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This work examines the issues of obtaining compositions with adaptogenic and prebiotic effects, quality control, as well as assessment of their biological effects. Inulin was analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC with refractometric detection. In vivo studies were performed using 50 male Wistar rats, 6 weeks old, with an initial body weight of 158 ± 3 g. To study the intestinal microbiota, DNA was extracted using the DNA-Sorb-S kit. As a result, compositions have been developed that include functional food ingredients based on spinach leaves and quinoa grains, containing at least 96.0% inulin. The established beneficial effect of adaptogenic compositions with inulin on the intestinal microbiota opens up the potential for their use to maintain the optimal composition of the intestinal microbiota.

In the design and construction of residential and industrial buildings outbuildings, it is necessary to use effective thermal insulation materials that provide a comfortable microclimate in the room, as well as the required conditions for implementing technological processes. An essential factor is the reduction of the negative impact on the environment, which is expressed both in the reduction of energy consumption and in the possibility of rational use of industrial waste for partial replacement of the main raw material components. To increase the efficiency of heat-insulating materials based on foamed polyethylene, it was necessary to develop a technique for selecting the composition of synthetic polyethylene foam matrix, considering the possibility of using secondary modified polyethylene foam at different foaming modes. The compositions of modified polyethylene foam were selected using statistics methods and analytical optimization. The developed bases of optimization and composition selection methodology allowed to establish optimal consumption values of main components and process parameters corresponding to the specified requirements. Using alignment charts, the solution of the predictive problem of estimation of values of strength and average density of foamed polyethylene depending on the value of consumption of main components was realized.

The interpretation of the Son of Man figure in Dan 7 is one of the most hotly debated issues in biblical scholarship. This article is based on the premise that the analysis of the Aramaic Daniel (Dan 1-7), the earlier part of the modern Hebrew-Aramaic book of Daniel, could enable us to determine the original interpretation of the Son of Man figure. A comparison of Dan 7 and Dan 4 allows us to conclude that in the Aramaic Daniel there is a consistent analogy between Adam, Nebuchadnezzar and the Son of Man. Therefore, the Son of Man figure may be defined as the "new Adam" if we use a later vocabulary. In the interpretation of the prophetic dream vision, this figure turns out to symbolise the nation of Israel, which is part of the tendency to identify Israel with man as such and attribute Adam's heritage to Israel.

A comparative analysis of the qualitative indicators of food and feed protein concentrates (PC) from pea and chickpea flour was carried out. The chickpea PC contains more protein than the pea PC: 83.22±0.35 and 71.78±0.35% on dry matter (DM), respectively, the biological value adjusted for protein digestibility (PDCAAS) in the pea PC (96%) is higher than that in the chickpea PC (76%). The PCs differed in the content of essential amino acids, copper, cobalt, manganese, nickel, the amount of flavonoids and foaming ability. Higher foaming capacity and lower foam stability in the chickpea PC correlated with higher flavonoid content and percent parallel β-structure and anti-parallel 310-helix proteins. A fodder biomass with a protein content of 61.68-64.10% and a biomass with a cultural liquid with 50.60-53.56% protein on DM were obtained. Biologically valuable concentrates differed in the mass fraction of fat, soluble, insoluble carbohydrates, potassium, magnesium, cobalt, manganese, sodium and the ratio of saturated:unsaturated fatty acids. A correlation was found between the amount of flavonoids, the optical density at D590 nm, and the color of preparations (correlation coefficient R=0.895). It is recommended to use the PCs for food purposes, serum concentrates, in feed for various animals.

Insulation systems must have a number of special properties when used on construction sites located in the zone of significant negative temperatures, wind load, and associated air filtration through building struc-tures, under the influence of the coastal environment that forms salts on tech-nical facilities associated with the production and transportation of petro-leum products. Firstly, high operational stability, including under the influ-ence of aggressive environments. Secondly, they must be non-flammable and have significant fire resistance limits. Thirdly, do not contain compo-nents that are toxic during normal operation or are released in the event of a fire. The analysis of possibilities has shown that products based on stone wool meet these requirements to the greatest extent as a thermal insulation material. The research presented in the article is based on a hypothesis about the use of products based on stone wool and epoxy binder on latent hardeners, which will allow us to obtain an energy-efficient material that fully meets the conditions of polar construction. The purpose of the research was to develop a method for selecting the parameters of manufacturing mineral wool products that affect the properties of mineral wool slabs to the greatest extent and to opti-mize the temperature of heat treatment of mineral wool carpet. Re-search methodology set out in the article is based on the method of mathematical planning of experiment and statistical processing of the results, followed by analytical optimization.

