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The article analyses libertine themes and authors of 17th century in articles, critical notes and reviews of three major Italian journals of the 20th century – Rivista di filosofia, Giornale critico della filosofia italiana and Rivista critica di storia della filosofia (since 1984 titled Rivista di storia della filosofia). The category of ‘libertinism’ refers to various disciplinary fields: philosophy, politics, literature, modern history or religious history. This ambiguity influences the analyses of libertinism in the Italian historic-philosophical debate. The last two decades of the 20th century show a renewed interest of the three journals on libertine themes and on the relationship between libertinism and philosophy. Research on libertine thought focuses mainly on French libertinism (i.e. libertinage érudit) and on the philosophical clandestine literature: the journals discuss or review clandestine texts, as the Theophrastus redivivus (1659), whose critical edition was published in Italy in 1981–1982.

Despite the several attempts to rework on his ideas, using non-mainstream approaches, George L. Shackle has remained an outsider in the economic discipline. Shackle, however, if we take seriously what he thought of economics, as a discipline concerned with a subject that is not self-contained but open-ended and impermanent, is not a man alone. Starting from an assessment of Shackle’s understanding of choice as originative and creative, the paper argues that Shackle should be rescued from the role of a nihilist where he is often relegated. In this perspective, a fundamental key to assessing the originality and anticipatory character of Shackle’s contribution can be found in the recent developments of several “friendly” disciplines such as the psychology of motivations and of self-rewarding actions, narrative as the “science” of the possible and the role of calendar time in choice theory. In fact, all these novel rethinkings can contribute to the understanding of Shackle’s main point, that human (and therefore economic) agents are active, creative enterprisers, who cut the deterministic thread by injecting the new in history to come, in making a difference in the future courses of action.

This paper focuses on a service model characterized by the presence of an interdisciplinary and multi-professional team, which plan and achieves both health and wellness education, besides training pathways for migrant women located in the Lazio region, and in-service training for educational, pedagogical and sectoral professions. The work place itself in the path of intercultural pedagogy (Pinto Minerva, 2002, 2017, 2019; Fiorucci, 2015, 2017,2020; Cerrocchi, 2019) and gender and differences (Roverselli, 2017; Lopez, 2018; hooks, 2020;), borrowing interpretative categories and concepts from the intersectional perspective (Bianchi, 2019a, 2019b). As a first step, moving from the theoretical framework, a case study about educational and training processes and practices aimed to the benefit of trafficked women included in the SAI (Sistema Accoglienza Integrazione) of the Lazio area, from 2019, until today. Then, resorting to a research-action-training framework involves the educational and pedagogical coordination figures in every phase of investigation, intervention and training. Given the nuclei that have emerged from the administration and triangulation of the instruments – in favour of materials, documents and intervention strategies production – grounds of educational planning aiming to the integral formation of the person are envisaged: from access to the Health Service to taking charge and care for the female migrant population, as well as the healing of traumatic events and the enhancement of healthy and sustainable lifestyles – from an intercultural and post-colonial perspective.

A doll made of wood found in Alba Fucens (IT) is now preserved in the reserves of the Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle arti e Paesaggio per le province di Chieti e Pescara, Museo Paludi in Celano (L’Aquila). Its study was carried out within the framework of the research project led by the University of Fribourg “Greek and Roman articulated dolls (10th century BC/7th century AD). Archaeological and anthropological approaches”. The doll has been exceptionally preserved due to the damp conditions of the soil. This object confirms that, in addition to the widely documented ivory and bone roman dolls, wooden pupae were also used. The hairstyle on the doll’s head is a very schematized rendering of a type of hairstyle adopted in an advanced stage of the age of the emperors of the Severan dynasty and documented on the portraits of some women of the family. It is therefore possible to propose for the doll a dating to the first decades of the 3rd century AD.

Objective: This research aimed to investigate, in the light of theories of democracy, the new possibilities for exercising citizenship and strengthening democracy in the Network Society, as well as popular participation in political decisions in the context of smart cities. Methodology: The work adopted the inductive method, based on a literature review and observation of the phenomena. Results: It was possible to conclude that executing smart city projects does not only mean adhering to information and communication technologies, but also facilitating the connection and involvement of government and citizens, with the intention of co-creating and rebuilding urban communities. Contributions: Focusing on citizens and not simply on technologies, it is possible that ICTs and new technologies, including the IoT, improve the exercise of citizenship in current societies and, in particular, in smart cities.

