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Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of word choice on the quality of narrative feedback in ophthalmology resident trainee assessments following the introduction of competency-based medical education at Queen’s University. Methods: Assessment data from July 2017-December 2020 were retrieved from ElentraTM (Integrated Teaching and Learning Platform) and anonymized. Written feedback was assigned a Quality of Assessment for Learning (QuAL) score out of five based on this previously validated rubric. The correlation between QuAL score and specific coaching words was determined using a Spearman’s Rho analysis. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare the QuAL score when a specific word was used, and when it was absent. Results: A total of 1997 individual assessments were used in this analysis. The number of times the identified coaching words were used within a comment was significantly and positively associated with the total QuAL score, with the exception of “next time” (rho=0.039, p=0.082), “read” (rho = 0.036, p = 0.112), “read more” (rho = -0.025, p = 0.256) and “review” (rho = -0.017, p = 0.440). The strongest correlations were for “continue” (rho = 0.182, p < 0.001), “try(ing)” (rho = 0.113, p < 0.001) and “next step” (rho = 0.103, p < 0.001). The mean value of the QuAL score increased when coaching words were used vs. not used with the largest mean difference of 1.44 (p < 0.001) for “reflect”. A clear positive relationship was demonstrated between word count and QuAL score (rho = .556, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The use of certain coaching words in written comments may improve the quality of feedback.

Ghostlike visualisations depicting green development haunt the future of urban space as they de- and re-materialise in cities across the planet. Arguably such apparitions are part of a contemporary green dispositif,1 a heterogenous network of human and nonhuman relations that sets the conditions of possibility for future life. Such images tend to circulate from North to South, and spread particular ideologies as they flow.2 Against this background, and diffracted through Karen Barad’s more-than- human hauntology,3 the following essay asks: in what ways do images, imaginaries, and motifs of future green cities shape and materialise ‘injustices-to-come’ in the case of Nava Raipur, Chhattisgarh India? Grounded in site work and subsequent discourse analysis of newspapers, websites, social me- dia, and planning policy documents the essay tracks the im/material and discursive entanglements that perform and co-constitute Nava Raipur’s past, present, and future, a deeply relational process conceived of here as an urban spectral sympoiesis, 4 that is, as defined in what follows, a multitempo- ral and multispatial becoming-with ghosts in relational city-making processes.

The core values of community health nursing practice are rooted in the social determinants of health, health equity and social justice. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, community health nurses (CHNs) witnessed first-hand the impact on individuals in situations of marginalization. This research inquiry explored how health inequities among client populations contributed to experiences of MD among CHNs in Canada during the pandemic. A total of 245 CHNs from across Canada participated in an online survey. Participants reported that during the pandemic individuals living in situations of marginalization were disproportionately impacted. CHNs were unable to provide the necessary health promotion interventions and experienced high levels of moral distress. The negative impact of the pandemic on individuals living in situations of marginalization illuminated the intersecting social and structural inequities that drive negative health outcomes and emphasized the need to adopt an equity focus for current and future pandemic planning, response, and recovery.

We conducted a case study in London, Ontario to identify factors that influence decisions to purchase low carbon vehicles including what role municipal governments might play in encouraging low carbon vehicle purchase decisions. As part of a city-university partnership, this study reports (n = 257) results from a mail-out survey. We test mainly whether social influences and mechanisms under municipal control predict intent to purchase electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). Both proximal social influencers (family and friends) (.179**, .393**) and distal social influencers (.219**, .142*) predict intent to purchase EV and HEV respectively. City information sessions (.161** EV) and City promotion (.141* HEV) significantly influence intentions, while City-provided EV parking and charging are not. While municipalities may find other areas with greater impact on GHG reductions, the findings support promoting the social aspects of EV and HEV purchasing and providing relatively low-cost promotion/events.

The phenomenon of newspeakerism is discussed within the context of minority languages in the light of the native/non-native speaker dichotomy. Tracing the colonial origins of the concept of the native speaker reveals how the divide is underpinned by an exclusivist narrative based on accident of birth, leading to a consensus within second language teaching for the need to overcome what is described as a racist ideology. The concepts of legitimacy and ownership highlight how the analogous traditional/new speaker dichotomy can replicate and perpetuate divides within minority speech communities, potentially hindering revitalisation efforts. The paper concludes that new speakers should be granted a sense of linguistic entitlement whilst avoiding side-lining traditional speakers, calling for a paradigm shift putting all speakers on an equal footing based on their linguistic proficiency and level of commitment to language maintenance in order to strengthen revitalisation efforts.

Titanium alloys are used extensively in the aerospace sector due to the good combination of high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosive resistance. Many aerospace components are exposed to extreme service stress states and temperatures, which in some applications could compromise the component’s performance if a single titanium alloy is used. A potential solution to this issue could be the combination of dissimilar titanium alloys in subcomponent regions, achieved through consolidating powders via field assisted sintering technology (FAST-DB) and subsequent hot forging (FAST-forge). In this paper, near net shape titanium-titanium alloy demonstrator components are produced from oversized AM powders in just two hybrid solid-state steps; FAST-DB and hot forging.

