológicos da covid-19. A síndrome pós-covid-19 crônica é uma condição que pode persistir até um ano após a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2, cujos sintomas mais comuns incluem fadiga, falta de ar, dor muscular, dor de cabeça, problemas de memória e concentração e alterações de humor. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi observar a relação entre a quantidade de sintomas de covid-19, o tempo de internação, a passagem ou não por UTI e déficits cognitivos, avaliados através de testes padronizados para a população brasileira. Foram selecionados 108 pacientes com diagnóstico de SARS-CoV-2 através de testagem com SWAB (RT-PCR), que buscaram reabilitação cardiopulmonar ou neurofuncional. Os sujeitos responderam à um questionário de anamnese, Figura Complexa de Rey, RAVLT, subteste dígitos e WASI. Quando observamos isoladamente o subgrupo que esteve em UTI, os dados indicaram correlações moderadas demonstrando que o desempenho da inteligência geral medida pelo WASI foi melhor para quem recebeu mais tempo de intervenção em UTI. A gravidade da doença, medida pela quantidade de sintomas, parece ter tido impacto mínimo no desempenho cognitivo dos sujeitos da mostra.

La pandemia por covid-19 afectó a la población en general deteniendo casi por completo la economía a nivel global, por lo que es fundamental identificar las implicaciones organizacionales que tuvo a partir de las cifras contables. El propósito de este artículo es analizar el impacto financiero y la creación de valor ocasionado por la crisis de la covid-19 en las pymes de Colombia, a través del estado de flujos de efectivo (efe). Para ello, se utilizó una muestra de 11.908 pymes durante 2019 y 2020. Se aplicó la técnica de bootstrapping para calcular la diferencia de medianas de diversos indicadores financieros relacionados con el efe. Los resultados evidencian que el sector más afectado esta crisis fue el de servicios con mayor declive financiero; la diferencia de medianas muestra variaciones estadísticamente. significativas en sus actividades operacionales. Este trabajo aporta a la literatura académica, ya que evalúa el impacto financiero a partir del efe de las pymes colombianas durante una época de crisis empresarial, además de servir de apoyo a posteriores investigaciones o en la planeación de estrategias empresariales en tiempos de incertidumbre.

Resumo A Covid-19 é uma síndrome respiratória que acometeu o mundo de 2020 a 2023, quando a Organização Mundial de Saúde decretou o fim da emergência sanitária. Nesse contexto pandêmico, os profissionais de saúde vivenciaram desafios diários, permeados por medos e perdas, reais e simbólicas. O objetivo desta pesquisa empírica qualitativa foi analisar como os profissionais da saúde que atuam no serviço público, na região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, vivenciaram os medos e lutos durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Para tal, participaram 20 profissionais de saúde, de diversas áreas de formação, que atuavam na linha de frente nos dois primeiros anos de pandemia, selecionados através do método bola de neve. Os instrumentos utilizados foram questionário sociodemográfico e entrevista semiestruturada, ambos aplicados virtualmente e gravados através da plataforma Zoom, no segundo semestre de 2022. Os dados foram coletados e, após análise temático-categorial, emergiram três categorias: pandemia; medos; mortes e perdas.

O presente artigo objetiva verificar quais as estratégias adotadas pelo Twitter, para combater a desinformação que circula em seu domínio, no contexto da pandemia do Novo Coronavírus. Diante deste problema, explicitado pelo método de abordagem dedutivo, a pesquisa parte de uma situação ampla, demonstrada pelo fenômeno da desinformação virtual, com ênfase na pandemia da Covid-19, encaminhando-se para a verificação de um caso específico, demonstrado por meio da análise da “Política de informações enganosas sobre a Covid-19”, do Twitter. Associado a esse referencial metodológico, o presente estudo utilizou o método de procedimento monográfico, combinando as técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, pois foi analisada a “Política de informações enganosas sobre a Covid-19”, no site do Twitter, bem como os estudos de especialistas da área do Direito Digital e da tecnologia. Por fim, concluiu-se que o Twitter proíbe, como regra geral, a publicação de conteúdos falsos sobre a Covid-19 que possam causar danos aos indivíduos. Além disso, apurou-se que, como forma de sanção ao descumprimento de suas diretrizes, a plataforma estabelece determinadas categorias de medidas interventivas a serem aplicadas às postagens violadoras de sua política, a saber: a exclusão do tweet; a marcação do conteúdo violador; e o bloqueio ou a suspensão permanente da conta do usuário do Twitter.