Canada’s Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) legislation changed in 2021; persons without a reasonably foreseeable natural death (RFND) could now be eligible for MAID and would have to wait at least 90 days before their intervention. This legislative change caused a new ethically complex question to arise, which we explore in this commentary, namely: Where should individuals without a RFND wait (for 90 days) in a publicly funded health system?

O artigo objetiva investigar os Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso (PPC) das universidades públicas do Paraná, buscando identificar indicativos de movimento para a formação dos futuros profissionais para atuação no Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS), adotando como balizador o tema “políticas públicas”. A análise partiu de elementos presentes nas matrizes curriculares que se remetiam na referida política. Ainda que fosse observado a incidência de disciplinas que se propõem a debater as políticas públicas, tal movimento foi considerado demasiadamente baixo, o que nos leva a concluir a existência de marginalização dos temas investidos na formação do psicólogo.

The paper presented takes up the results of a first phase of research on UASC and volunteer Tutors, assuming the traumaticity determined by the experience of covid-19 as a necessary sensitizing concept (Blumer, 1969), reviewing the methodological system (methodological framework) and determining the development of tools and perspectives in progress. Through a case study that includes interview with volunteer guardians, UASC, recently of age, coordinators of communities and educators, it was intended to investigate how relational and institutional networks have developed strategies for the protection and prevention of educational poverty and deprivation socio-affective, in a time of emergency.

Several scholars (Bartoloni2019, Bukdahl2017, Vogt2019) focused on Mario Perniola’sperspective on art, post-human sexuality and political theory. Yet little has been written on the philosophical and literary sources—specifically Stoicism, the Baroque and the Avant-Gardes—which influenced his standpoint. The objective of this paper is todevelop Perniola’s conception of a strategically oriented beauty, which implies a connection be-tween the aesthetic element and the political-effectual one.

Con Giordano Bruno (1548-1600) asistimos a la recuperación de doctrinas neoplatónicas y herméticas que conducen a una comprensión animista y dinámica de la naturaleza, así como a una exaltación del hombre en tanto conoce y actúa sobre el mundo. En el contexto de un universo vivo y animado, Bruno necesita mediaciones en el espacio que hay entre, por un lado, la naturaleza finita del hombre y, por el otro, la divinidad infinita explicada en la naturaleza para fundamentar la teoría mágica de sus obras latinas. Precisamente, la existencia de los demonios en los sistemas neoplatónicos viene a cumplir con este propósito. Sostenemos que existe una continuidad entre la doctrina demonológica que Bruno presenta en su obra latina y la metafísica y cosmología de sus diálogos italianos. Esta continuidad se verifica en la presencia de dos categorías filosóficas importantes del pensamiento bruniano presente en la demonología del De magia naturali (1590): imaginación y vínculos. Así pues, en primer lugar, indagaremos la recepción de la doctrina neoplatónica en la demonología de los siglos XV y XVI, a partir de la cual Bruno desarrolla el marco teórico y filosófico de su doctrina demonológica. En segundo lugar, estudiaremos la naturaleza y función de los demonios en el De magia naturali y su relación con la imaginación y los vínculos en la filosofía del Nolano.

Este artigo visa discorrer sobre a masculinidade a partir de um discurso científico, tendo o ponto de vista biológico como um pano de fundo do nascimento da ciência e da moral moderna e também compreender como tais pontuações serviram de alicerce para a construção do masculino que se faz presente hoje. Utilizamos como instrumentos de análise apontamentos dos filmes Maria Antonieta e O Sorriso de Monalisa que demonstram valores historicamente sedimentados de uma época moderna sendo abalados. Neste sentido, tem-se o corpo como uma marca definidora de identidade. Conclui-se que repensar o masculino por essa via implica analisar a relação deste com o discurso biológico presente na construção da masculinidade e que produz efeitos ainda hoje na sociedade do século XXI. A possível quebra de paradigma aconteceu aos poucos ofertando um novo lugar para o masculino existir, possibilitando que o homem seja capaz de fazer suas próprias escolhas de identidade.