Construction on problem soils or in permafrost conditions involves using of pile foundations with a ventilated space under the floor structure. In this case, additional thermal insulation is required under the first-floor structure (above the ventilated space). The aim of research was to develop insulation systems for buildings on pile foundations for different climatic zones, including conditions of the arctic region and other regions with a predominance of ever-frozen ground. With the help of the THERM computer program, the conditions of bidimensional heat interchange in the enclosing structures of a building with pile foundation were simulated. The resulting models were analysed in terms of the thermophysical characteristics of the structures. As a result, the optimal version of the insulation system was chosen, effective both in the climatic conditions of the midland and in the especially cold conditions of Yakutia and Trans-Polar region (The Subarctic). This system included insulation with mineral wool slabs along the facade walls, with extruded foamed polystyrene along the basement part and the floor structure, and with rolled foamed polyethylene (with the formation of a seamless insulation shell) along the ventilated space under the floor structure and above, on top of insulation boards.

Construction on problem soils or in permafrost conditions involves using of pile foundations with a ventilated space under the floor structure. In this case, additional thermal insulation is required under the first-floor structure (above the ventilated space). This problem is com-pounded by construction in cold regions. The goal of research was to develop insulation systems for buildings on pile foundations for different climatic zones, including conditions of the arctic region and other regions with a predominance of ever-frozen ground. With the help of the THERM computer program, the conditions of bidimensional heat interchange in the enclosing structures of a building with pile foundation were simulated. The construction of such buildings is practiced on problem soils. The resulting models were analyzed in terms of the thermophysical characteristics of the structures. As a result, the optimal version of the insulation system was chosen, effective both in the climatic conditions of the midland and in the especially cold conditions of Yakutia and Trans-Polar region (The Subarctic). This system included insulation with mineral wool slabs along the facade walls, with extruded polystyrene (XPS) foams along the basement part and the floor structure, and with roll polyethylene (PE) foams (with the formation of a seamless insulation shell) along the ventilated space under the floor structure and above, on top of insulation boards.

The modern level of technological development involves the use of traditional materials modified with additives of various types and functional purposes, as well as composite materials allowing to obtain a product with improved properties. Expanding the area of application of products based on gypsum for facade systems involves the creation of weather-resistant, and, first of all, waterproof materials based on gypsum polymers. The purpose of the experiment, the results of which are presented in the article, was to assess the possibility of using polycondensation polymers as a component of gypsum polymer, to model the properties of the material and to evaluate its characteristics as a result of climatic and humidity influences. The modeling and optimization of gypsum polymer properties were based on statistical methods as well as methods of mathematical analysis of functions of several variables. The assessment of the water resistance of gypsum polymer samples was carried out under test conditions in an open reservoir with an almost unlimited reaction capacity of the medium. The weather resistance was checked according to the results of tests in a climatic chamber. Experiments have shown that the strength of samples with 20% modified melamine-formaldehyde resin in compression and in bending for 80 days of storage in air increases by 30% and 25%, respectively. The compressive strength is 60 MPa, and the flexural strength is 12 MPa. Gypsum polymer has high frost resistance up to 150 cycles of alternate freezing and thawing. The result of the research was the confirmation of the possibility of using polycondensation resins and the foundations of the method for selecting the composition of the gypsum polymer were developed. The results obtained can be used in the development of the technology of gypsum polymer products, and, in particular, piece products (building cladding tiles).

The article presents the results of a study of the state of production of a foam glass and the nomencla-ture of its products. It is shown that it is expedient to use the recycled glass obtained from the bottle battle, the defective glass and the double-glazed windows as a raw material for the production of the foam-glass. The re-quirements are formulated for glasses, which should have low viscosity values in the range of foaming tempera-tures. The features of the technology for the production of the foam glass aggregate at the specialized lines are outlined. The technology features are the composition of the charge and temperature conditions of burning. The mixture for the production of the foam glass aggregate consists of glass flour, organomineral blowing agent con-taining water and food glycerin, as distinct from the slab foam glass, where soot or coke is used as a blowing agent. The results confirm the effectiveness of the use of the foam glass aggregate as a soundproofing backfill for floors. Currently, about 70% of the foam glass aggregate is used for roofs and stylobates; the rest is used in landscape design, road construction, foundations and major repair. In the future, the areas of application of the foam glass aggregate can be significantly expanded in the direction of building systems, lightweight aggregates, etc., which involves in-depth studies of the properties of this material.

The article covers different application aspects of the products made of polyethylene foam within the scope of insulation systems of framed and frameless constructions used in the quality of storage premises, logistic objects, agricultural storage facilities and livestock facilities as well as framed residential buildings. Agricultural storage facilities, livestock facilities, covered parking areas for agricultural machinery and some types of storage premises represent the agricultural construction facilities which require the established protection systems against excessive heat losses as well as monitoring of the state of the internal environment - its temperature and humidity. These structures are built based on one of three schemes: frameless type, framed type with a rigid coating and framed type with a tent coating. The insulation of buildings constructed before 2010 is predominantly characterized by usage of mineral wool plates (with a protective facade covering) or sandwich panels. The main problem of suchlike coverings is the impossibility of creating an insulating coating without joints, seams or gapless junctions to the base. Mineral wool plates, in case of destruction of the waterproof coating, contact with water and firstly lose their thermal and physical properties, and then – come to the destruction themselves. Sandwich panels are more resistant to weather impacts, but create a coating with huge quantity of cold bridges and paths of convective air transfer through gaps or openings.