Resumo Este artigo investiga os processos de reconfiguração e percepção da vacinação infantil contra Covid-19 no Brasil e o cuidado da criança no pós-pandemia. Por meio da etnografia em ambientes digitais, analisamos os argumentos utilizados para questionar a vacina a partir de quatro campos (Telegram, Twitter, YouTube e Instagram). Com isso, buscamos compreender qual é a percepção dos indivíduos em relação à segurança e os riscos do imunizante, como se dá a reconfiguração da cultura da vacinação infantil no Brasil e como isso acaba reverberando em outras instâncias da vida social. Observamos que os argumentos apresentados pelos indivíduos para negar a vacina já foram utilizados em emergências sanitárias anteriores (como o HPV e a H1N1) e possuem um forte apelo por liberdade e pela manutenção dos direitos individuais, além de colocar a criança como responsabilidade da família, não cabendo esse papel ao Estado.

Background: The World Health Organization, stated that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic not only affected the socioeconomic well-being of millions but also had adverse effects on public health, particularly in the management of chronic diseases at the primary healthcare (PHC) level. What remained unknown was the experiences of professional nurses(PNs) working in PHC regarding this issue. Aim: The study aimed to explore and describe the lived experiences of PHC nurses in managing chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Setting: The study was conducted in the North West province, South Africa. Methods: A qualitative descriptive phenomenological design was employed to collect and analyse data. Face-to-face interviews were conducted and audio recorded with 16 PNs from five high-volume PHC facilities selected purposively. Results: The study’s findings reveal four themes: suboptimal care for patients with chronic disease, a lack of resources, mental health challenges experienced by PHC nurses, and stigma and discrimination from both family and community members. Conclusion: The neglect of PHC and its frontline healthcare staff has impeded the mental health of PHC workers and the management of chronic diseases thus any progress made in reducing the burden of chronic diseases is likely to have regressed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Contribution: Policymakers should prioritise strengthening PHC by implementing integrated disease management policies, ensuring ethical clinical standards, providing supportive supervision, fair resource allocation and capacity building for PHC staff. In addition, addressing stigma and discrimination, and raising awareness among families and communities is crucial for future pandemics to effectively manage both chronic and infectious diseases.

Resumo Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa, com recorte entre 2020 e 2022, com objetivo de análise das políticas públicas globais implementadas durante a pandemia de Covid-19 para salvaguardar a saúde e os direitos humanos de migrantes e refugiados. A análise foi baseada em 24 artigos de 424 recuperados das bases de dados: Pubmed, Scopus, BVS e Wiley. A partir da análise, emergiram três eixos temáticos: Saúde, Trabalho e Proteção Social. As medidas adotadas pelos Estados foram múltiplas e heterogêneas, variando a cada realidade e status migratório dos indivíduos, como forma de oportunizar ou privar seu acesso às políticas de saúde, trabalho e seguridade social. Dessa forma, tais políticas também serviram como processos de estratificação e controle biopolítico. Portanto, é necessário superar barreiras estruturais e dirimir desigualdades, combater a xenofobia e o racismo, e aplicar plenamente os dispositivos dos tratados internacionais e proteger essas populações contra o arbítrio.

Este artigo objetiva apresentar um panorama da pesquisa sobre alterações na qualidade de vida no trabalho devido ao teletrabalho no período da pandemia da Covid-19. Para tanto, o método utilizado foi a Revisão Sistemática da Literatura. Critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram aplicados para filtrar a captura dos trabalhos a partir da base Scopus. Com base nisso, 39 artigos foram selecionados para uma leitura integral. Percebeu-se uma maior concentração de estudos teórico-empíricos realizados em países europeus. Em termos de caracterização metodológica, observou-se uma predominância de estudos quantitativos, que utilizaram mais comumente o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados, sendo este, na maioria dos casos, direcionados para empregados. Constatou-se que trabalhar em teletrabalho durante a pandemia trouxe efeitos positivos e negativos sobre a QVT, na maioria dos casos associados ao desempenho e produtividade. Os efeitos negativos do teletrabalho foram realçados em decorrência do isolamento social causado pela pandemia, aumentando a frequência de estresse e transtornos psicológicos. Esses insights são úteis para potencializar ações de intervenção por parte do setor de gestão estratégica de pessoas no âmbito organizacional. Servindo de apoio à elaboração de políticas de incentivo à melhoria ou preservação de condições salutares de trabalho.