The purpose of this commentary is to present and respond to the gap that currently exists in providing culturally inclusive residential long-term care options for Indigenous peoples in Ontario. After presenting statistics regarding the Indigenous population and long-term care options, we argue that we have an ethical responsibility to offer more culturally inclusive long-term care.

In his Bibliographia politica (Venice 1633) Naudé reviews in about one hundred pages authors and works that have dealt with politics, from the Antiquity to the first decades of the Seventeenth Century. In few enlightened pages on the ordinary and extraordinary administration of the State, Naudé elaborates his own idea of Reason of State, including the use of an extraordinary administration in the name of the public benefit. We can find a continuity between his Bibliographia politica and his Considérations politiques sur les coups d’Estat (1639). In both his political works Naudé gives to the category of wisdom, derived from Aristotle, a new practical and political value, which goes back to authors such as Machiavelli or Cardano, Lipsius or Charron. Naudé’s political wisdom uses dissimulation and any form of justice, also against common law, to act in extraordinary administration of the State or to carry out “coups d’État.”

L’epidemia di peste che colpì la città di Milano tra il 1576 e il 1577, durante l’episcopato di Carlo Borromeo, a cui fu appunto intitolata, consente di indagare sulle strategie giuridiche utilizzate per fronteggiare l’emergenza, nell’ambito di una più ampia riflessione sul rapporto tra potere politico, comunità e individuo in età moderna. I provvedimenti adottati dal governo milanese al tempo della peste di San Carlo inducono, per il loro carattere “straordinario”, a svolgere qualche considerazione di ordine complessivo sul delicato bilanciamento tra salute collettiva e libertà individuali. I rimedi adottati dalle autorità politiche per contenere il contagio tendevano, infatti, ieri come oggi, ad accentuare il controllo sulla popolazione, limitando la libertà di circolazione. L’ampio ricorso al diritto penale a scopo intimidatorio e preventivo consente, in particolare, di esaminare i risvolti penalistici delle misure di contrasto alla diffusione del contagio, che anche oggi hanno rappresentato uno dei principali temi di discussione.

Since the 19th century, co-operatives have operated for their members’ wealth promoting economic activities in different fields. The key characteristic of these firms is the mutuality, which allows members to have a direct benefit working co-operatively for the organization (Zamagni, 2005). Recent economic crisis has encouraged people to demand a new sustainable economy, co-ops can respond because they serve communities’ needs and interests (Vieta & Lionas, 2015); community co-ops are the result of this process. This paper wants to analyse how community co-ops are modifying the co-op structure in order to respond to new social issues. Is the community co-op re-shaping the idea of mutuality? In what way? Community co-operatives are renewing the co-operation model surpassing the classic mutualistic structure, which only provides the co-ops’ members with benefits, and pays their attention to outcomes for the entire community.

¿Puede la piel ir más allá de los límites del cuerpo? ¿Los huesos raídos que alguna vez integraron una corporalidad sintieron la dermis que los recubrían? ¿Es la piel portadora de surcos fronterizos que delimitan un espacio de fuga o también es la que enhebra la materialidad corporal? Este trabajo se propone explorar los modos en que algunas representaciones de los cuerpos femeninos de las literaturas del presente latinoamericano se eslabonan en devenires de fronteras inestables: geopolíticas, territoriales y subjetivas de la piel en detrimento de ciertos parámetros heteronormativos de belleza y de concepciones de parejas consolidadas con el fin único de la reproducción y domesticidad reglada. Es decir, asumo la dermis como la prolongación visible de los cuerpos que actúan como fronteras -dispositivos porosos y permeables que se encuentran en perpetua redefinición de las subjetividades, cuerpos y sexualidades disidentes –que trazan pliegues de señalamientos biopolíticos rasgando zonas de silenciamientos, obturando cicatrices de abandonos y abriendo dimensiones de placeres afectivos frente a violencias perturbadoras, pulverizantes y mutantes. Para ello me centro en tres producciones de escritoras contemporáneas vinculadas con tres cuentos representativos de sus obras literarias: “Nada de carne sobre nosotras” (2016) de la escritora argentina Mariana Enríquez, “Domitila” (2007) de la escritora brasileña Veronica Stigger y “Hongos” (2013) de la mexicana Guadalupe Nettel.