The article outlines the basic requirements for pitched roof insulation systems. The analysis of the properties of thermal insulation materials used in insulation systems was conducted. It is substantiated that the thermal resistance of such structures on the surface of the roof is formed taking into account the thermal conductivity of thermal insulation, thermal conductivity of wooden rafters and heat loss through the leakiness of joints and mounting devices. An assessment was made of the effect of loads of various types on the heat-insulating layer, namely: the effect of the air flow in the ventilated gap; the movement of the vapor-air mixture in the material; condensation of water vapor and penetration of drip liquid; exfiltration of air at the joints of the plates and on the surfaces of contact with the supporting structures. The expediency of using products on the basis of unstitched polyethylene foam in the construction of pitched roofs with a wooden roof system, taking into account the advantages and features of this material, as well as taking into account the possibility of creating a seamless insulating shell, is substantiated.

The article describes the features of the implementation of insulation systems in extreme climatic conditions, including in conditions of significant negative and alternating temperatures, high wind speeds and more. It is noted that the adaptation of building systems to similar operating conditions places special demands on heat-insulating materials, as well as resistance to mechanical and climatic influences, vapor permeability, and stability of properties for the entire period of operation. Taking into account the temperature regime of the polar territories, it becomes necessary to develop special solutions for the creation of insulating shells that have high heat engineering uniformity and durability, as well as those that are resistant to very negative and alternating temperatures. Also important is the heat, moisture, and vapor barrier properties of these systems. Taking into account the operational features of the polar territories, three main groups of objects requiring complex isolation and protection can be distinguished: residential buildings, roads on permafrost, modular buildings and residential capsules of mobile equipment. The article considers the feasibility of implementing such heat-efficient systems using foamed plastics, namely products based on extruded polystyrene foam and foamed polyethylene. Solutions are proposed for the implementation of overlaps over ventilated cellars, insulation of walls, roads and mobile structures.

The article discusses the results of studying the thermotechnical properties and energy saving factors of insulation systems based on mineral wool products and products based on extruded polystyrene foam under conditions close to natural ones. The studies were carried out on the basis of the hypothesis according to which the heat-saving characteristics of the facade insulation systems are most dependent on the thermal resistance along the surface of the wall, on the thermotechnical uniformity of the insulating sheath and on the stability of the properties of the heat-insulating materials under real operating conditions. The implemented complex made it possible to establish that the smallest difference between the air temperature in the room and the surface temperature in the lower zone was achieved on a fragment of the building envelope with a mounted facade system with XPS as insulation. For the same type of facade system, the maximum heat transfer resistance in the lower zone of the building envelope was reached - 2.72 m2 ° C / W for the cold period of the year, which significantly exceeds the characteristics of the system of mounted ventilated facades with mineral wool thermal insulation in the corresponding zones. The factor of “additional warming” from the soil, which is used to justify the rejection of warming in the buried part of the structure, does not work in the cold season. Flooding at thezone with the junction of the wall with the soil significantly affects the values and nature of the distribution of operating humidity inside the insulation layers.

The applying of local building materials is an effective contribution to the savings of mineral resources, which are used for the production of basic building materials. Clay and gypsum compositions are the local raw materials in many regions of the country and some neighboring countries. The article discusses the method for determining the clay fraction in the clay and gypsum composition, as well as the method for assessing the rheological characteristics of the plaster mixtures for interior work based on clay and gypsum binder. It was established that the content of the clay fraction in the studied clay and gypsum composition is in the range of 30–32%. Plaster mixtures based on clay and gypsum binder can be considered as optimal compositions under the following conditions. The grade of mobility is not less than PK3 (8–12 cm) in cone penetration test, the ultimate shear stresses in the first seconds of the thixotropic hardening ensure no runoff for the adjusted thickness of the applied layer. With the mentioned mobility, the “creeping” on the concrete surface is 10% and less, and the “creeping” on the brick surface is no more than 5%. The allowable water-solid ratio is 0,46–0,50.

The method of measurement of reflection coefficient behind an orifice in one of reflectors of the quasioptical open resonator is considered. According to the applied mathematical model, the method has the restriction which is consist in use of a short-wave approximation for the orifice size (it dimension is much more than a wavelength). For evaluation of limits of applicability of this method the experimental setup in the threecentimetric range of wavelengths consist of the quasioptical open resonator and the system of positioning of the measuring probe is created. By the experimental study of distribution of fields behind an orifice in the reflector of the open resonator it is found that the method, except restriction of mathematical model, has also restrictions, due to the wave’s interference, reflected from edges of this orifice. It causes a deviation from the uniform amplitude distribution of the field in an opening that can lead to increase in an error of a reflection coefficient measuring. It is also shown that by decrease of the sizes of an orifice formation of a bunch with small divergence, but with significantly more expressed distribution of the field localized about a bunch axis in an aperture is possible. It can be used for diagnostics of inhomogeneity of samples with higher locality.