Media framing facilitates people’s understanding of a threat and affects one’s emotional reaction. It therefore plays a vital role in both individual and societal responses to a public health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a combination of conceptual metaphor analysis and qualitative frame analysis, this article examines how three Austrian newspapers framed the initial national outbreak of COVID-19 in March 2020. The results show that at that early stage, media coverage was primarily concerned with the national government’s political actions to contain the disease. Only a few articles framed the situation in terms of personal experiences and possible economic or social consequences. As has been the case in research reporting on other health crises, metaphors of war, journeys, and natural disasters were used to conceptualize the coronavirus pandemic. Yet, overall, the tone remained neutral, as the media framing was clearly aimed at passing on information and conveying a sense of urgency while at the same time trying to avoid scare tactics.

The Covid-19 pandemic struck the world suddenly and in an unprecedented way in terms of the speed of its spread worldwide, the inability to remedy the consequences, and the severity and strength of the effects resulting from the pandemic, to enter the world in an attempt to control the spread through a series of closures that ranged between Complete to partial closure, as well as the duration of closure, whether complete or partial was differed from one country to another. The shadows of the pandemic’s effects have widened, not only on the health level, but on the industrial level and therefore the economic one as a result of the closures and disruption of global supply and supply chains, with the stagnation of the buying and selling movement, in addition to the transformation of a large sector of work sectors to work from home through modern technological solutions that pushed countries for a faster and more comprehensive digital transformation. Fashion in clothing is an art based on science, design and application, and its change is only an indication of social, political, economic and health changes, and it is one of the foundations of the development of society as a pillar of its progress. The image of clothes or textile materials, as it is considered the window from which we can look at the personality of the individual and expresses his entity, and the Covid-19 pandemic has changed the fashion trends in clothes based on the change in the world, for fashion houses to focus on the upper pieces and emphasize the highlighting of the brand in the upper part that appears across the screens, the face masks have become an integral part of the basic accessories, and the psychological and psychological influences were reflected to determine trends for the distinctive colours of fashion during this period. The textile and clothing industry was one of the industries that most affected after the transfer from the repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of focusing on textile products used in the field of protection and protective and precautionary measures from the manufacture of medical masks, as well as focusing on the use of materials that withstand the effect of disinfectants and temperatures during washing, as well as The textile machinery manufacturing and trading market has been affected. Among the most important effects of the pandemic on the industrial sector in Egypt are the following: (Negative) The slowdown in the activity of the industrial sector, the decline in local and international demand, and the suffering of some factories from the lack of production requirements imported from abroad, especially from China, the rise in the prices of production requirements for some industries, the decline in investments in the industrial sector, and the suspension of investment plans due to the uncertainty that accompanied the pandemic. In addition, laying off part of the employment or reducing salaries and closing some factories. As for (positive) effect, it is the tendency to rely on local industries to meet production requirements, and to focus on deepening local industrialization of strategic industries.