The worrying effects of climate change have led, in the last decades, to the improvement of innovative solutions for low greenhouse emission energy conversion, among which, is the use of micro-ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) systems for distributed generation, in the framework of combined heat and power applications and renewables exploitation. However, micro-ORCs environmental impact, due to high GWP (global working potential) working fluid leak rate, is an issue still to overcome. Neverthless the interest in using new low GWP refrigerants and their blends is increasing, new fluids have not yet been properly tested into ORC. Numerical studies reveal that low GWP fluids do not always guarantee the same performance of typically used fluids, leading to indirect emissions related to the use of fossil fuels to compensate the lower power production. This study proposes to investigate performance and impact of an innovative micro-ORC test bench when working with HFCs (HydroFluoroCarbons), low GWP fluids and mixtures, with the main aim of comprehensively evaluating its impact due to both direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions produced in a typical annual operation.

In the last years, international programs in diverse sectors and national frameworks have been driven by the need of a sustainable growth, in a green economy perspective. In order to reduce the energy losses/dissipations, as well as the fossil fuels employment and related pollutant emissions, indeed, the spread of combined heat and power units and/or renewable sources generators is promoted into both the electrical grids and the thermal networks but are often in conflict with the economic aspects. In this context, the optimal management of complex energy networks – including, in particular, smart district heating – may lead to the achievement of important goals from the environmental and sustainability viewpoints. The aim of this paper is to develop a preliminary methodology for the complete evaluation of complex energy networks, considering energy, economic and environmental aspects. With this purpose, a case study consisting in a network for the fulfillment of electrical and thermal needs of the connected users will be analyzed, considering different scenarios in terms of energy generation mix and operation and applying different optimization software. In addition, the carried out evaluations will allow to set the basis for the discussion about the future of energy policies and possible incentives towards the sustainable development of the energy sector.

In order to pursue the goals of de-carbonization and renewable sources exploitation, an efficient, cost-effective and environmental friendly employment of energy systems is mandatory. In this context, the ERA-Net funded Project ZEHTC (Zero Emission Hydrogen Turbine Center) has been developed, aimed at the realization of a pilot plant consisting in the world first gas turbine test facility making use of the power produced during turbine tests – along with renewables (solar in particular) – for hydrogen production and batteries storage. The produced hydrogen will be locally used to run the gas turbine, thus reducing its environmental impact. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the first steps of the project, consisting in the definition of an optimized grid and in the development of a calculation model for the optimal energy systems design. To this respect, the typology of energy systems to be included into the grid (in addition to the current set-up of the existing turbine test center) will be presented. In addition, the mathematical models specifically developed for each component, as well as the developed operational logic of the entire grid, will be presented and discussed in order to set the optimal size of each systems.

This study explores the applicability of the phase field method for modelling moisture storage and transport in porous materials. Accordingly, the system is treated as a continuum where the phases (liquid and humid air) are separated through a diffuse interface, which evolves in the pores until the equilibrium state is reached. The interface thickness is related to the surface tension, while the contact angle is defined as a boundary condition. The mass transfer in the porous matrix is driven by the Cahn-Hilliard equation and the phase transition is controlled by an equation of state. The above method is tested for a simple geometry (infinitely extended parallel plates), by comparing the numerical outcomes against available measured data and analytical solutions. The challenges arising for a further application to complex pore structures and real building materials are discussed.

