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The Comede health care center for political refugees received 4,414 first arrivals from 70 African, Asian and South American countries in 1989. Many arrived from areas where intestinal parasitic infections are endemic, and where infections by nematodes (Ancyclostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Strongyloides stercoralis), trematodes (Schistosoma hematobium, Schistosoma stercoralis) and protozoa (Entamoeba coli) cause significant morbidity. The question that arises is whether we should screen stools and urine only in the case of African refugees, or treat all refugees empirically (mass treatment program). We carried out a retrospective study of 1,425 patients seen for the first time in the Comede from August 1, 1989 to December 31, 1989. Three-quarters of the subjects were men and the mean age was 29 years. 63.2% of the subjects were from 28 African countries, 18.6% from 8 Asian countries, 10% from 5 South American countries and the West Indies, and 6.4% from 4 countries of the Mediterranean basin. 4 countries of the Mediterranean basin. All the subjects were asked to provide stool and urine specimens at the Paris City Laboratory, which were examined using the merthiolate iodo formol direct methods, two concentration methods (MIF and Kato) and Baermann's technique. Patients with infestations were prescribed appropriate treatment at a second visit, compliance with which was good (86%). The prevalence of intestinal parasite infections was 60%. Albendazole was given to 44% of patients, while 45% of African patients were given praziquantel and 2.7% tinidazole.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The results of 109 intra-uterine inseminations with cryopreserved prepared donor semen (IUId) in stimulated cycles, performed among 42 couples from November 1987 to June 1991, were analysed. The single IUId was performed 39 +/- 3 hours after the injection of human chorionic gonadotrophin. For each IUID 1,25 +/- 1.4 x 10(6) motile spermatozoa (mean +/- standard deviation) were inseminated. 27 pregnancies were obtained and the pregnancy rate per cycle was 24.8%. The number of motile spermatozoa inseminated was significantly higher in the group of pregnant women than in the population without pregnancy (1.64 x 10(6) x 10(6)/IUI versus 1.13 x 10(6)/IUI). The sperm count and the number of motile spermatozoa inseminated were significantly higher when the semen was prepared on discontinuous Percoll gradients than after swim-up in Menezo B2 medium (8.2 x 10(6)/ml versus 4.3 x 10(6)/ml and 1.7 x 10(6) versus 0.77 x 10(6)). Among the 27 clinical pregnancies, 3 were twins and 2 were triplets. The ovarian hyperstimulation associated with the use of a prepared semen of donor, generate a high risk of multiple pregnancies. To improve the results without increasing the risk of multiple pregnancies, we propose to inseminate about 1.5 x 10(6) motile spermatozoa with a maximum plasma estradiol level of 1 100 pg/ml, on the day of hCG injection, associated with 2 preovulatory follicles. This technique may augment the rate of pregnancy and represents an appreciable time gain. These results must be confirmed by randomized prospective studies.

Therapeutic possibilities in the field of alcoholism are certainly more extensive than accepted by most general practitioners and internists whose attitude is, according to an inquiry, rather fatalistic. The actual therapy of alcoholism proves to be effective, the earlier the therapy being started the better are the results. On this account, the necessity of preventive measures and of an early treatment is to be underlined. General practitioners and internists (whose training in this area appears to be still deficient) as well as centers for nutritional hygiene and alcohology (presently about 200 consultation centers in France) may play here a cardinal role. The treatment of alcohol-addicts often justifies hospitalisation, more and more in general hospitals, where a therapeutic program, at the first place a long-term psychotherapy, is set up. The alcoholic should constantly be assisted by his treating physician, by specialised centers and also by fellowships of former alcohol-addicts.

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Injection of 600 to 800 mg/kg of Triton W.R. 1339 from day 1 to day 4 of pregnancy is highly noxious in the mouse. Only 12 to 20% of females continue their pregnancy. The causes of this action could be determined. Triton W.R. 1339 has not a direct toxic action on the fertilized ovum, but impairs the hormonal balance of the pregnant mouse, inducing a progesterone deficiency. Daily injection of 5 mg progesterone per animal from day 1-17 or from day 4 to 17 improve pregnancy performance or suppresses completely the noxious action of Triton W.R. 1339.