The Covid-19 pandemic represented an unprecedented crisis. In the world of health care, it highlighted the limits of a logic that favours decisions based on management and accounting. It also highlighted the difficulties faced by caregivers in applying the logic of care. Viewing the crisis as an opportunity to open up new possibilities, this ethical analysis brings together the voices of a physician and a philosopher to propose some forward-looking avenues for reflection. The aim of these reflections is to consider how, in the day-to-day life of the caregiver, the ethics of decision-making and the ethics of relationship fit together. Far from being antagonistic, these two ethical perspectives are complementary and enriching for both caregiver and patient. These reflections invite us to consider the act of care as a relationship to oneself, to others and to the collective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: Cet article présente les données d'une enquête menée avec la Fédération nationale des travailleurs domestiques du Brésil sur l'impact de la pandémie de COVID‐19 sur les travailleurs domestiques, en tenant également compte des politiques d'urgence et des principales actions de la fédération au cours de la première année de la crise. Axé sur l'emploi et les revenus, la sécurité et la santé au travail et les violations des droits, il montre l'extrême polarisation entre ceux qui ont perdu leurs moyens de subsistance et ceux qui sont obligés de continuer à travailler au détriment de leur santé et de leurs droits de l'homme fondamentaux. Bien que les circonstances soient exceptionnelles, les auteurs soutiennent que cette situation a été rendue possible par des conditions préexistantes d'exclusion légale et de précarité. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen Este artículo es un ejercicio de reflexividad sobre investigaciones etnográficas propias de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 realizadas en 2020-2021. Se analizan aquí experiencias, narrativas y políticas de diagnóstico y control de la circulación del virus en tres ciudades de diferente escala urbana de Argentina. Realizado en la postpandemia, nuestro análisis se propone aportar al estudio del fenómeno sanitario desde la antropología social, ofreciendo recomendaciones para la planificación y gestión de futuros y probables confinamientos. Concluimos que nuestra contribución como científicas sociales es la comprensión del fenómeno sanitario en el marco de desigualdades estructurales, emergiendo la necesidad de planificar la prevención por confinamiento a escalas micro, meso y macro sociales.

The present research aims to record and analyze the antivaccinationist language used during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting in particular the lexical aspects that characterize its identity, and to verify the possibility of recognizing it as a genuine and distinct jargon.

Abstract Objective The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal behavior are still the subject of studies. It is hypothesized that the pandemic may have contributed to the development of suicidal ideation by intensifying psychosocial risk factors. Our objective was to investigate such correlated factors in Brazil. Method The study used an online and cross-sectional survey encompassing 448 adult participants. Sociodemographic questionnaires and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire were used, and binary logistic regression was employed to identify predictors. Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 22.3%. The results indicate that people who self-identified as black and brown (OR = 2.42), who were part of the risk group for COVID-19 (OR = 2.41), and who reported more psychological symptoms (OR = 1.50) were more likely to have suicidal ideation. Conclusion Public policies to prevent suicidal behavior and promote mental health in the most vulnerable groups might be needed beyond the pandemic context, especially among the black population.

The emergence of digital media platforms like social media has considerably influenced health information collection and dissemination. Through in-depth interviews, (N=27) health professionals were purposively sampled, to evaluate the effectiveness of social media use for health information collection and dissemination during the peak of COVID-19 in Ghana. The participants sampled for the study include; (n=2) Regional Public Health Officers;(n=10) Directors of Ghana Health Services;(n=10); and (n=5) Disease Control officers. The responses from the participants were analyzed using the qualitative condensed thematic approach. The findings of the study show that social media for public health information facilitates the retrieval of official information, disease detection, timely estimation, and prediction of disease incidence and severity. Regarding the challenges and constraints facing Ghana’s use of social media for COVID-19 public health information collection, this study identified the high cost of internet data and smartphones, and low budgetary allocation as the three critical limitations. Other challenges are fake news in the form of misinformation, and disinformation on social media platforms. The study recommends an increase in budgetary allocation and required infrastructural development, to enhance the application of social media in public health information collection and dissemination for public health management.

Abstract Background- The studies of the clinical and demographic characteristics of COVID-19 patients around the world have made it possible to observe a rich semiology, which implicated obesity as a factor in the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia, and can lead to intensive care or even death. Some biomarkers have been identified as risk factors for mortality. The aim of this study was to verify obesity and the risk factors for mortality of COVID-19 infection. Methods- This was a single-center prospective study carried out at Rouiba University Hospital, between March 19, 2020 to September 30, 2021. The clinical data were collected: age (year), BMI groups (≥ 30 and

El estudio de las experiencias en la gestión de salud de ALBA-TCP resulta de utilidad ante la fragilidad de los sistemas de América Latina y el Caribe y la hegemonía del sector farmacéutico transnacional, que se hicieron particularmente visibles en el contexto de la pandemia de la Covid-19. Los programas de la Alianza repercuten favorablemente en los sistemas nacionales, y se nutren de los desarrollos en esa área de sus miembros, en particular Cuba, a través de una cooperación solidaria que incluye transferencia de tecnología, formación y servicios. Las prácticas en la cooperación de ALBA-TCP, distanciadas de las tradicionales emanadas de países desarrollados, condujeron a la conformación gradual de un nuevo esquema de gestión. Mediante el análisis e interpretación de fuentes, es objetivo en el presente estudio argumentar que la gestión de salud en ese esquema integracionista desborda la esfera de su actuación, al alcanzar la geopolítica, en la creación de soberanía en la dimensión sanitaria.