Nowadays the climate change caused by the green-house effect increasing is a world-wide issue with which scientists have to face. Being the passenger vehicles filled with fossil fuels, the emission of the carbon dioxide green-house gas is unavoidable. In order to slowdown both the global warming and the fossil fuels wasting, lower fuel consumptions, thus high efficiency engines, are required. Currently, the coupled use of downsizing and direct injection in spark ignited engines meets both high efficiency and power-demand requirements. Being downsized engines more compact, the distance between the injector and the engine walls are shorter. Thus, depending on the engine operating condition, the fuel spray wall impingement may occur leading to the formation of a liquid fuel film. If the wall impingement occurs against the cylinder liner wall, which is wetted by a thin oil layer, the motor oil and the landed fuel dilute until the piston arrival. At this time, the mass transport by diffusion have promoted the creation of an oil-fuel mixture. Thus, while thicker part of the mixture layer is scraped into the piston top land crevice, the thinner, whose properties are degraded by the fuel contamination, remains on the cylinder liner. The mixture accumulated inside the crevice may be scattered due to the piston inertia leading to the oil detachment and transport in the combustion chamber. The latter may cause both abnormal combustions named preignitions at high loads and increased particulate emissions at low loads, cold states, and cat-heating. This paper reports the implementation of a onedimensional numerical model for the dilution between fuel and motor oil in a stroke of a gasoline engine. The model aims to give the composition of the oil-fuel mixture both on the cylinder liner after the piston arrival and in the piston top land crevice.

Based on women’s writings –letters, diaries, memoirs– and on works by contemporary observers, the essay outlines a picture of women’s experiences of extreme deprivation in Austria and Germany, of their survival strategies and protest. It dwells also on the writings of those feminist pacifists who went to Vienna, Berlin and other German cities from 1915 and 1920 to bring aid and a message of peace. From the magnitude of the suffering caused by disease, infant mortality, deprivation and despair of mothers, these women drew new impetus for activism, strengthened their pacifist and feminist beliefs, elaborated a philosophy of aid as an instrument of international peace and reconciliation, and worked out a new economic vision.

En esta comunicación construimos un itinerario teórico-metodológico para el abordaje de los feminismos disidentes situados en la coyuntura actual argentina que se caracterizan por una masiva toma de la calle. La premisa que sostenemos es que dicha toma de la calle tiene potencia epistémica para informar los análisis sociales y con perspectiva de género en los estudios académicos. Aproximándonos desde nociones de experiencia, conocimiento situado y las aportaciones del giro espacial, buscamos contribuir a la producción colectiva de conocimiento con perspectiva feminista.

Este artigo pretende compreender as relações entre popularização do passado e democratização da história. Para tal, realizamos três estudos de caso que nos permitem pensar em outros regimes de escrita, presença e memória. No primeiro caso, descrevemos um suposto plágio que a revista de divulgação Leituras da História teria cometido a partir da Wikipédia, no segundo analisamos como as artes cênicas representam uma possibilidade ativa de relação com o passado traumático e, no terceiro, lidamos com a forma pela qual inscrições históricas no espaço urbano são constantemente ressignificadas. Concluímos que a popularização do passado em diferentes meios desestabiliza os lugares tradicionais de produção e consumo de conhecimento histórico, e lançam uma série de questões para repensar o lugar da historiografia na contemporaneidade. Palavras-chave: Popularização do passado. Historicidade. Presença. Memória.

The aim of this paper is that of proposing a methodology on how to design a microgrid for an industrial area. In particular, the paper reports the description of a project, jointly developed by the University of Genoa and Ansaldo Energia SpA, to design a polygeneration microgrid for the industrial site of Ansaldo Energia company in the Metropolitan City of Genoa. The microgrid infrastructure integrates different technologies to satisfy the electrical, thermal and cooling demand of the site, among which an important role is played by the cogeneration AE T100 microturbines developed by the company. In the paper, the optimization tool AEN-MGD, developed to optimally design and operate the microgrid, is described and different possible configurations of the microgrid are investigated and analysed from the technical, economic and environmental point of view. The proposed model has a general validity and it can be used to design and operate other similar energy infrastructures.

A method is proposed to determine the moisture diffusivity of capillary active materials by means of water-uptake tests performed with different initial water contents. The method is based on an analytical approach, in which the diffusivity is approximated as a multiple step function of the water content. Contrary to other well-established techniques, the method proposed here requires neither the knowledge of the water content distribution in the absorbing sample, nor the application of numerical simulations. Experiments are carried out on calcium silicate samples.