Doses of 600 to 800 mg/kg of Triton W.R. 1339 from day 1 to 4 is very noxious in the mouse. In only 12 to 20% of animals the gestation is not interrupted. The morphology of the morulas examined on day 4 and the results of transplantation experiments on pseudopregnant mice gives evidence that Triton W.R. 1339 has no a direct toxic effect on the fertilized egg but acts probably on the maternal organism.

In the mouse injection of 800 mg/kg of Triton W.R. 1339 during the first four days of gestation prevents nidation. Examination of the uterine horns between days 6-12 reveals that a daily injection of 5 mg progesterone up from day 1 of gestation assures the survival of the blastocysts in Triton W.R. 1339 treated females and determines a delayed nidation. Nidations occur only after injection of 0.1 microgram of oestradiol benzoate at the beginning of the 5th day.

In spite of the methodological reserves that the measure of adipocyte volume and the calculation of the number of adipocytes evoke, it appeared interesting to us to study these parameters in a group of 102 obese subjects in reference to some clinical and biological criteria. The following conclusions come out of this study. The greater the obesity, the greater the adipocyte volume. There is a positive correlation between the importance of obesity and cellularity of the adipose tissue. However, this correlation is no longer found for the most obese patients, in whom adipocyte hypertrophy intervenes but no longer the multiplication of the fat cells. The onset of obesity at adolescence pairs with a number of adipocytes higher than in the other chronological forms: obesity appearing at adolescence would be thus more frequently hyperplastic. This characteristic is not discovered in the cases of obesity appearing in infancy. No relation was found between the existence of impaired glucose tolerance and mean adipocyte diameter and/or the number of adipocytes. It has been the same for the cases of hyperlipidemia.

Fagnard J.-P., Roussel M.-C., Roussel Jean Paul. Le gisement mésolithique de la Haute Borne à Beaulieu-les-Fontaines (oise). In: Revue archéologique de l'Oise, n°24, 1981. pp. 2-9.

Some parameters characterizing sample preparation for coloration with lectins were investigated in the model of sheep myocardial capillaries, revealed by EEA after formol fixation and paraffin embedding. The most influential factors are: addition of lysine-periodate to paraformaldehyde, duration of fixative immersion, oldness of paraformaldehyde dilution, delay of fixation (if below 8 h). All of them happen before embedding. On the other hand, those happening later are out of influence.

In parallel with the study of laser emission in ZnTe and MgZnTe excited by a pulsed electron beam, we present the computation of the deposited energy in these crystals and we analyse the connected heating kinetics. The electron trajectories are simulated with a Monte Carlo technique for beam energies from 15 keV to 60 keV; deposited energy density profiles and penetration depths are deduced from. The variation with temperature of the specific heat and thermal conductivity of ZnTe leads to an analysis of heating kinetics for durations of a few nanoseconds and for depths of a few micrometers. The initial sample temperatures are studied in the range 10 K-300 K and the power densities in the range 75 kW/cm 2 -1.6 MW/cm 2 . This analysis permit us to distinguish between energy and current density contributions. The results indicate a thermal confinement and show that the near surface heating is larger at low temperature in spite of a strong diffusion (ΔT # 40 K in 10 ns); at high temperature, this heating can be larger for 15 keV than for 60 keV Calcul des profils de densite d'energie deposee et des profondeurs de penetration des electrons (15 a 60 kW) en simulant les trajectoires electroniques par une methode de Monte Carlo. Determination de la cinetique d'echauffement pour des durees de quelques ns et des profondeurs de quelques μm, pour des temperatures initiales de 10-300 K et des densites de puissance de 75 kW cm −2 -1,6 MW cm −2 . Mise en evidence d'un confinement thermique et d'un echauffement superficiel plus eleve a basse temperature malgre une forte diffusion

Le Botrytis cinerea est devenu actuellement, dans certaines régions viticoles au moins, le parasite le plus redoutable de la vigne. De nombreux travaux ont déjà été consacrés à ce champignon, mais de nouvelles recherches s'avèrent indispensables pour mieux connaître les conditions susceptibles de favoriser son développement et pour essayer de le combattre efficacement. Aussi, nous a-t-il paru utile de rassembler ici les principales références bibliographiques concernant ce parasite.

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