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Latin America has long been a key site of resource extraction, acting as a sacrifice zone for the Global North's fossil fuel needs. Now, the region is pushing for an "energy transition" by opening its own electric grid to renewable sources. Using a case study from La Guajira, in Northeastern Colombia, we argue that energy corporations are appropriating and deploying the concept of energy transitions to fashion themselves as climate conscious, post-extractive, and environmentally caring actors. Based on ethnographic evidence from coal mining and wind energy companies, we argue that the corporate co-optation of the energy transition agenda plays out in public narratives and representations, environmental projects, and community relations. Drawing on insights from the political ecology of energy transitions and low-carbon infrastructures, we contend that corporate transition agendas are more than smoke and mirrors; they are tangible and consequential processes that perpetuate environmental conflicts, sustain forms of "green" accumulation, and foreclose the possibility of a just transition. In unraveling the competing yet entangled agendas of coal and wind companies, this article renders visible the continuities between fossil fuels and renewable energy in Latin America and beyond.

Over the past 60 years the desiccation of the Aral Sea has created a new desert in Central Asia, the Aralkum (Aral Desert), and with it a new source of desert dust aerosol. COSMO-MUSCAT regional simulations of the Central Asian dust life-cycle provide estimates of dust emission from the Aralkum region during the year of March 2015 to March 2016, indicating a near-doubling in its estimated late 20th century emissions into the 21st century, with estimates based on differences in surface water coverage. A consequence of this increase in dust emissions is a corresponding deterioration in air quality as particulate matter (PM10) concentrations increase. During the simulation year much of the Aralkum’s dust emissions are driven by westerly winds and hence areas of southern Kazahkstan to the east of the Aralkum would be particularly badly affected by its dust. In Uzbekistan, the WHO’s guidelines on maximum recommended daily average PM10 values are simulated to be exceeded on 29 days during the year in the city of Nukus, 8 days in the city of Bukhara, and 2 days in the capital city of Tashkent.

We investigated the potential of using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery from three different frequencies: X-, C-, and L-band, to characterize coastal wetlands in the Great Lakes. Three sets of SAR data acquired over the Bay of Quinte, Ontario, Canada between 2016 and 2018 from Radarsat-2, 2016 from TerraSAR-X, and 2018 from ALOS-2 satellites were processed using small baseline subset (SBAS) Interferometric SAR (InSAR) techniques to provide maps of surface changes in marshes and swamps. Results showed that SAR backscatter and coherence were sensitive to sensor characteristics (frequency, polarization, incidence angle, acquisition interval), changes in water level, and phenology. InSAR time series observations were evaluated using measurements from water level loggers based on correlation and root mean square error (RMSE) from a linear regression model. Correlation between InSAR measurements and water level changes in the field varied from −1 to 1 depending on the site, type of wetland vegetation, and incidence angle. Although results from some sensor modes provided good correlation (0.77–1) at a few locations, the low fringe rate and large RMSE between 4 and 64 cm indicated that InSAR observations of water level changes in the dynamic wetland environment were generally underestimated.

Recently, there has been a significant increase in efforts to better inventory and manage important ecosystems across Canada using advanced remote sensing techniques. In this study, we improved the method and results of our first-generation Canadian wetland inventory map at 10-m resolution. Iin order to increase wetland classification accuracy, the main contributions of this new study are adding more training data to the classification process and training Random Forest (RF) models on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform within the boundaries of ecozones rather than provinces. A considerable effort has been devoted to data collection, preparation, standardization of datasets for each ecozone. The data cleaning reveals a data gap in several Northern ecozones. Accordingly, high-resolution optical data, from Worldview-2 and Pleiades, were acquired to delineate wetland training data based on visual interpretation in those regions. By using this well-distributed training data, this second generation wetland inventory map represents an improvement of 7% compared to the first generation map. Accuracy varied from 76% to 91% in different ecozones depending on available resources. Furthermore, the results of RF variable importance, which was carried out for each ecozone, demonstrate that and NDVI extracted from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data, respectively, were the most important features for wetland mapping.

In-situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) core flooding system has enabled researchers to monitor several rock properties such as porosity, pore size distribution, and fluid saturation along the tested samples with high resolutions and under reservoir conditions. However, spatially resolved rock strength/mechanical property alteration coupled to fluid migration/substitution remains poorly characterized. To this end, Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) multiplex sensors were integrated with NMR core flooding system to monitor rock strength changes, or generally speaking, to observe hydro-mechanical-chemical coupling mechanisms during core flooding tests. In this study, we present a novel approach on how to conduct core flooding experiments, while simultaneously monitoring NMR and FBG strain response of the tested limestone plug. The NMR cell was modified to integrate FBG technology without impeding the NMR signal and core flooding high pressure/temperature capacity. A high spatial resolution optical fiber was attached onto the sample radial surface. The results show the successful association of NMR and FBG sensors to track any change at each stage of brine injection. The FBG is capable of measuring the rock strain variations induced by rock-fluid interactions during brine injection, allowing it to capture the fluid front location along with the sample and at a faster rate than the NMR.

In the Pacific and Black/African diaspora world, we dance for the dead. For the late, legendary, Black Pacific poet-scholar Teresia Teaiwa (1968–2017), I danced a eulogy in Fiji. The performance is featured in a short film I made to honor her memory. A central focus of this article is to chronicle Teaiwa’s epic influence upon Pacific Studies and her establishment of a group of women artist-scholars of both Pacific Island and African diasporic heritage mostly based in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Teaiwa emboldened us to share family stories and to embrace our Black Pacific heritages through artistic practice and research. She honored Pacific solidarity, and diversity of knowledge, and was a fierce critic of Black racism in the region. I pay homage to her.