La pandemia de la COVID-19 impuso grandes desafíos y retos socioeconómicos a nivel mundial. El establecimiento del confinamiento sanitario y el cierre de fronteras en la mayoría de los Estados, intensificaron tendencias preexistentes del entorno geopolítico mundial, y dejaron entrever las vulnerabilidades y limitaciones estructurales de los países subdesarrollados, incluido de América Latina, para hacer frente a esta crisis sanitaria global. En este complejo contexto, la política exterior cubana mantuvo su tradicional activismo, manteniendo sus contactos internacionales, asegurando el nivel de las relaciones bilaterales y multilaterales participando en foros regionales y globales, desplegando una amplia cooperación, así como defendiendo los principios de la política exterior de la Revolución; todo bajo un clima de crecientes agresiones, amenazas y medidas coercitivas impuestas por EE.UU. A pesar de la adversidad y la difícil situación económica del país, la pandemia ofreció una oportunidad a Cuba para demostrar nuevamente su política solidaria internacional y desmentir las campañas negativas contra la cooperación médica cubana.

La pandémie causée par la Covid-19 a constitué un contexte de crise sans précédent. Dans le monde soignant, elle a notamment accentué les limites d’une logique privilégiant les décisions appuyées sur une visée gestionnaire et comptable. Elle a également visibilisé les difficultés auxquelles sont confrontés les soignants lorsqu’ils recourent à la logique du prendre soin (care). Considérant la crise comme une opportunité d’ouvrir de nouveaux possibles, la présente analyse éthique croise la voix d’une médecin et d’une philosophe pour proposer des pistes de réflexion prospectives. Ces réflexions visent à penser l’articulation, dans le quotidien du soignant, d’une éthique de la décision avec une éthique de la relation. Ces deux perspectives éthiques, loin d’être antagonistes, présentent une complémentarité enrichissante tant pour le soignant que pour le soigné. Ces réflexions invitent à envisager l’acte de soin comme une relation à soi, à l’autre et au collectif.

Resumo: Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os desafios e benefícios percebidos da psicoterapia online durante a fase inicial da pandemia de COVID-19. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. A amostra foi composta por 385 psicólogas(os) que preencheram um formulário online. Os dados quantitativos foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e as questões abertas à análise temática reflexiva. As categorias elencadas foram: (1) Aprendendo a lidar com a crise, que abarca os desafios identificados no ambiente online, com destaque para a insegurança dos profissionais devido à falta de domínio de aspectos técnicos, preocupações com questões éticas e resistência dos pacientes ao atendimento remoto; e (2) Expandindo as fronteiras da atuação, que concerne aos benefícios percebidos com o uso das plataformas digitais, como ampliação da oferta de atendimento psicológico e vantagens financeiras. A passagem da modalidade presencial para a psicoterapia online nos primeiros meses da pandemia de COVID-19 evidenciou tanto limites como possibilidades, além da necessidade de desenvolver competências específicas para a oferta de cuidado psicoterapêutico mediado por tecnologia digital.

Neste artigo, analisamos os processos interacionais presentes em grupos antivacina no Telegram no Brasil. Usando descritores associados ao tema da vacina e à contestação vacinal, identificamos sete grupos que abordaram a questão vacinal de janeiro a março de 2021, período que corresponde aos primeiros meses da vacinação contra a Covid-19 no Brasil. Utilizando o método da Teoria Fundamentada, realizamos uma análise qualitativa das conversas tecidas nos grupos estudados. Os resultados mostram que essas interações estão centradas em três eixos principais que revelam: 1) a formação de um senso de comunidade, envolvendo processos de ajuda mútua, reconhecimento de pares, deliberações sobre o grupo e a rede antivacina, testemunhais e suporte afetivo; 2) o processo de elaboração de uma identidade marcada pela diferença em relação à alteridade; e 3) o gerenciamento de processos de hesitação e dissenso, que podem resultar em rupturas no grupo. A compreensão desses processos, a partir do contexto brasileiro, visa contribuir com o desenvolvimento de estratégias de enfrentamento da desinformação quanto à saúde e vacinas.