La primera parte del artículo hace un resumen de la evolución de las casas particulares y viviendas domésticas en la historiografía italiana a partir de los años 70, cuando los estudiosos empezaron a interesarse por el tema y también gracias al desarrollo de la disciplina moderna de arqueología medieval. Tras identificar las actuales líneas de investigación, la segunda parte analiza los principales tipos de vivienda, su distribución geográfica y diversas cronologías. La tercera aborda el concepto de las viviendas residenciales como el resultado de determinadas habilidades técnicas y analiza las características del conocimiento del pueblo que las levantó, corroborando algunos casos con fuentes documentales. La cuarta parte intenta encontrar una relación entre las decisiones tomadas en determinadas soluciones constructivas y el contexto socioeconómico de la época, con el fin de establecer una conexión entre la tipología de las viviendas, la vida de sus moradores y la mentalidad de la época. El último apartado ofrece un resumen final con un breve repaso a los temas abordados en el artículo.

The study and monitoring of the workpiece surface roughness is one of the most important parameters of the grinding process. This paper proposes a method for analysing the surface condition of ground ceramic components by means of the acoustic emission (AE) signal analysis along with frequency domain techniques. Tests were performed using a surface-grinding machine equipped with a resin-bond diamond grinding wheel, where signals were collected at 2 MHz. Alumina workpieces were machined under six different depth of cut values, covering slight, medium and severe grinding conditions. Frequency content was studied in order to select bands closely related to the process conditions. An analysis of the root mean square values (RMS) of the signals was performed, seeking for a correlation with the surface roughness. Digital filters were applied to the raw signals. The RMS values filtered for two frequency bands presented a better fitting to the linear regression, which is highly desirable for setting a threshold to detect the workpiece surface conditions and implementing into a monitoring system. Results showed that the amplitude of the signals presented different characteristics in the frequency domain according to the workpiece surface condition. It was also observed a higher spectral activity in the severe grinding conditions.

The quality control of the workpieces through reliable tests is of utmost importance in the manufacturing of a precision component. In this context, the monitoring of damages towards automation of the grinding process is essential for the manufacturing industry and of great interest for researchers of the area. This work proposes a technique for monitoring damages in steel parts in the grinding process, using low-cost piezoelectric diaphragms in the emitter and receiver configuration. The tests were performed in a surface grinding machine with aluminum oxide grinding wheel and SAE 4340 steel workpiece. The hardness measurements of the workpieces were carried out to identify the changes occurred from the grinding process. The signals from the transducers were sampled at a rate of 2 MHz. A spectrum analysis of the obtained signals was performed with the aim at characterizing the frequency ranges that were most related to the workpiece surface condition. The results demonstrated that the proposed method is effective to detect surface damage in steel parts in the grinding process.

Après les généralités sur le groupe ORLON, le travail à la mer et l'étude sédimentologique préliminaire de la mer de Norvège, on présente les résultats de l'étude géochimique à bord des eaux interstitielles et sus-jacentes aux sédiments, puis de l'étude bactériologique des eaux et des sédiments. En chimie des eaux, un certain nombre de mesures ne conservent leur validité qu'à condition d'être exécutées dans un temps très court après le prélèvement. C'est pourquoi ont été effectuées à bord les mesures de pH et Eh, et les dosages de Oa dissous, phosphates inorganiques et ammoniac dissous. L'interprétation de ces valeurs ne prendra son plein sens qu'à la lumière des résultats finals. La mise en culture des populations bactériennes sitôt le prélèvement effectué est la meilleure manière d'éviter les contaminations; c'est pratiquement la seule technique utilisable avec les formes anaérobies. On a recherché à bord la microflore hétérotrophe, soit aérobie, soit anaérobie (germes fermentants, germes sulfatoréducteurs). Les résultats préliminaires montrent des eaux peu riches en microflore, et des sédiments soit pauvres, soit excessivement pauvres. Une carotte (KL 8) présente des répartitions inhabituelles; tous ces résultats seront précisés par l'étude en laboratoire. After some general information about the ORLON group, offshore work and the preliminary sedimentology survey of the Sea of Norway, this article gives the findings of the shipboard geological analysis of the interstitial and overlying waters of the sediments along with the results of the bacteriological analysis of water and sediments. Concerning the chemistry of the water, some measurements remain valid only on the condition that they are made a very short time after the sample has been taken. This is why shipboard analyses of the pH and Eh were made as well as titrations of the dissolved 02, inorganic phosphates and dissolved ammonio. The interpretation of these values takes on its full meaning only in the light of the final results.