Background: Physicians often fail to implement clinical practice guidelines. Our aim was to evaluate whether a purposefully sequenced, multifaceted educational intervention would increase physician adherence to a guideline for voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) use following first urinary tract infection (UTI) in young children. Methods: Using a single centre, pretest-posttest design, we compared the proportion of guideline adherent VCUG orders and the VCUG ordering rate before and after three educational interventions (interactive lecture, clinical pathway, faxed reminder) selected and sequenced according to the PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation) health promotion model. Results: One hundred and nine physicians ordered 219 VCUGs for 219 children. Following the interventions, there was an increase in the monthly proportion of adherent VCUGs ordered by pediatricians (analysis of variance (ANOVA) F(2,29) = 3.38, p = .048) and non-pediatricians (ANOVA F(2,28) = 14.71, p < .001). Also, pediatricians decreased their monthly VCUG ordering rate (linear trend incidence rate ratio 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.54, 0.99]). Pediatricians were more likely to adhere with the guideline than were non-pediatricians (odds ratio 2.91, 95% CI [1.5, 5.5]). Conclusion: Exposure to purposefully sequenced educational interventions based on the PRECEDE model was associated with increased adherence to guideline recommendations.

Este texto visa a examinar questões referentes ao papel e modos de ação, bem como a formação do interveniente e sua inserção nesse métier. Depois de uma breve discussão sobre a relação entre intervenção e pesquisa, abordam-se alguns aspectos da démarche clínica no campo da psicologia, para apresentar, em seguida, a análise de alguns dados empíricos de uma pesquisa em andamento cujo objetivo é o estudo da formação do interveniente.

Samples of flowback water from a 4.3 km deep geothermal borehole in granite (Pohang, South Korea) were collected following a period of hydraulic stimulation by injection of surface water. Electrical conductivity, temperature and water chemistry of the flowback water were measured. To a first approximation, the data conform closely to a simple ‘mixing tank’ model, with an exponential trend between two end members: an initial injected surface water to a more brackish ‘resident groundwater’ composition. Significant deviation from the ‘mixing tank’ trend would be an indication of significant recent water-rock interaction or other anomalous factors. Such a deviation can tentatively be seen in Na+/Cl- data, especially between 88 and 200 m3 flowback (2.8 to 8.8 hr).

Participant observation of study spaces in the Killam Memorial Library at Dalhousie University revealed significant insight into the study behaviours of individual students and groups, the impact of building design on these behaviours, and the research methodology itself. The effect of unintentional panoptical design (on adherence to quiet study rules) and ambient noise (on productivity and popularity of spaces) were both observed, as were the blending of social and academic activities, and the choices of students to work individually and collaboratively within a community environment rather than solitude. As an ethnographic methodology, participant observation is rarely conducted in library spaces. This study proves the value of this methodology when students observe fellow students. Their complete membership in the culture under observation permits unobtrusive access and a richness of collected data that is enhanced by observer insight into student life.

The Journal des Sçavans and the Philosophical Transactions were both founded in 1665. The Journal des Sçavans was founded by Denis de Sallo and was mainly intended as a journal of book reviews, conceived of as a way of disseminating new knowledge. It covered the whole range of human knowledge. The Philosophical Transactions was founded by Henry Oldenberg, with a mandate, but without funding, from the Royal Society. It was based on the numerous letters that he received, and restricted itself to matters of “natural philosophy”. This article looks in detail at some of the linguistic features of one issue of the Journal des Sçavans (9 March 1665), and one issue of the Philosophical Transactions (3 July 1665). An analysis of transitivity patterns shows that relational process and verbal process constitute the most common types in the Journal des Sçavans, whereas in the Philosophical Transactions, although the rate of relational process is similar, the rate for material process is four times higher. An analysis of thematic structure shows that the Philosophical Transactions has rather less textual themes than the Journal des Sçavans. In terms of thematic progression, the Philosophical Transactions has slightly less linear links and rather more constant links than the Journal des Sçavans. A semantic categorization of themes shows that the most common categories in the Journal des Sçavans relate to the author of the book being reviewed, or to the book itself, whereas in the Philosophical Transactions the commonest category by far is the object of study.

In linguistics, approaches that radically separate syntax and semantics, falling into the trap of impoverishing a richer truth, leave me wanting more and preferring theories that accept their inseparable relationship as a basic fact. One theory that fits this criterion is the functional theory as developed by M.A.K. Hallyday, and often known under the label ‘Systemic Linguistics’. This approach, although strongly established in the English-speaking world, especially in Great Britain and in countries of British influence, remains little known in France. I wish to outline here an element of this theory which deals with transitivity, and to show its interest and usefulness in the analysis of text.

Wine grape production has historically been restricted to temperate latitudes – largely between 30 and 50 degrees above and below the equator. Recently, though, wine has started to be made in countries within tropical regions. This paper explores the development and features of the Thai wine industry, the largest of the SE Asian wine producers. Linking in to arguments concerning economic and cultural globalisation, the paper explores the motivations and origins of the Thai producers, the environmental constraints and local adaptations to these, the regulatory and cultural constraints to the development of the industry, its global connections and prospects for the industry. Our argument is that despite its small size, the Thai wine industry neatly encapsulates many of the complexities around globalisation, demonstrating the fusion of global cultural trends, nationalistic economic growth, the increasingly global character of wine industry participants, and the continuing constraints on all these global processes of domestic political and regulatory regimes.