Bloggers are increasingly viewed by public relations practitioners as important influencers within the online media environment, yet research that explores relationships between bloggers and PR practitioners, particularly in the UK, is relatively limited. This paper reports on findings from a small-scale, in depth qualitative study of food blogger-practitioner relationships within the hospitality sector in the UK. The study explored why bloggers write about their restaurant experiences and how they view their relationships with PR professionals; while PR practitioners were questioned about their relationships with bloggers and the influence bloggers are having on PR clients’ reputations. In keeping with previous research, this study found that the practitioner-blogger relationship is complex. The PR practitioners interviewed within the hospitality sector viewed restaurant review bloggers as highly influential to their clients’ reputations and view the relationship as one that is built on mutual interests and trust. However, bloggers do not perceive the relationship in this light and are sceptical of PR practitioners’ motives. While bloggers had different motivations for blogging, they shared a common passion for blogging and a drive to provide reliable information and objective advice to their readers. Concerns within the blogging community were highlighted in regard to accepting incentives (free meals) from PR practitioners, and how this can be damaging to bloggers’ reputations. While some bloggers claim to resist PR practitioners’ attempts to influence their blog content, other bloggers take an active role in building relationships with PR practitioners. It is argued that both parties are engaged in ‘identity work’ in order to protect their respective identities and practices and that emotion management plays a part in the practitioner-blogger relationship.

Both historically and at present, vector control is the most generally effective means of controlling malaria transmission. Insecticides are the predominant method of vector control, but the sterile insect technique (SIT) is a complementary strategy with a successful track record in both agricultural and public health sectors. Strategies of genetic and radiation-induced sterilization of Anopheles have to date been limited by logistical and/or regulatory hurdles. A safe and effective mosquito chemosterilant would therefore be of major utility to future deployment of SIT for malaria control. Here we review the prior and current use of chemosterilants in SIT, and assess the potential for future research. Recent genomic and proteomic studies reveal opportunities for specific targeting of seminal fluid proteins, and the capacity to interfere with sperm motility and storage in the female.

The field of study we visit in this article is the history of editing. Specifically, we look at D.W. Griffith’s essay “Pace in the Movies” (1926) which says that specific scenes in films must be edited with specific shot lengths in mind. In a model movie cuts between shots must come with a wavelike frequency, Griffith insists, and offers his recipe as to the perfect wave curve within the duration of the film. Griffith’s post-analysis based on his experience as a director and editor has caused a controversy among modern-day film historians. Some use it as an argument in favor of numeric approaches to film style; others doubt whether it was Griffith who authored this idea, and if it was, whether Griffith meant what he meant.

Additive layer manufacturing (ALM) processes are becoming increasingly prevalent in the aerospace industry as design engineers look to profit from the numerous advantages that these advanced techniques can offer. However, given the safety critical nature and arduous operating conditions to which these components will be exposed to whilst in service, it is essential that the mechanical properties of such structures are fully understood. Transient microstructures are a typical characteristic of ALM components and resulting from the thermal cycles that occur during the build operation. Those microstructures make any mechanical assessment an involved procedure when assessing the process variables for any given parameter set. A useful mechanical test technique is small-scale testing, in particular, the small punch (SP) test. SP testing is capable of localised sampling of a larger scale component and presents an attractive option to mechanically assess complex parts with representative geometries, that would not be possible using more conventional uniaxial test approaches. This paper will present the recent development of a small-scale testing methodology capable of inducing fatigue damage and a series of novel tests performed on different variants of Ti-6Al-4V.

Background: Ultrasonography is increasingly used for teaching physical examination in medical schools. This study seeks the opinions of educators as to which physical examinations would be most enhanced by the addition of ultrasonography. We also asked when ultrasound-aided physical examination teaching could have deleterious effects if used outside its intended scope. Methods: All of the educators from the University of Calgary Master Teacher Program were invited to complete a 22-item paper-based survey. Survey items were generated independently by two investigators, with input from an expert panel (N = 5). Results: Of the 36 educators, 27 (75%) completed the survey. Examinations identified to be potentially most useful included: measuring the size of the abdominal aorta, identifying the presence/absence of ascites, identifying the presence/absence of pleural effusions, and measuring the size of the bladder. Examinations thought to be potentially most harmful included: identifying the presence/absence of intrauterine pregnancy, measuring the size of the abdominal aorta, and identifying the presence/absence of pericardial effusion. Conclusions: Examinations that are potentially the most useful may also be potentially the most harmful. When initiating an ultrasound curriculum for physical examinations, educators should weigh the risks and benefits of examinations chosen.

This is an invited introductory discussion of tragedy in Aristotle's Poetics.

While nobody would deny children the right to food, school-feeding programmes fail to address important underlying issues.

Pamela Baxter discusses why peace education programmes are so important and Vick Ikobwa presents the methodology and lessons learned from the UNHCR/INEE Peace Education Programme in East Africa and the Horn.

Formats have an interacting range of qualities that practice based research can explore, so testing and questioning theory; they are more than dimensions. Video art can play with space, light and sound, through a choice of materials, including visuals and audio. I make video art out of the virtual world of Second Life with its interplay of two-dimensional textures and three-dimensional objects. Editing this virtual world digital video with digitised archive film, contemporary music and literature explores how the formats used by multiple creators across time can interact, so exploring meanings through reinterpretation and translation. Taking still images from that video art into printmaking using photogravure etching, a hand-crafted method of mechanically pressing ink on paper, considers the translation of light on screen to ink on paper, and explores format from another position. Going from moving image to still images changes the relationship with time and distance, and from ratios in pixels to dimensions in millimetres.