Nell’articolo si tratta l’analisi delle tecniche murarie desunta da dati provenienti da ampi progetti di indagine archeologica svolti in ambito rurale nella Toscana occidentale dalla metà degli anni Novanta dello scorso secolo ad oggi. Nel testo si esaminano i cambiamenti dei modi di edificare a partire dall’edilizia in legno dei primi abitati di altura di VII-VIII secolo, sino agli insediamenti più strutturati di seconda metà VIII e IX secolo, caratterizzati da un primo uso della pietra e dalla presenza di maestranze specializzate. In seguito si analizza la più complessa organizzazione del cantiere propria della costruzione dei castelli di XI e XII secolo in rapporto ai poteri politici ed economici delle nascenti signorie territoriali. Un differente uso delle tecniche costruttive caratterizza la successiva formazione di nuovi borghi tra XIII e XIV secolo, spesso impiantati sui preesistenti castelli, legati ai locali organismi comunali, soggetti all’influenza politica ed economica di Pisa in questo territorio.

A seguito della recente comparsa in Italia di numerosi studi dedicati all’archeologia dell’architettura, si vuole proporre con questo contributo una riflessione sui rapporti tra la stratigrafia verticale e quella orizzontale e, in particolare, sui rapporti tra l’indagine dell’evidenza materiale (strutture verticali) e la sua interpretazione. In questo contesto si presentano alcuni studi coordinati dall’Insegnamento di Archeologia Medievale dell’Università di Siena, riguardanti progetti realizzati intorno alla nascita e allo sviluppo dei castelli, con particolare riferimento alla Toscana centro meridionale.

This article postulates that Somatic Education integrates similar issues related to perception in both cognitive science and philosophy. It also indicates that somatic approaches can expand their area of action, overcoming their original role in health maintenance and technical improvement, to reside in the field of research and creation in dance. In order to strength the relationship between dance and somatic education, this article seeks to address some principles of Béziers and Piret’s Motor Coordination study and points out their possible unfolding in research and creation in dance through perception.

O artigo parte do princípio de que a educação somática articula questões próximas aos estudos da percepção tanto das ciências cognitivas como da filosofia. Indica que as abordagens somáticas podem ampliar sua área de atuação e transbordar sua função inicial de manutenção da saúde e melhora da qualidade técnica para habitar o campo da pesquisa e da criação em dança. A fim de estreitar a relação entre educação somática e dança, busca-se abordar alguns princípios do estudo da Coordenação Motora de Béziers e Piret e apontar seus possíveis desdobramentos no processo de investigação e criação em dança via percepção.

Despite of over 25 years of intensive technological efforts, sub-surface environment cleanup still remains a challenge, especially in case of highly contaminated sites. In this context, ion exchanger technologies could provide simple and effective solutions for heavy metal removal in water treatment. The challenge is finding exchanger able to operate in extreme natural environments or in situations involving natural interfering species such as inorganic ions. In this paper we exam the use of natural zeolites as versatile exchanger for environmental protection of coastal refinery's groundwater against pollution of Ni, Cd, Pb. The influence of particle diameter on clinoptilolite performances toward heavy metal removal is studied. Also, we evaluate the exchanger activities in condition of high ionic strength, commonly present in groundwater located under coastal petrol industries. The obtained results confirmed that ion exchangers could provide an effective solutions for remediation in complex environmental conditions.

The molecular mechanisms of arsenic toxicity are not fully elucidated. The Italian project SEpiAs aims at developing and validating the assay to detect stress biomarkers in individuals living in areas characterized by either natural or industrial arsenic contamination.

A growing body of epidemiologic, experimental and clinical evidence shows that arsenic may exert relevant cardiovascular effects with early damage such as endothelial dysfunction. Early biomarkers of cardiovascular damage together with markers of exposure, genetic and epigenetic effects, DNA damage, apoptosis, oxidative stress remain unexplored and a study is ongoing in Italy.